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tag-icon • tag-icon ssh xorg windows-subsystem-for-linux x11-forwarding
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我有以下设置：

我的工作计算机运行的是 Ubuntu 18.04，其内容如下/etc/ssh/sshd_config：

#       $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.101 2017/03/14 07:19:07 djm Exp $

# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file.  See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.

# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin

# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented.  Uncommented options override the
# default value.

Port 3022
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::

#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key

# Ciphers and keying
#RekeyLimit default none

# Logging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
#LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:

#LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin no
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10

PubkeyAuthentication yes

# Expect .ssh/authorized_keys2 to be disregarded by default in future.
#AuthorizedKeysFile     .ssh/authorized_keys .ssh/authorized_keys2

#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none

#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody

# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes

# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
PasswordAuthentication no
#PermitEmptyPasswords no

# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no

# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no

# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM no

AllowAgentForwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PermitTTY yes
#PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive no
#UseLogin no
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS no
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none

# no default banner path
Banner /etc/issue.net
PrintMotd yes

# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*

# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem       sftp    /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
Match User me
        AllowAgentForwarding yes
        AllowTcpForwarding yes
        X11Forwarding yes
        X11UseLocalhost no
        PermitTunnel yes

我目前无法物理访问工作计算机。因此，我在家里连接它。我的家用电脑运行的是 Windows 10，带有运行 Ubuntu 18.04 的 Linux 版 Windows Subshel​​l。其中~/.ssh/config包含以下内容：

# Defaults
Host *
        ForwardAgent no
        ForwardX11 no
        ForwardX11Trusted no
        User me
        Protocol 2
        ServerAliveInterval 0
        TcpKeepAlive no

# Workstation
Host workcomputer
        HostName machine.domain.com
        Port 3022
        ForwardX11 Yes
        ForwardX11Trusted Yes

并~/.profile包含以下行

DISPLAY=:0

家里的电脑也安装并正在运行VcXsrv。

我可以像xeyes在本地一样运行应用程序，它们可以在 VcXsrv 窗口中正常打开（尽管我需要以 方式运行它，xeyes -display :0因为xeyes似乎不使用 $DISPLAY 变量）。但是，我无法让任何远程 GUI 应用程序出现。

me@Home:~$ ssh workcomputer
me@Work:~$ echo $DISPLAY

me@Work:~$ gedit
Unable to init server: Could not connect: Connection refused

(gedit:20107): Gtk-WARNING **: 16:58:42.096: cannot open display:

我尝试export DISPLAY=:0在远程机器上运行，gedit之后确实运行了，但没有出现在 VcXsrv 窗口中的本地机器上。我也试过了，export DISPLAY=:10但结果还是一样Connection refused。我也试过连接，ssh -X但也没用。

我还能尝试什么才能在本地 X 服务器上打开远程 GUI 应用程序？

答案1

所以我终于设法让它正常工作了。除了原始帖子外，还有几件事要做：

  1. 在本地和远程安装 xauth 并生成条目:0。

     sudo apt install xauth
 xauth generate :0 . trusted

这在远程可能需要也可能不需要，但在本地肯定是需要的，以消除有关缺少身份验证数据的警告。这根据 xauth 的安装位置，可能还需要在本地进行。

  1. 在本地，将这一行（不缩短或省略任何内容）放入~/.bashrc（从中删除~/.profile）：

     export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0

3. 尽管在您的 中将ForwardX11和ForwardX11Trusted设置为，连接时也请使用（或如果您不信任该连接）开关：Yes~/.ssh/config-Y-X

    ssh -Y workcomputer

我不确定为什么需要这样做，但是出于某种原因，如果没有开关，它就不会转发 X11。

更新

关于第三点，-Y我之所以需要切换，是因为我的 ssh 配置文件不正确地将默认值放在了顶部。其中的顺序很重要（使用每个参数的第一个匹配项），因此适当的修复方法-Y是反转文件中的条目，而不是总是使用~/.ssh/config：

# Workstation
Host workcomputer
        HostName machine.domain.com
        Port 3022
        ForwardX11 Yes
        ForwardX11Trusted Yes

# Defaults
Host *
        ForwardAgent no
        ForwardX11 no
        ForwardX11Trusted no
        User me
        Protocol 2
        ServerAliveInterval 0
        TcpKeepAlive no

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