这是我的问题：
我的笔记本电脑是华硕 R409L，双启动 Windows 10 / Ubuntu 18.04。在 Win10 上运行时，我没有遇到任何无线网络问题。但在 Ubuntu 上运行时，与 Ralink RT3290 网络控制器的连接有时正常，但通常会失败。
这些连接问题大约始于 2019 年 12 月 28 日，之前一年多来一切都很好。当断线时，无线连接有时会随机恢复几分钟，然后再次断线。电脑上没有物理开关，只有一个键盘快捷键，当连接断线时不会改变情况。
从我在类似主题上找到的文章/论坛中，我尝试了一些命令来获取有关该问题的更多信息（当连接中断时）：
$ rfkill list
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: yes
###############################
$ iw dev | grep Interface
Interface wlp3s0f0
###############################
$ sudo ifconfig wlp3s0f0 up
SIOCSIFFLAGS: Operation not possible due to RF-kill
###############################
$ iwconfig
enp2s0 no wireless extensions.
wlp3s0f0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off
Retry short long limit:2 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
lo no wireless extensions.
###############################
$ ifconfig
enp2s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether <...> txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1303 bytes 1628255 (1.6 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 518 bytes 64881 (64.8 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 18
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 268 bytes 20683 (20.6 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 268 bytes 20683 (20.6 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
###############################
$ lspci -nn | grep -i net
02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA8171 Gigabit Ethernet [1969:10a1] (rev 10)
03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Ralink corp. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [1814:3290]
此外，我发现一条消息似乎dmesg在无线连接中断后运行时系统地出现（见附图）：根据本地选择取消...的身份验证
但我不知道该怎么做。我花了几个小时阅读与 RT3290 问题相关的答案，但大多数答案似乎都过时了。有人知道可能的解决方案吗？或者可能是我错过的论坛链接？
成立这发布之前，以便您可以获得所有无线信息：
########## wireless info START ##########
Report from: 09 Jan 2020 17:55 CET +0100
Booted last: 09 Jan 2020 00:00 CET +0100
Script from: 22 Oct 2018 03:34 UTC +0000
##### release ###########################
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release: 18.04
Codename: bionic
##### kernel ############################
Linux 5.0.0-37-generic #40~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Nov 14 12:06:39 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Parameters: ro, quiet, splash, vt.handoff=1
##### desktop ###########################
Ubuntu
##### lspci #############################
02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA8171 Gigabit Ethernet [1969:10a1] (rev 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. QCA8171 Gigabit Ethernet [1043:200f]
Kernel driver in use: alx
03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Ralink corp. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [1814:3290]
Subsystem: Foxconn International, Inc. RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe [105b:e055]
Kernel driver in use: rt2800pci
##### lsusb #############################
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 046d:c52f Logitech, Inc. Unifying Receiver
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0bda:57b4 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
##### PCMCIA card info ##################
##### rfkill ############################
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: yes
##### secure boot #######################
SecureBoot disabled
##### lsmod #############################
rt2800pci 16384 0
rt2800mmio 16384 1 rt2800pci
rt2800lib 118784 2 rt2800mmio,rt2800pci
rt2x00pci 16384 1 rt2800pci
rt2x00mmio 16384 2 rt2800mmio,rt2800pci
asus_nb_wmi 28672 0
rt2x00lib 57344 5 rt2x00mmio,rt2x00pci,rt2800mmio,rt2800pci,rt2800lib
asus_wmi 28672 1 asus_nb_wmi
sparse_keymap 16384 1 asus_wmi
mac80211 819200 3 rt2x00pci,rt2x00lib,rt2800lib
mxm_wmi 16384 1 nouveau
cfg80211 679936 2 rt2x00lib,mac80211
eeprom_93cx6 16384 1 rt2800pci
wmi 28672 3 asus_wmi,mxm_wmi,nouveau
video 49152 3 asus_wmi,i915,nouveau
##### interfaces ########################
[/etc/network/interfaces]
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
##### ifconfig ##########################
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback <MAC address> brd <MAC address>
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp2s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether <MAC 'enp2s0' [IF1]> brd <MAC address>
3: wlp3s0f0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether <MAC 'wlp3s0f0' [IF2]> brd <MAC address>
##### iwconfig ##########################
enp2s0 no wireless extensions.
