我按照这个帖子更改了我的用户名：我如何更改我的用户名？
这是几周前的事了，我刚刚遇到了第一个问题，Astropy（适用于 Python 2.7）在下载文件时遇到问题，因为它在错误的缓存文件夹中查找。错误消息：IOError：[Errno 2] 没有这样的文件或目录：u'/home/jill/.astropy/cache/download/py2/bf6211066f3d9a9b058d46183baba6ab'。（我的旧用户名是 jill，我可以看到这个文件存在于我的新主文件夹中）。
逐行调试后，似乎错误来自“Shelve”模块。也就是说，/home/jill 是 URL 中第一次引入的地方。
我尝试重新安装 python（sudo apt-get install --reinstall python2.7）并重新安装 astropy（pip2 uninstall astropy、pip2 install astropy）。
*Pycharm 上的完整错误消息：
File "/home/jpsotka/Dropbox/Colibri/Simulation/corrections.py", line 74, in get_zenith
elginfield_altaz = ecliptic(lat=elat*u.degree, lon=elon*u.degree).transform_to(AltAz(obstime=time, location=elginfield))
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/baseframe.py", line 934, in transform_to
return trans(self, new_frame)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py", line 1314, in __call__
curr_coord = t(curr_coord, curr_toframe)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py", line 914, in __call__
return supcall(fromcoord, toframe)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/builtin_frames/cirs_observed_transforms.py", line 53, in cirs_to_altaz
xp, yp = get_polar_motion(obstime)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/builtin_frames/utils.py", line 43, in get_polar_motion
xp, yp, status = iers.IERS_Auto.open().pm_xy(time, return_status=True)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/utils/iers/iers.py", line 600, in open
cls.iers_table = cls.read(file=filename)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/utils/iers/iers.py", line 456, in read
iers_a = Table.read(file, format='cds', readme=readme)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/table/table.py", line 2521, in read
out = io_registry.read(cls, *args, **kwargs)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/registry.py", line 531, in read
data = reader(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/ascii/connect.py", line 39, in io_read
return read(filename, format=format, **kwargs)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/ascii/ui.py", line 353, in read
dat = reader.read(table)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/ascii/cds.py", line 322, in read
return super(Cds, self).read(table)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/ascii/core.py", line 1159, in read
self.lines = self.inputter.get_lines(table)
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/io/ascii/core.py", line 296, in get_lines
encoding=self.encoding) as fileobj:
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 17, in __enter__
return self.gen.next()
File "/home/jpsotka/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/astropy/utils/data.py", line 206, in get_readable_fileobj
fileobj = open(name_or_obj, 'rb')
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: u'/home/jill/.astropy/cache/download/py2/bf6211066f3d9a9b058d46183baba6ab'
Process finished with exit code 1
答案1
如果你正在使用 astropy 1.0.10 或更高版本，这应该可以毫无问题地清除缓存：
#! /usr/bin/env python
from astropy.utils import data
data.clear_download_cache()
文档链接：
astropy.utils.data.clear_download_cache(hashorurl=None)通过删除本地文件来清除数据文件缓存。
参数： 哈希尔网址：字符串或者没有任何
如果为 None，则清除整个缓存。否则，指定应删除的缓存文件的哈希值，或应从缓存中删除的 URL（如果存在）。
https://docs.astropy.org/en/stable/api/astropy.utils.data.clear_download_cache.html
相关错误和拉取请求的链接：
答案2
我不知道有什么方法可以完全避免这种情况，即让 Python 跳过不存在的缓存。但是，有一种简单的方法可以让您的程序重新运行，那就是让文件夹中出现缓存（或任何资源）。您可以通过创建指向（真实）的/home/jill符号链接来执行此操作：/home/jill/home/jpsotka
sudo ln -s /home/jpsotka /home/jill
就这样。当然，如果jill系统上有另一个用户，则目录/home/jill已经存在，因此无法创建链接。
我认为过一段时间后缓存中的文件会被完全替换，然后您就可以删除该链接了：
sudo rm /home/jill
请注意，这确实不是 删除链接指向的文件夹，仅删除链接本身。