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音频无法与混响和水下声音正常配合

tag-icon • tag-icon sound xubuntu 17.10 pulseaudio alsa
音频无法与混响和水下声音正常配合

我的电脑是一台有点老旧的联想 Ideacenter K410 塔式机。它最初预装了 Win7。我将操作系统更新为 Xubuntu 16.04 LTS，并且已经使用了 2 年多，但最近才更新到 17.10.1。我尝试使用 USB 音频接口，每次插入时，似乎都会冻结电脑上的所有音频。我尝试在设备插入和拔出的情况下重新启动，结果都是音频冻结。所以我尝试了以下操作：

sudo apt-get remove alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo apt-get purge alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo apt-get install alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo start-pulseaudio-x11 start

这些似乎都无法解决音频问题。现在音频似乎勉强能用，但听起来像混响始终开启，或者环绕声始终开启。我无法完整地听清 mp3 歌曲文件 - 我听到了吉他、鼓声，但歌手的声音听起来像是在另一个频道。Youtube 播放的声音听起来像是在水下，有潺潺的水声。这真的很奇怪。

因此，我升级到 Xubuntu 17.10.1 的原因在于，我以为升级到较新的版本可以解决上述音频问题。但事实并非如此。音频仍然像以前一样。

我主要使用插入前面的 2 声道耳机，但主板背面有 5.1 音频输出，我很少使用。

以下是使用以下终端命令的输出：

$ sudo aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC662 rev3 Analog [ALC662 rev3 Analog]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
---------------------------

$ sudo lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio"
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
    Subsystem: Lenovo 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
    Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 30
    Memory at f7d00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
    Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
    Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
    Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
    Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
    Capabilities: [130] Root Complex Link
---------------------------

$ cat /proc/asound/version
Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version k4.13.0-32-generic.
--------------------------

$ cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#* | grep Codec
Codec: Realtek ALC662 rev3
Codec: Intel CougarPoint HDMI
-------------------------

$ cat /proc/asound/cards
 0 [PCH            ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH
                      HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7d00000 irq 30
 1 [U0x46d0x9a4    ]: USB-Audio - USB Device 0x46d:0x9a4
                      USB Device 0x46d:0x9a4 at usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.4, high speed
-------------------------

$ lsusb
Bus 002 Device 005: ID 045e:0745 Microsoft Corp. Nano Transceiver v1.0 for Bluetooth
Bus 002 Device 006: ID 0480:0212 Toshiba America Inc 
Bus 002 Device 004: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. Hub
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bda:0184 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTS5182 Card Reader
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 046d:09a4 Logitech, Inc. QuickCam E 3500
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0764:0501 Cyber Power System, Inc. CP1500 AVR UPS
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
-------------------------

$ pactl list short sources
0   alsa_input.usb-046d_09a4_1D90F520-02.analog-mono    module-alsa-card.c  s16le 1ch 16000Hz   SUSPENDED
1   alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor  module-alsa-card.c  s16le 2ch 44100Hz   SUSPENDED
-------------------------

$ pactl list short sinks
0   alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo  module-alsa-card.c  s16le 2ch 44100Hz   SUSPENDED
-------------------------

$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
  * index: 0
    name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
    state: SUSPENDED
    suspend cause: IDLE 
    priority: 9959
    volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
    volume steps: 65537
    muted: no
    current latency: 0.00 ms
    max request: 0 KiB
    max rewind: 0 KiB
    monitor source: 1
    sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    channel map: front-left,front-right
                 Stereo
    used by: 0
    linked by: 0
    configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 371.52 ms
    card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
    module: 7
    properties:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "ALC662 rev3 Analog"
        alsa.id = "ALC662 rev3 Analog"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "0"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7d00000 irq 30"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "8086"
        device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
        device.product.id = "1c20"
        device.product.name = "6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "front:0"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
        device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC662 rev3"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0662,17aa3653,00100300 HDA:80862805,80860101,00100000"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    ports:
        analog-output-lineout: Line Out (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:

        analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
    active port: <analog-output-headphones>
---------------------------------

任何帮助都会得到谦卑而慷慨的接受。由于过去 2 年多来我一直只使用 Xubuntu，如果没有 AskUbuntu 的帮助，我真的无法坚持下去。感谢大家多年来提供的所有答案。

那么。我的音频出了什么问题？为什么播放所有内容时我听到的声音都像混响？我没有添加任何类型的音频效果。

根据此处提供的说明，我正在考虑编辑以下文件： https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1043568

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
# add at the very bottom of the page 
options snd-hda-intel model=lenovo-3000 position_fix=1

如果问题得到解决，我将发布更新。

更新（1-2018）：

  1. 我应用了以下编辑：
  2. sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
  3. << 在页面最底部添加 >>
  4. 选项 snd-hda-intel 型号=lenovo 3stack-6ch-dig position_fix=1

我发现如果我调整平衡（使用 GNOME Alsa Mixer 或 Qasmixer）到最右或最左，音频听起来正确且居中，混响和水下效果消失，甚至 Youtube 视频听起来也很正确。

不确定此更新是否是众所周知的修复。我的意思是，为什么我需要一直向右或向左调整平衡？

新更新 (2-2018)：

我刚刚发现音频效果只用耳机就很好，但是使用 PC 扬声器时，只有左声道可以工作。使用 PC 扬声器时，右声道完全无用。

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