有时我尝试打开某个程序或只是在笔记本电脑上工作，系统就会终止我的会话并显示登录屏幕，就像我重新启动了计算机一样。请注意，计算机没有重新启动，只是我的用户会话被终止了，但不像我注销了，而有点像中断，终止所有进程并显示登录表单。在我的电脑上，journalctl -xe我有这样的消息：gnome-session-binary[5017]: CRITICAL: We failed, but the fail whale is dead. Sorry....。这似乎是随机发生的，但今天当我启动 Postman 时发生了。这是从启动 Postman 到重新启动会话并显示登录的完整日志：
okt 22 15:38:16 kosta-lenovo com.canonical.Unity.Scope.Applications[4867]: Error loading package indexes: Couldn't stat '/var/cache/software-center/xapian'
okt 22 15:38:16 kosta-lenovo com.canonical.Unity.Scope.Applications[4867]: (unity-scope-loader:18305): unity-applications-daemon-CRITICAL **: daemon.vala:144: Failed to load Software Center index. 'Apps Available for Download' will not be listed
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[949]: USER_AVC pid=949 uid=106 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 msg='apparmor="DENIED" operation="dbus_method_call" bus="system" path="/" interface="org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager" member="GetManagedObjects" mask="send" name="org.bluez" pid=18352 label="snap.postman.postman" peer_pid=1069 peer_label="unconfined"
exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=106 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1107 audit(1540215517.058:49): pid=949 uid=106 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 msg='apparmor="DENIED" operation="dbus_method_call" bus="system" path="/" interface="org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager" member="GetManagedObjects" mask="send" name="org.bluez" pid=18352 label="snap.postman.postman" peer_pid=1069 peer_label="unconfined"
exe="/usr/bin/dbus-daemon" sauid=106 hostname=? addr=? terminal=?'
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/etc/pulse/client.conf" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=0
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1477554153" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-3952512136" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4005146755" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-162037911" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:50): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/etc/pulse/client.conf" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=0
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:51): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1477554153" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:52): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-3952512136" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:53): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4005146755" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:54): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-162037911" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:55): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-758373397" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:56): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-264806627" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:57): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1076741062" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo kernel: audit: type=1400 audit(1540215517.678:58): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4189961922" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-758373397" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-264806627" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1076741062" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4189961922" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-800050483" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="mknod" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-2592753161" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="c" denied_mask="c" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1477554153" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-3952512136" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4005146755" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-162037911" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-758373397" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-264806627" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-1076741062" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-4189961922" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/dev/shm/pulse-shm-800050483" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:37 kosta-lenovo audit[18352]: AVC apparmor="DENIED" operation="connect" profile="snap.postman.postman" name="/run/user/1000/pulse/native" pid=18352 comm="Postman" requested_mask="wr" denied_mask="wr" fsuid=1000 ouid=1000
okt 22 15:38:38 kosta-lenovo io.snapcraft.Settings[4867]: userd.go:74: Starting snap userd
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: [5271:5271:1022/153842.881517:ERROR:chrome_browser_main_extra_parts_x11.cc(62)] X IO error received (X server probably went away)
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: [5682:5682:1022/153842.884635:ERROR:x11_util.cc(103)] X IO error received (X server probably went away)
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: shutter: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: terminator: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo org.freedesktop.Notifications[4867]: (notify-osd:5122): Gdk-WARNING **: notify-osd: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (unity-fallback-mount-helper:5263): Gdk-WARNING **: unity-fallback-mount-helper: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo org.a11y.atspi.Registry[5027]: XIO: fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server ":0"
okt 22 15:38:42 kosta-lenovo org.a11y.atspi.Registry[5027]: after 60293 requests (60293 known processed) with 0 events remaining.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (nautilus:5259): Gdk-WARNING **: nautilus: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo bluetoothd[1069]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.79 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo bluetoothd[1069]: Endpoint unregistered: sender=:1.79 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (nm-applet:5254): Gdk-WARNING **: nm-applet: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (update-notifier:6692): Gdk-WARNING **: update-notifier: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1:5262): Gdk-WARNING **: polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (gnome-software:5255): Gdk-WARNING **: gnome-software: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :0.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo polkitd(authority=local)[1048]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-session:c2 (system bus name :1.83, object path /org/gnome/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale en_US.UTF-8) (disconnected from bus)
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo kernel: [drm] Reducing the compressed framebuffer size. This may lead to less power savings than a non-reduced-size. Try to increase stolen memory size if available in BIOS.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: Failed to connect to Mir: Failed to connect to server socket: No such file or directory
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: Unable to init server: Could not connect: Connection refused
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1:18689): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: :0
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: gnome-session-binary[5017]: WARNING: Lost name on bus: org.gnome.SessionManager
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: gnome-session-binary[5017]: CRITICAL: We failed, but the fail whale is dead. Sorry....
