所以我用了：
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
在此之前，nvidia-smi 返回：
Thu Aug 24 22:07:42 2017
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 375.66 Driver Version: 375.66 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 Tesla M2050 Off | 0000:05:00.0 Off | 0 |
| N/A N/A P12 N/A / N/A | 47MiB / 2622MiB | 5% Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: GPU Memory |
| GPU PID Type Process name Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| 0 1910 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 31MiB |
| 0 2207 G compiz 15MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
现在它返回：
Failed to initialize NVML: Driver/library version mismatch
我认为它安装的驱动程序不兼容，并且我想恢复到我之前使用的旧驱动程序。
以下是 ubuntu-drivers 命令后的日志：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libcublas7.5 libcudart7.5 libcufft7.5 libcufftw7.5 libcurand7.5 libcusolver7.5 libcusparse7.5 libdrm-dev
libgl1-mesa-dev libnppc7.5 libnppi7.5 libnpps7.5 libnvblas7.5 libnvrtc7.5 libnvtoolsext1 libnvvm3
libpthread-stubs0-dev libthrust-dev libvdpau-dev libx11-dev libx11-doc libx11-xcb-dev libxau-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev
libxcb-dri3-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-present-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-render0-dev libxcb-shape0-dev
libxcb-sync-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb1-dev libxdamage-dev libxdmcp-dev libxext-dev libxfixes-dev libxshmfence-dev
libxxf86vm-dev linux-headers-4.4.0-72 linux-headers-4.4.0-72-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-75
linux-headers-4.4.0-75-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-78 linux-headers-4.4.0-78-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-79
linux-headers-4.4.0-79-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-81 linux-headers-4.4.0-81-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-83
linux-headers-4.4.0-83-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-87 linux-headers-4.4.0-87-generic linux-image-4.4.0-72-generic
linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic linux-image-4.4.0-78-generic linux-image-4.4.0-79-generic linux-image-4.4.0-81-generic
linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-4.4.0-87-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-72-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-75-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-78-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-79-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-81-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-87-generic
mesa-common-dev nvidia-cuda-doc nvidia-cuda-gdb nvidia-opencl-dev opencl-headers x11proto-core-dev x11proto-damage-dev
x11proto-dri2-dev x11proto-fixes-dev x11proto-gl-dev x11proto-input-dev x11proto-kb-dev x11proto-xext-dev
x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
iucode-tool
Recommended packages:
libcuda1-384 nvidia-opencl-icd-384
The following packages will be REMOVED:
libcuda1-375 libcuinj64-7.5 nvidia-375 nvidia-cuda-dev nvidia-cuda-toolkit nvidia-opencl-icd-375 nvidia-profiler
nvidia-visual-profiler
The following NEW packages will be installed:
intel-microcode iucode-tool nvidia-384
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 8 to remove and 126 not upgraded.
Need to get 74.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 680 MB disk space will be freed.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 iucode-tool amd64 1.5.1-1ubuntu0.1 [33.8 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 intel-microcode amd64 3.20170707.1~ubuntu16.04.0 [985 kB]
Get:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 nvidia-384 amd64 384.69-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 [73.0 MB]
Fetched 74.0 MB in 20s (3,597 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 519338 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing nvidia-cuda-toolkit (7.5.18-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing nvidia-cuda-dev (7.5.18-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing nvidia-visual-profiler (7.5.18-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing nvidia-profiler (7.5.18-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing libcuinj64-7.5:amd64 (7.5.18-0ubuntu1) ...
Removing libcuda1-375 (375.66-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Removing nvidia-opencl-icd-375 (375.66-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Removing nvidia-375 (375.66-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) ...
Removing all DKMS Modules
Done.
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375-prime/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375-prime/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375-prime/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_GL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375-prime/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mesa-egl/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in auto mode
INFO:Disable nvidia-375
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.122ubuntu8.8) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-92-generic
W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays.
Selecting previously unselected package iucode-tool.
(Reading database ... 515566 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../iucode-tool_1.5.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking iucode-tool (1.5.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-384.
Preparing to unpack .../nvidia-384_384.69-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nvidia-384 (384.69-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package intel-microcode.
Preparing to unpack .../intel-microcode_3.20170707.1~ubuntu16.04.0_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking intel-microcode (3.20170707.1~ubuntu16.04.0) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
Setting up iucode-tool (1.5.1-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up nvidia-384 (384.69-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-384/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-384/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-384/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_GL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-384/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/share/nvidia-384/glamor.conf to provide /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/glamoregl.conf (glamor_conf) in auto mode
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
INFO:Enable nvidia-384
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
Adding system user `nvidia-persistenced' (UID 124) ...
Adding new group `nvidia-persistenced' (GID 130) ...
Adding new user `nvidia-persistenced' (UID 124) with group `nvidia-persistenced' ...
Not creating home directory `/'.
Loading new nvidia-384-384.69 DKMS files...
First Installation: checking all kernels...
Building only for 4.4.0-92-generic
Building for architecture x86_64
Building initial module for 4.4.0-92-generic
Done.
nvidia_384:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/4.4.0-92-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia_384_modeset.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/4.4.0-92-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia_384_drm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/4.4.0-92-generic/updates/dkms/
nvidia_384_uvm.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/4.4.0-92-generic/updates/dkms/
depmod....
DKMS: install completed.
Setting up intel-microcode (3.20170707.1~ubuntu16.04.0) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
intel-microcode: microcode will be updated at next boot
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.122ubuntu8.8) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-92-generic
W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays.
好像我一直在使用 375 版驱动程序？但我试过了
sudo apt-get install nvidia-375
但这并没有什么帮助。
如果有人能详细解释如何操作，我将不胜感激，因为我对 Linux 还很陌生。在此先谢谢大家了。
答案1
尝试从软件包中清除所有与 nvidia 相关的内容，然后重新安装。您可以使用 aptitude 查找所有已安装或损坏的内容。
如果您尚未安装它。
sudo apt install aptitude
sudo aptitude search nvidia | grep -E "^i|^c"
然后清除它找到的包，然后重新安装，就好了。