lo no wireless extensions.
wlp3s0f0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off
Retry short long limit:2 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
##### route #############################
##### resolv.conf #######################
[777 root '/etc/resolv.conf' -> '../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf']
nameserver 127.0.0.53
options edns0
##### network managers ##################
Installed:
NetworkManager
Running:
root 813 1 0 16:56 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon
##### NetworkManager info ###############
GENERAL.DEVICE: enp2s0
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceEthernet
GENERAL.VENDOR: Qualcomm Atheros
GENERAL.PRODUCT: QCA8171 Gigabit Ethernet
GENERAL.DRIVER: alx
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: --
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: --
GENERAL.HWADDR: <MAC 'enp2s0' [IF1]>
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 20 (unavailable)
GENERAL.REASON: 40 (Carrier/link changed)
GENERAL.UDI: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.2/0000:02:00.0/net/enp2s0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: --
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: no
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: yes
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: --
GENERAL.CON-UUID: --
GENERAL.CON-PATH: --
GENERAL.METERED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: yes
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: 1000 Mb/s
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: no
CAPABILITIES.SRIOV: no
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: off
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS: --
GENERAL.DEVICE: wlp3s0f0
GENERAL.TYPE: wifi
GENERAL.NM-TYPE: NMDeviceWifi
GENERAL.VENDOR: Ralink corp.
GENERAL.PRODUCT: RT3290 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R PCIe
GENERAL.DRIVER: rt2800pci
GENERAL.DRIVER-VERSION: 5.0.0-37-generic
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-VERSION: N/A
GENERAL.HWADDR: <MAC 'wlp3s0f0' [IF2]>
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 20 (unavailable)
GENERAL.REASON: 0 (No reason given)
GENERAL.UDI: /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.3/0000:03:00.0/net/wlp3s0f0
GENERAL.IP-IFACE: --
GENERAL.IS-SOFTWARE: no
GENERAL.NM-MANAGED: yes
GENERAL.AUTOCONNECT: yes
GENERAL.FIRMWARE-MISSING: no
GENERAL.NM-PLUGIN-MISSING: no
GENERAL.PHYS-PORT-ID: --
GENERAL.CONNECTION: --
GENERAL.CON-UUID: --
GENERAL.CON-PATH: --
GENERAL.METERED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.CARRIER-DETECT: no
CAPABILITIES.SPEED: unknown
CAPABILITIES.IS-SOFTWARE: no
CAPABILITIES.SRIOV: no
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WEP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WPA: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.WPA2: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.TKIP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.CCMP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.AP: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.ADHOC: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.2GHZ: yes
WIFI-PROPERTIES.5GHZ: no
CONNECTIONS.AVAILABLE-CONNECTION-PATHS: --
SSID BSSID MODE CHAN FREQ RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY ACTIVE IN-USE
##### NetworkManager.state ##############
[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true
##### NetworkManager config #############
[[/etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/default-wifi-powersave-on.conf]]
[connection]
wifi.powersave = 3
[[/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf]]
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
[ifupdown]
managed=false
[device]
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no
[[/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-dns-resolved.conf]]
[main]
dns=systemd-resolved
[[/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf]]
[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=*,except:type:wifi,except:type:wwan
[[/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/20-connectivity-ubuntu.conf]]
[connectivity]
uri=http://connectivity-check.ubuntu.com/
[[/usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/no-mac-addr-change.conf]]
[device-mac-addr-change-wifi]
match-device=driver:rtl8723bs,driver:rtl8189es,driver:r8188eu,driver:8188eu,driver:eagle_sdio,driver:wl
wifi.scan-rand-mac-address=no
wifi.cloned-mac-address=preserve
ethernet.cloned-mac-address=preserve
##### NetworkManager profiles ###########
##### Netplan config ####################
[/etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml]
network:
version: 2
renderer: NetworkManager
##### iw reg get ########################
Region: Europe/Paris (based on set time zone)
global
country 00: DFS-UNSET
(2402 - 2472 @ 40), (N/A, 20), (N/A)
(2457 - 2482 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN
(2474 - 2494 @ 20), (N/A, 20), (N/A), NO-OFDM, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5170 - 5250 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5250 - 5330 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, AUTO-BW, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5490 - 5730 @ 160), (N/A, 20), (0 ms), DFS, PASSIVE-SCAN
(5735 - 5835 @ 80), (N/A, 20), (N/A), PASSIVE-SCAN
(57240 - 63720 @ 2160), (N/A, 0), (N/A)
##### iwlist channels ###################
enp2s0 no frequency information.
