我在联想 ideapad 130s 上安装 ubuntu 18.04 时遇到了问题。
当 LiveUSB（由 rufus 创建）启动时，启动 GUI 需要很长时间（大约 50 分钟！），并且 cqhci 会因标签 4 和标签 26 错误而超时。最后，当我尝试在 eMMC 上安装 Ubuntu 时，libparted 会在安装过程中出现 ERROR fsyncing/closing /dev/mmcblk0 输入/输出错误。
这是系统日志的一部分（错误在前 1400 秒内重复出现！）
Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.003529] scsi host0: ahci Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.007126] mmc0: CQHCI version 5.10 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.012278] scsi host1: ahci Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.013217] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xa131c000 port 0xa131c100 irq 126 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.014119] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m2048@0xa131c000 port 0xa131c180 irq 126 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.015145] mmc0: SDHCI controller on PCI [0000:00:1c.0] using ADMA 64-bit Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.080717] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=1e3d, idProduct=2092, bcdDevice= 1.00 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.081597] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.082427] usb 1-1: Product: Flash Disk
Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.083242] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: CBM
Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.084041] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 101528007B4E6801 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.096905] mmc0: Command Queue Engine enabled Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.097723] mmc0: new HS400 MMC card at address 0001 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.101367] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 MMC32G 28.5 GiB Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.102254] mmcblk0boot0: mmc0:0001 MMC32G partition 1 4.00 MiB Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.103144] mmcblk0boot1: mmc0:0001 MMC32G partition 2 4.00 MiB Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.103999] mmcblk0rpmb: mmc0:0001 MMC32G partition 3 4.00 MiB, chardev (240:0) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.212203] usb 1-7: new full-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.332537] ata2: SATA link down (SStatus 4 SControl 300) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.333370] ata1: SATA link down (SStatus 4 SControl 300) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.361402] usb 1-7: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=c024, bcdDevice= 1.10 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.362230] usb 1-7: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.363050] usb 1-7: Product: Bluetooth Radio Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.363857] usb 1-7: Manufacturer: Realtek Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.364705] usb 1-7: SerialNumber: 00e04c000001 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.492193] usb 1-8: new high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.660099] usb 1-8: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5627, bcdDevice= 0.01 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.660987] usb 1-8: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.661861] usb 1-8: Product: EasyCamera Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.662717] usb 1-8: Manufacturer: 8SSC20R48189A2YD8AW9665 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.663568] usb 1-8: SerialNumber: 200901010001 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.672226] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.673367] scsi host2: usb-storage 1-1:1.0 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.674326] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 3.676766] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.704779] scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access CBM Flash Disk 5.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.706107] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.708094] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 16367616 512-byte logical blocks: (8.38 GB/7.80 GiB) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.709129] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.710025] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 0b 00 00 08 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.710185] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.711070] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.717790] sda: sda1 sda2 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.721294] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.722965] random: