大家好，救星们。我是这个论坛的新手。经过相当长时间的谷歌搜索和故障排除，我不得不宣布这个问题失败了。请随时索取解决此问题所需的任何信息。
我的问题是升级（14.04 -> 17.10）后，我的笔记本电脑丢失了音频输入/输出。我设法恢复了输入（内置麦克风），但没有恢复输出（内置扬声器）。
以下是症状列表：
症状＃1：Pulse Audio Control 显示未插电
实际上，模拟立体声输出也拔掉了，但没有模拟立体声输入。
症状＃2：接收器索引空闲
在终端返回时发出pactl list short | grep analog-stereo（为了便于阅读，我手动换行）
1 alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo module-alsa-card.c
s16le 2ch 44100Hz IDLE
2 alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor module-alsa-card.c
s16le 2ch 44100Hz RUNNING
3 alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo module-alsa-card.c
s16le 2ch 44100Hz RUNNING
输入正在运行，但输出处于空闲状态，原因不明。
症状＃3：端口似乎不可用
我进入了 的长输出pactl list，并找到了声卡。在profile声卡描述部分，所有配置文件都显示available : no。并且port部分给出了B-analog-output-lineout: Line Out和Not Available，影响output:analog-stereo和 output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo。后者可能是我想要的双工设置。
Card #1
Name: alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3
Driver: module-alsa-card.c
Owner Module: 7
Properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xda148000 irq 136"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a170"
device.product.name = "Sunrise Point-H HD Audio"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "Built-in Audio"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
Profiles:
input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Input (sinks: 0, sources: 1, priority: 60, available: no)
output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Output (sinks: 1, sources: 0, priority: 6000, available: no)
output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (sinks: 1, sources: 1, priority: 6060, available: no)
off: Off (sinks: 0, sources: 0, priority: 0, available: yes)
Active Profile: output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
Ports:
B-analog-output-lineout: Line Out (priority: 9900, latency offset: 0 usec, not available)
Part of profile(s): output:analog-stereo, output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo
在这里我将总结一下我的系统的一些基本信息：
~$ sudo aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC3235 Analog [ALC3235 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
~$ sudo alsactl --version
alsactl version 1.1.3
~$ lspci | grep -i audio
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H HD Audio (rev 31)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0fbc (rev a1)
其中部分输出lspci -v与音频有关：
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 0fbc (rev a1)
Subsystem: Dell Device 16d9
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Memory at dc080000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [78] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Sunrise Point-H HD Audio (rev 31)
Subsystem: Dell Sunrise Point-H HD Audio
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 32, IRQ 136
Memory at da148000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at da120000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
答案1
我遇到了类似的问题（但在我的例子中，pulseaudio 根本没有启动）。在尝试了几种故障排除方法后，我决定清除 pulseaudio 并重新安装。
我知道我喜欢用电锯来割草，但它对我来说很有用。
答案2
我遵循了 此错误报告：
在/etc/pulse/default.pa：
注释掉以下行
加载模块 模块切换上下文
然后运行 sudo alsa 强制重新加载
它有所帮助。Kubuntu 17.10 从 17.04 升级而来，内置英特尔音频，华硕上网本 F200M