我的 SD 卡读卡器突然停止工作，因此我尝试使用外部 SD 卡读卡器，但结果发现 USB 设备也无法识别。
以下是完整输出lspci -v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
Kernel driver in use: ivb_uncore
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 27
Memory at c2000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at 4000 [size=64]
[virtual] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [a4] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family MEI Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 28
Memory at c2604000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at c2609000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
Capabilities: [98] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 29
Memory at c2600000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [130] Root Complex Link
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: c2500000-c25fffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff
Memory behind bridge: c1000000-c1ffffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000c0000000-00000000c0ffffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19
Bus: primary=00, secondary=08, subordinate=08, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00002000-00002fff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000c2400000-00000000c24fffff
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 2
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23
Memory at c2608000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
Capabilities: [98] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM75 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company HM75 Express Chipset LPC Controller
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich
Kernel modules: lpc_ich
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode]
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 26
I/O ports at 4088 [size=8]
I/O ports at 4094 [size=4]
I/O ports at 4080 [size=8]
I/O ports at 4090 [size=4]
I/O ports at 4060 [size=32]
Memory at c2607000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0
Capabilities: [b0] PCI Advanced Features
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family SMBus Controller
Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 21
Memory at c2605000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
I/O ports at 4040 [size=32]
Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
01:00.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Ralink RT3290LE 802.11bgn 1x1 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 Combo Adapter
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at c2510000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number 00-00-87-05-a0-dc-84-0c
Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci
Kernel modules: rt2800pci
01:00.1 Bluetooth: Ralink corp. RT3290 Bluetooth
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Ralink RT3290LE 802.11bgn 1x1 Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 4.0 Combo Adapter
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 7
Memory at c2500000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number 00-00-88-05-a0-dc-84-0c
02:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5229 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTS5229 PCI Express Card Reader
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 24
Memory at c1000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-01-00-4c-e0-00
Kernel driver in use: rtsx_pci
Kernel modules: rtsx_pci
08:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 07)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19
I/O ports at 2000 [size=256]
Memory at c2404000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=4K]
Memory at c2400000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 01
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=4 Masked-
Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 0d-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
另外，每次插入 SD 卡时都会出现检查dmesg消息mmc0: error -110 whilst initialising SD card。当我连接 USB 设备（如 SD 卡）时，我真的不知道在哪里检查是否有消息。有什么想法吗？我不认为读卡器或所有 USB 端口突然坏了，我之前一定搞砸了什么，但记不起是什么了。