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session-binary[5017]: WARNING: Lost name on bus: org.gnome.SessionManager
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session-binary[5017]: CRITICAL: We failed, but the fail whale is dead. Sorry....
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (deja-dup-monitor:6859): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: Owner of volume monitor org.gtk.vfs.AfcVolumeMonitor disconnected from the bus; removing drives/volumes/mounts
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo io.snapcraft.Settings[4867]: Exiting on terminated.
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (deja-dup-monitor:6859): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: Owner of volume monitor org.gtk.vfs.UDisks2VolumeMonitor disconnected from the bus; removing drives/volumes/mounts
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (deja-dup-monitor:6859): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: Owner of volume monitor org.gtk.vfs.MTPVolumeMonitor disconnected from the bus; removing drives/volumes/mounts
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (deja-dup-monitor:6859): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: Owner of volume monitor org.gtk.vfs.GoaVolumeMonitor disconnected from the bus; removing drives/volumes/mounts
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: (deja-dup-monitor:6859): GVFS-RemoteVolumeMonitor-WARNING **: Owner of volume monitor org.gtk.vfs.GPhoto2VolumeMonitor disconnected from the bus; removing drives/volumes/mounts
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo gnome-session[5017]: ** (zeitgeist-datahub:6365): WARNING **: zeitgeist-datahub.vala:229: Unable to get name "org.gnome.zeitgeist.datahub" on the bus!
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo org.gnome.zeitgeist.SimpleIndexer[4867]: (zeitgeist-fts:6383): GLib-GIO-WARNING **: Error releasing name org.gnome.zeitgeist.SimpleIndexer: The connection is closed
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo org.gnome.zeitgeist.SimpleIndexer[4867]: ** (zeitgeist-fts:6383): WARNING **: zeitgeist-fts.vala:252: The connection is closed
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo org.gnome.zeitgeist.Engine[4867]: (zeitgeist-daemon:6376): GLib-GIO-WARNING **: Error releasing name org.gnome.zeitgeist.Engine: The connection is closed
okt 22 15:38:43 kosta-lenovo org.gnome.zeitgeist.Engine[4867]: [13:38:43.891159 WARNING] zeitgeist-daemon.vala:449: The connection is closed
okt 22 15:38:45 kosta-lenovo lightdm[18734]: PAM unable to dlopen(pam_kwallet.so): /lib/security/pam_kwallet.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
okt 22 15:38:45 kosta-lenovo lightdm[18734]: PAM adding faulty module: pam_kwallet.so
okt 22 15:38:45 kosta-lenovo lightdm[18734]: PAM unable to dlopen(pam_kwallet5.so): /lib/security/pam_kwallet5.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
okt 22 15:38:45 kosta-lenovo lightdm[18734]: PAM adding faulty module: pam_kwallet5.so
如果您需要其他信息或日志，请询问，因为我不知道该去哪里查找。谢谢。
编辑
以下是基于@heynnema 评论的附加输出：
$ grep -i sda /var/log/syslog*
/var/log/syslog:Oct 21 14:04:23 kosta-lenovo kernel: [22074.108380] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog:Oct 21 14:04:23 kosta-lenovo kernel: [22074.108638] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog:Oct 21 14:04:23 kosta-lenovo kernel: [22075.794605] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
/var/log/syslog:Oct 22 08:49:55 kosta-lenovo kernel: [25775.145317] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog:Oct 22 08:49:55 kosta-lenovo kernel: [25775.145571] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog:Oct 22 08:49:55 kosta-lenovo kernel: [25775.830958] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
/var/log/syslog:Oct 22 09:26:32 kosta-lenovo os-prober: debug: /dev/sda2: DOS extended partition; skipping
/var/log/syslog:Oct 22 09:26:32 kosta-lenovo os-prober: debug: /dev/sda5: is active swap
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:16:54 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21128.508939] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:16:54 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21128.509217] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:16:54 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21129.702197] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:18:01 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21158.884408] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:18:01 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21158.884706] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:18:01 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21160.112390] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:19:39 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21189.408117] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:19:39 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21189.408374] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 19 18:19:39 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21190.641581] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 21 13:35:20 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21219.891444] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 21 13:35:20 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21219.891784] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk
/var/log/syslog.1:Oct 21 13:35:20 kosta-lenovo kernel: [21221.188310] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
和
$ ls -al /var/crash
total 3660
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 okt 22 16:02 .