lo no frequency information.
wlp3s0f0 14 channels in total; available frequencies :
Channel 01 : 2.412 GHz
Channel 02 : 2.417 GHz
Channel 03 : 2.422 GHz
Channel 04 : 2.427 GHz
Channel 05 : 2.432 GHz
Channel 06 : 2.437 GHz
Channel 07 : 2.442 GHz
Channel 08 : 2.447 GHz
Channel 09 : 2.452 GHz
Channel 10 : 2.457 GHz
Channel 11 : 2.462 GHz
Channel 12 : 2.467 GHz
Channel 13 : 2.472 GHz
Channel 14 : 2.484 GHz
##### iwlist scan #######################
enp2s0 Interface doesn't support scanning.
wlp3s0f0 Interface doesn't support scanning : Network is down
lo Interface doesn't support scanning.
##### module infos ######################
[rt2800pci]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2800pci.ko
license: GPL
firmware: rt2860.bin
description: Ralink RT2800 PCI & PCMCIA Wireless LAN driver.
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: E7616298EEB7610CA2A53AF
depends: rt2x00lib,rt2800lib,rt2800mmio,rt2x00mmio,rt2x00pci,eeprom_93cx6
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2800pci
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
parm: nohwcrypt:Disable hardware encryption. (bool)
[rt2800mmio]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2800mmio.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2800 MMIO library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 5E33FBFA772586ADF95C254
depends: rt2x00mmio,rt2800lib,rt2x00lib
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2800mmio
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
[rt2800lib]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2800lib.ko
license: GPL
description: Ralink RT2800 library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com, Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
srcversion: 9364B788841E900CA63C689
depends: rt2x00lib,mac80211
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2800lib
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
[rt2x00pci]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2x00pci.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 pci library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: 68B02F6EB81371BAD3D9D3B
depends: rt2x00lib,mac80211
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2x00pci
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
[rt2x00mmio]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2x00mmio.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 mmio library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: DC4897609AC19F1B8E29958
depends: rt2x00lib
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2x00mmio
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
[rt2x00lib]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ralink/rt2x00/rt2x00lib.ko
license: GPL
description: rt2x00 library
version: 2.3.0
author: http://rt2x00.serialmonkey.com
srcversion: F890B6F5A2497A4BBB19563
depends: mac80211,cfg80211
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: rt2x00lib
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
[mac80211]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko
license: GPL
description: IEEE 802.11 subsystem
srcversion: 0CDD28A506BDDDE9444E85C
depends: cfg80211
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: mac80211
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
parm: minstrel_vht_only:Use only VHT rates when VHT is supported by sta. (bool)
parm: max_nullfunc_tries:Maximum nullfunc tx tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: max_probe_tries:Maximum probe tries before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: beacon_loss_count:Number of beacon intervals before we decide beacon was lost. (int)
parm: probe_wait_ms:Maximum time(ms) to wait for probe response before disconnecting (reason 4). (int)
parm: ieee80211_default_rc_algo:Default rate control algorithm for mac80211 to use (charp)
[cfg80211]
filename: /lib/modules/5.0.0-37-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko
description: wireless configuration support
license: GPL
author: Johannes Berg
srcversion: DCECEA5B6FF7EF332DBC1F5
