我有一台 HP 笔记本 15-f004wm，用作日常驱动程序。
然而，有一个奇怪的问题，每当我尝试启动时，GRUB 就会“冻结”（又名无法通过“正在加载 initrd...”）。
让它启动的唯一方法是遵循这些精确的脚步：
1: Turn off the computer. (Shutdown, restarting won't work.)
2: When the computer turns on, hit F9. (You can't let it boot normally into GRUB.)
3: From the EFI boot menu, select GRUB.
4: Select the entry for the OS.
5: Do this every time you need to boot into GRUB.
我可以确认这发生在：
- 架构Linux
- 乌班图（14.10、15.10、16.04）
- 软呢帽
- OpenSUSE 风滚草（20161219、20161222）
这是df（注意：我在我的 OpenSUSE Tumbleweed 系统上运行它的输出，这是我的主要且当前唯一的系统）
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 1960468 8 1960460 1% /dev
tmpfs 1967532 39856 1927676 3% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1967532 1664 1965868 1% /run
tmpfs 1967532 0 1967532 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/named
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/mariadb
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/tmp
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /.snapshots
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/opt
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/crash
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/machines
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/pgsql
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/mysql
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/mailman
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/lib/libvirt/images
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/log
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /usr/local
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/cache
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /boot/grub2/x86_64-efi
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /tmp
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /var/spool
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /srv
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /boot/grub2/i386-pc
/dev/sdb1 487472 4656 482816 1% /boot/efi
/dev/sdb3 372305920 9853856 360835712 3% /opt
/dev/sdb5 307050000 2319044 304730956 1% /home
tmpfs 393508 0 393508 0% /run/user/483
tmpfs 393508 12 393496 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sdb2 292671484 38865508 253805976 14% /run/media/myusername/The Mountpoint
我的grub.cfg看起来像这样：
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub2-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
set btrfs_relative_path="y"
export btrfs_relative_path
if [ -f ${config_directory}/grubenv ]; then
load_env -f ${config_directory}/grubenv
elif [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
load_env
fi
if [ "${env_block}" ] ; then
load_env -f "${env_block}"
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
if [ "${env_block}" ] ; then
save_env -f "${env_block}" next_entry
fi
set boot_once=true
else
set default="${saved_entry}"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd1,gpt3'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt3 b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
fi
font="/usr/share/grub2/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
echo "Please press t to show the boot menu on this console"
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd1,gpt3'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt3 b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
fi
insmod gfxmenu
loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/ascii.pf2
loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans10.pf2
loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans12.pf2
loadfont ($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/DejaVuSans-Bold14.pf2
insmod png
set theme=($root)/boot/grub2/themes/openSUSE/theme.txt
export theme
if [ x${boot_once} = xtrue ]; then
set timeout=0
elif [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=menu
set timeout=8
# Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
else
set timeout=8
fi
if [ -n "$extra_cmdline" ]; then
submenu "Bootable snapshot #$snapshot_num" {
menuentry "If OK, run 'snapper rollback' and reboot." { true; }
}
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_tuned ###
set tuned_params=""
### END /etc/grub.d/00_tuned ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry 'openSUSE Tumbleweed' --class opensuse --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd1,gpt3'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt3 b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.8.14-1-default ...'
linuxefi /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.14-1-default root=UUID=b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d ${extra_cmdline} resume=/dev/sdb4 splash quiet showopts
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrdefi /boot/initrd-4.8.14-1-default
}
submenu 'Advanced options for openSUSE Tumbleweed' --hotkey=1 $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d' {
menuentry 'openSUSE Tumbleweed, with Linux 4.8.14-1-default' --hotkey=2 --class opensuse --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.8.14-1-default-advanced-b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd1,gpt3'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt3 b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.8.14-1-default ...'
linuxefi /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.14-1-default root=UUID=b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d ${extra_cmdline} resume=/dev/sdb4 splash quiet showopts
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrdefi /boot/initrd-4.8.14-1-default
}
menuentry 'openSUSE Tumbleweed, with Linux 4.8.14-1-default (recovery mode)' --hotkey=3 --class opensuse --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.8.14-1-default-recovery-b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d' {
load_video
set gfxpayload=keep
insmod gzio
insmod part_gpt
insmod btrfs
set root='hd1,gpt3'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt3 b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.8.14-1-default ...'
linuxefi /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.14-1-default root=UUID=b7b576c5-366e-4a44-bf79-0eb87357b09d ${extra_cmdline}
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrdefi /boot/initrd-4.8.14-1-default
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/80_suse_btrfs_snapshot ###
if [ -f "/.snapshots/grub-snapshot.cfg" ]; then
source "/.snapshots/grub-snapshot.cfg"
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/80_suse_btrfs_snapshot ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ###
### END /etc/grub.d/90_persistent ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/95_textmode ###
# On EFI systems we can only have graphics *or* serial, so allow the user
# to switch between the two
hiddenentry 'Text mode' --hotkey 't' {
set textmode=true
terminal_output console
}
### END /etc/grub.d/95_textmode ###
如何阻止 GRUB 冻结？
答案1
您能否发布df有关 grub 配置的输出并进行描述。还解释一下“GRUB from freeze”到底是什么意思？将有助于调试。