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 mar 15 2018 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root whoopsie 0 okt 22 15:38 .lock
-rw-r----- 1 kostandin whoopsie 407658 okt 22 15:38 _sbin_upstart.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 kostandin whoopsie 265858 okt 15 01:10 _usr_bin_update-manager.1000.crash
-rw-rw-r-- 1 kostandin whoopsie 0 okt 15 01:10 _usr_bin_update-manager.1000.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 0 okt 15 01:10 _usr_bin_update-manager.1000.uploaded
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 3059842 okt 22 15:57 _usr_sbin_apache2.0.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 root whoopsie 0 okt 22 15:57 _usr_sbin_apache2.0.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 0 okt 22 16:02 _usr_sbin_apache2.0.uploaded
编辑2
命令输出sudo debsums -s：
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/config.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/cupshelpers.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/installdriver.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/openprinting.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/ppds.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: changed file /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/cupshelpers/__pycache__/xmldriverprefs.cpython-35.pyc (from python3-cupshelpers package)
debsums: missing file /usr/lib/rhythmbox/plugins/rbzeitgeist/__pycache__/rbzeitgeist.cpython-35.opt-1.pyc (from rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist package)
debsums: missing file /usr/lib/rhythmbox/plugins/rbzeitgeist/__pycache__/rbzeitgeist.cpython-35.pyc (from rhythmbox-plugin-zeitgeist package)
@xenoid，我没有任何文件/var/log/X.*.log，但我有这些：
$ ll /var/log/X*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 50K okt 22 23:52 /var/log/Xorg.0.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44K okt 22 22:41 /var/log/Xorg.0.log.old
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 55K apr 27 10:42 /var/log/Xorg.1.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 53K apr 27 09:42 /var/log/Xorg.1.log.old
编辑3
笔记本电脑信息：联想 Yoga 3 Pro：
- 处理器：Intel® 处理器 5Y70 CPU @ 1.10GHz × 4
- 显卡：英特尔® 高清显卡 5300 (Broadwell GT2)
- Ubuntu 16.04，内核版本 4.15.0-36-generic
输出sudo lshw -c memory：
$ sudo lshw -c memory
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: LENOVO
physical id: 0
version: A6CN47WW
date: 12/08/2014
size: 128KiB
capacity: 6080KiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L1 Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back instruction
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L2 Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2
description: L3 cache
physical id: 8
slot: L3 Cache
size: 4MiB
capacity: 4MiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=3
*-cache
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1 Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back data
configuration: level=1
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 24
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 8GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM Synchronous 1600 MHz (0,6 ns)
vendor: 0000
physical id: 0
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelA-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM Synchronous 1600 MHz (0,6 ns)
vendor: 0000
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: ChannelB-DIMM0
size: 4GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1600MHz (0.6ns)
输出$ dpkg -l *gnome*（无法再粘贴到这里）：
https://pastebin.com/kfK9664L
答案1
因为我们拥有的太少具体的数据继续，问题无处不在，我们必须先消除一大堆基础知识。
我们使用以下方法检查硬盘问题聪明的和
/var/log/syslog*，没有发现任何问题。现在我们将做一些基本的测试...
步骤1：
让我们首先检查您的文件系统是否有错误。
要检查 Ubuntu 分区上的文件系统...
- 启动到 GRUB 菜单
- 选择高级选项
- 选择恢复模式
- 选择 Root 访问
- 在 # 提示符下，输入
sudo fsck -f / fsck如果有错误则重复命令- 类型
reboot
如果由于某种原因您无法执行上述操作...
- 启动至 Ubuntu Live DVD/USB
- 启动
gparted并确定哪个 /dev/sdaX 是你的 Ubuntu EXT4 分区 - 辞职
gparted - 打开
terminal窗户 - 输入
sudo fsck -f /dev/sdaX# 用你之前找到的数字替换 X - 如果有错误，请重复 fsck 命令
- 类型
reboot
第2步：
去这里并暂时禁用所有 GNOME 扩展。同时显示ls -al .local/share/gnome-shell/extensions。将该输出放入您的原始问题中。
步骤#3：
在 中terminal输入：
sudo debsums -s
并将该输出编辑到您的原始问题中。向@heynnema 发送评论，让我知道已完成，以便我可以查看。
步骤4：
启动 Ubuntu Live DVD/USB 并memtest至少完整运行一次。报告结果。
更新＃1：
如果您需要 LTS，我建议您降级到 xubuntu/lubuntu 18.04，或者更好的是 18.10。请先做好备份。