fast init done Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.790961] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.790983] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 4.791847] random: systemd-udevd: uninitialized urandom read (16 bytes read) Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.480215] mmc0: cqhci: timeout for tag 29 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.481069] mmc0: cqhci: ============ CQHCI REGISTER DUMP =========== Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.481867] mmc0: cqhci: Caps: 0x000030c0 | Version: 0x00000510 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.482669] mmc0: cqhci: Config: 0x00000101 | Control: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.483458] mmc0: cqhci: Int stat: 0x00000000 | Int enab: 0x00000006 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.484236] mmc0: cqhci: Int sig: 0x00000006 | Int Coal: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.485015] mmc0: cqhci: TDL base: 0x6ef19000 | TDL up32: 0x00000001 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.485781] mmc0: cqhci: Doorbell: 0x20000000 | TCN: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.486519] mmc0: cqhci: Dev queue: 0x00000000 | Dev Pend: 0x20000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.487265] mmc0: cqhci: Task clr: 0x00000000 | SSC1: 0x00010008 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.488011] mmc0: cqhci: SSC2: 0x00000001 | DCMD rsp: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.488741] mmc0: cqhci: RED mask: 0xfdf9a080 | TERRI: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.489483] mmc0: cqhci: Resp idx: 0x0000000d | Resp arg: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.490220] mmc0: sdhci: ============ SDHCI REGISTER DUMP =========== Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.490963] mmc0: sdhci: Sys addr: 0x00000000 | Version: 0x00001002 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.491706] mmc0: sdhci: Blk size: 0x00007080 | Blk cnt: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.492438] mmc0: sdhci: Argument: 0x00018000 | Trn mode: 0x00000010 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.493178] mmc0: sdhci: Present: 0x1fff0001 | Host ctl: 0x0000003c Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.493904] mmc0: sdhci: Power: 0x0000000b | Blk gap: 0x00000080 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.494621] mmc0: sdhci: Wake-up: 0x00000000 | Clock: 0x00000007 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.495326] mmc0: sdhci: Timeout: 0x0000000e | Int stat: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.496031] mmc0: sdhci: Int enab: 0x02ff4000 | Sig enab: 0x02ff4000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.496730] mmc0: sdhci: AC12 err: 0x00000000 | Slot int: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.497420] mmc0: sdhci: Caps: 0x546ec881 | Caps_1: 0x80000807 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.498095] mmc0: sdhci: Cmd: 0x00000d1a | Max curr: 0x00000000 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.498789] mmc0: sdhci: Resp[0]: 0x00000000 | Resp[1]: 0xffffffff Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.499477] mmc0: sdhci: Resp[2]: 0x320f5903 | Resp[3]: 0x00d04f01 Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.500151] mmc0: sdhci: Host ctl2: 0x0000008d Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.500798] mmc0: sdhci: ADMA Err: 0x00000000 | ADMA Ptr: 0x000000016f37420c Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.501465] mmc0: sdhci: ============================================ Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 64.502186] mmc0: running CQE recovery Mar 17 10:00:07 ideapad-S130 kernel: [ 125.920199] mmc0: cqhci: timeout for tag 29 Mar 17 10:00:0
eMMC 是 HS400（根据 dmesg），容量为 32GB。lsblk 显示 mmcblk0、mmcblk0boot0、mmcblk0boot1
gdisk /dev/mmcblk0 显示 MBD、BSD、APM、GPT 不存在，但还显示读取错误 5
fdisk 仅显示“无法打开 /dev/mmcblk0 输入/输出错误”
我知道 Medium 安装有效，因为我使用相同的记忆棒在配有 SSD 的 Lenovo 120s 上安装了 ubuntu。所以我猜想这与 130s 中使用的 eMMC 与 Linux 或安装程序结合使用有关。eMMC 没问题，因为启动 Windows 10 家庭版没有任何问题。
将 Windows 10 家庭版从 S 模式更改为非 S 模式。我尝试在 Windows 10 家庭版中禁用快速重启（以避免 Windows 锁定 emmc）。在 UEFI 中尝试了不同的设置（传统模式、UEFI 优先等），但我猜它应该可以使用与 120s 相同的设置。
MMC 驱动程序或内核是否存在问题？有人遇到过类似的问题吗？寻找其他答案，但没有找到。
还尝试了当前的 Fedora 进行交叉检查 - 在 rufus 中使用两个不同的 USB 棒 ISO 模式和 DD 模式来写入 USB 棒，但问题相同。
我陷入困境，希望得到您的帮助！提前致谢！
答案1
尝试了 Ubuntu 16.04 的 32 位映像并且成功了！
立即在 GUI 中启动，完全访问 /dev/mmcblk0，没有问题。
因此，它要么是新的内核版本，要么是 32 位版本或 64 位版本。
（联想 130s 中的赛扬 n4000 是 64 位 CPU，但我不太关心某些设备中 32 位 UEFI 与 64 位 CPU 结合使用的情况）
所以现在这个问题已经解决了，因为我知道这是一个 Ubuntu 错误，而不是设备错误。