depends:
retpoline: Y
intree: Y
name: cfg80211
vermagic: 5.0.0-37-generic SMP mod_unload
signat: PKCS#7
signer:
sig_key:
sig_hashalgo: md4
parm: bss_entries_limit:limit to number of scan BSS entries (per wiphy, default 1000) (int)
parm: ieee80211_regdom:IEEE 802.11 regulatory domain code (charp)
parm: cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz:Disable 40MHz support in the 2.4GHz band (bool)
##### module parameters #################
[rt2800pci]
nohwcrypt: N
[mac80211]
beacon_loss_count: 7
ieee80211_default_rc_algo: minstrel_ht
max_nullfunc_tries: 2
max_probe_tries: 5
minstrel_vht_only: Y
probe_wait_ms: 500
[cfg80211]
bss_entries_limit: 1000
cfg80211_disable_40mhz_24ghz: N
ieee80211_regdom: 00
##### /etc/modules ######################
##### modprobe options ##################
[/etc/modprobe.d/amd64-microcode-blacklist.conf]
blacklist microcode
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-ath_pci.conf]
blacklist ath_pci
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf]
blacklist evbug
blacklist usbmouse
blacklist usbkbd
blacklist eepro100
blacklist de4x5
blacklist eth1394
blacklist snd_intel8x0m
blacklist snd_aw2
blacklist i2c_i801
blacklist prism54
blacklist bcm43xx
blacklist garmin_gps
blacklist asus_acpi
blacklist snd_pcsp
blacklist pcspkr
blacklist amd76x_edac
[/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rare-network.conf]
alias net-pf-3 off
alias net-pf-6 off
alias net-pf-9 off
alias net-pf-11 off
alias net-pf-12 off
alias net-pf-19 off
alias net-pf-21 off
alias net-pf-36 off
[/etc/modprobe.d/intel-microcode-blacklist.conf]
blacklist microcode
[/etc/modprobe.d/iwlwifi.conf]
remove iwlwifi \
(/sbin/lsmod | grep -o -e ^iwlmvm -e ^iwldvm -e ^iwlwifi | xargs /sbin/rmmod) \
&& /sbin/modprobe -r mac80211
##### rc.local ##########################
grep: /etc/rc.local: No such file or directory
##### pm-utils ##########################
##### udev rules ########################
##### dmesg #############################
[ 3.371148] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00_set_rf: Info - RF chipset 3290 detected
[ 3.916170] rt2800pci 0000:03:00.0 wlp3s0f0: renamed from wlan0
[ 5.127698] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 1 Gbps Full
[ 5.127909] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp2s0: link becomes ready
[ 304.523954] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 452.270632] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 1 Gbps Full
[ 452.490323] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 455.186291] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 1 Gbps Full
[ 917.040019] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 933.098071] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 100 Mbps Full
[ 933.120444] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 945.212377] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 100 Mbps Full
[ 945.236322] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 957.301466] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 100 Mbps Full
[ 957.324484] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
[ 963.181504] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: NIC Up: 1 Gbps Full
[ 2335.845034] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Loading firmware file 'rt3290.bin'
[ 2335.848660] ieee80211 phy0: rt2x00lib_request_firmware: Info - Firmware detected - version: 0.37
[ 3541.122659] alx 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: Link Down
########## wireless info END ############
先感谢您。
答案1
我的 HP 350 G1/21B7 笔记本电脑上也出现了类似的问题（实际上是 Debian 10.3），该笔记本电脑具有相同的 Ralink RT3290 网络控制器：重启后 5-15 分钟内 wifi 连接失败。wifi 图标从 Gnome 的顶部面板上消失，即使重新加载 rt2800pci 驱动程序也无济于事，只能重启。我没有注意到连接有时会恢复。
但所有这些只发生在内核版本 5.x 中，而不会发生在 4.19 中。 您可能想尝试使用内核 4.x。不过，我还没有发现任何参考资料表明这是内核 5.x 中的问题。
顺便说一句，我还发现了类似这样的句子
wlo1: Limiting TX power to 20 (20 - 0) dBm as advertised by ae:22:15:4a:de:da
wlo1: deauthenticating from ae:22:15:4a:de:da by local choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
例如，在 kern.log 中，但它们的时间似乎与连接失败无关。