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如何增加交换文件的大小？

tag-icon • tag-icon 14.04 swap
如何增加交换文件的大小？

我是 Ubuntu 新手。我需要将交换文件的大小从 8 GB 增加到 16 GB，我该怎么做？这个文件里有吗/etc/fstab？

通过命令free -h

             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          7.6G       4.8G       2.8G       623M       232M       2.5G
-/+ buffers/cache:       2.1G       5.5G
Swap:          15G         0B        15G

答案1

为了方便起见，这里有一个我以前写过的脚本，但针对您的问题进行了修改。这样只需一个命令即可轻松添加所需的交换量。也可以在我的个人 github 仓库，其中可能包括其他修复和更新。

设置步骤：

  1. 复制下面的脚本
  2. 将其保存为目录中的某个文件。将其命名为addswap.sh
  3. 打开终端并执行cd <directory where you saved the script>
  4. 跑步chmod +x ./addswap.sh

使用方法非常简单：

sudo ./addswap.sh INTEGER LETTER

要添加 1 GB，您需要执行sudo ./addswap.sh 1 G。要添加 1 MB，您需要执行sudo ./addswap.sh 1 M。

脚本

#!/bin/bash
set -e  # bail if anything goes wrong

is_root(){
   if [ "$( id -u )" -ne 0  ] ; then
      return 1
   fi
   return 0
}

get_swap_amount(){
    # Obtain amount of swap in Gigabytes
    awk '/SwapTotal/{printf "%.2f",($2/1048576)}' /proc/meminfo
}

make_swap_file(){ 
   # This is the function that does the job of creatig swap file
   # and enabling it.  All files are timestamped
   printf "Current swap ammount: %f\n" "$(get_swap_amount)"
   printf "Working on creating swap file\n"
   DATE=$(date +%s) # append date of creation to filename
   filename="/swapfile.""$DATE" # File will be /swapfile.$DATE
   dd if=/dev/zero  of="$filename" bs=1"$2" count="$1"
   chmod 600 "$filename"
   mkswap "$filename" && 
   swapon "$filename" && 
   printf "\nCreated and turned on %s\n"  "$filename"
   printf "Current swap ammount: %f" "$(get_swap_amount)"
}


ask_to_enable_on_boot(){
   # Prompt user to enable this new swap file on boot. If user
   # enters y, the swap file will be added to /etc/fstab
   printf "Do you want to turn on this file at boot?[y/n]\n"
   read ANSWER
   case "$ANSWER" in
    [Yy]) printf "\n%s none swap defaults 0 0\n" "$filename"  >> /etc/fstab &&
       printf "\n %s added to /etc/fstab successfuly\n" "$filename"
       exit 0 ;;
    [Nn]) printf "Exiting\n" && exit 0 ;;
    *) printf "Wrong input: %s . Exiting. /etc/fstab not altered\n" "$ANSWER" && exit 1 ;;
   esac

}

bad_arguments(){
     # check if second argument is a character 
     case "$2" in 
         [A-Z]) return 1;;
         *) return 0;;
     esac

    # Check if first argument is a digit. 
    # https://stackoverflow.com/a/3951175/3701431
    case "$1" in
        ''|*[!0-9]*) return 0;;
        *) return 1 ;;
    esac 

}

main(){

    # Check if we're root and if args are OK. If everything is ok, do stuff

    if is_root 
    then
        if [ $# -ne 2   ] ||  bad_arguments "$@"
        then
            printf "%s\n" ">>> ERR: $0: bad or insufficient arguments" > /dev/stderr
            printf "%s\n" ">>> Usage: $0 INTEGER LETTER" > /dev/stderr
            exit 2
        fi
        make_swap_file "$@" && ask_to_enable_on_boot
    else
        printf ">>> ERR: $0 must run as root\n" > /dev/stderr
        exit 1
    fi
}

main "$@"

测试运行

$ sudo ./addswap.sh 1 G                                                                                                                                                                 
[sudo] password for xieerqi: 
Current swap ammount: 4.000000
Working on creating swap file
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 6.83322 s, 157 MB/s
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1024 MiB (1073737728 bytes)
no label, UUID=8bf1d78d-0a8a-478b-a783-38c5935c362f

Created and turned on /swapfile.1498976162
Current swap ammount: 5.000000Do you want to turn on this file at boot?[y/n]
Y

 /swapfile.1498976162 added to /etc/fstab successfuly
 $

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