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如何通过 ssh 进入 LXD 客户机？

tag-icon • tag-icon permissions ssh kvm-virtualization lxd
如何通过 ssh 进入 LXD 客户机？

我有一个主持人带有 LXD 的机器（带有 Kubuntu 18.04 的 KVM）客人（基于ubuntu18.04镜像）。

我可以从客户机 ssh 到主机。

但尝试从主机 ssh 到客户机时会出现

权限被拒绝（公钥）

错误

重现步骤：

  • lxc exec 进入客户机
  • 使用 ubuntu 用户执行登录（以避免 root 权限问题）
  • ssh 到主机 -成功
  • 退出用户 ubuntu - 从访客退出
  • 从主机 ssh 进入 ubuntu@guest -错误

我做错了什么？

以下是完整的会议记录

sysop@kvmneo4j:~$ lxc list
+----------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+
|   NAME   |  STATE  |       IPV4        | IPV6 |    TYPE    | SNAPSHOTS |
+----------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+
| base1804 | RUNNING | 10.0.0.205 (eth0) |      | PERSISTENT | 0         |
+----------+---------+-------------------+------+------------+-----------+
sysop@kvmneo4j:~$ lxc exec base1804 bash
root@base1804:~# exec login ubuntu
Password: 
Last login: Wed Jan  2 18:58:10 UTC 2019 on UNKNOWN
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.15.0-43-generic x86_64)

* Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage

System information as of Wed Jan  2 19:02:28 UTC 2019

System load:    1.69      Processes:           22
Usage of /home: unknown   Users logged in:     0
Memory usage:   1%        IP address for eth0: 10.0.0.205
Swap usage:     0%


Get cloud support with Ubuntu Advantage Cloud Guest:
    http://www.ubuntu.com/business/services/cloud

0 packages can be updated.
0 updates are security updates.

Failed to connect to https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts. Check your Internet connection or proxy settings


To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.

ubuntu@base1804:~$ ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password: 
Welcome to Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.15.0-43-generic x86_64)

* Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage


* Canonical Livepatch is available for installation.
- Reduce system reboots and improve kernel security. Activate at:
    https://ubuntu.com/livepatch
Failed to connect to https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts. Check your Internet connection or proxy settings

Last login: Wed Jan  2 19:58:42 2019 from 10.0.0.205
sysop@kvmneo4j:~$ logout
Connection to 10.0.0.1 closed.
ubuntu@base1804:~$ logout
sysop@kvmneo4j:~$ ssh -v [email protected]
OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1, OpenSSL 1.0.2n  7 Dec 2017
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 10.0.0.205 [10.0.0.205] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.6p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to 10.0.0.205:22 as 'ubuntu'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:i0Ezo01qJyhIue4PIRobOw/qKuvDW/7OJZzgB0X5jGM
debug1: Host '10.0.0.205' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/sysop/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: RSA SHA256:EfYKpv5N+M8YBgCFjjy3P9M0jYt7DObq9ApoZ0G8qL4 /home/sysop/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/sysop/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/sysop/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).
sysop@kvmneo4j:~$

答案1

公钥可用于身份验证。

  1. 将公钥添加到容器上的授权密钥：
cat <public_key_file_on_host> | lxc exec <container> -- sh -c "cat >> /home/ubuntu/.ssh/authorized_keys"
  1. 重新启动 ssh 守护进程：
lxc exec <container> -- systemctl restart ssh
  1. 以 ubuntu 身份通过 ssh 进入容器
ssh ubuntu@<container_ip>

笔记：

  • 例如<public_key_file_on_host>：（~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub或者用 生成一个新的ssh-keygen -t rsa）
  • <container_ip>可以通过以下方式获得lxc list
  • 要直接使用容器名称而不是 IP，请尝试
    1. sudo systemd-resolve --interface=lxdbr0 --set-dns=`ip -f inet addr show dev lxdbr0 | grep -Po 'inet \K[\d.]+'` --set-domain=lxd
    2. ssh ubuntu@<container>.lxd

答案2

默认情况下，所有容器的 Ubuntu映像都在其 SSH 配置中lxd设置。PasswordAuthentication no

您需要直接进入容器并编辑配置root。

（1）lxc shell CONTAINER-NAME将会把你丢进一个rootshell 中。

（2）nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config将使用nano文本编辑器打开该文件。

（3）找到该线PasswordAuthentication no并将其设置为yes。

（4）Ctrl+W写入文件，Ctrl+X关闭文件。

（5）使用 . 重新启动 SSH 服务systemctl restart ssh（如果提示您没有权限，请将其添加sudo到命令前面）

现在您应该能够从主机系统通过 SSH 进入容器。

答案3

从客人处尝试：

ssh -A host

然后从主机：

ssh final-destination

“-A”将您的代理从客户机转发到主机。

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