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Ubuntu 19.10 升级至 20.04（已过时）

tag-icon • tag-icon upgrade updates 20.04 19.10
Ubuntu 19.10 升级至 20.04（已过时）

我尝试升级时似乎遇到了多个问题。我尝试按照以下说明进行操作https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EOLUpgrades因为我的 19.10 不再受支持。我应该说一下我的计算机技能非常有限。除了复制/粘贴之外，我对终端了解不多，所以如果说明不清楚或者假设我知道添加符号或其他东西，我就不会弄清楚。当我运行sudo apt-get 更新这是我收到的：

E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: GPG error: http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 78BD65473CB3BD13
E: The repository 'http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable Release' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.

我确信我需要知道的一切都写在那里，但我无论如何也想不出该怎么做。我试着查找资料，遇到了很多问题，与其在这里列出所有这些，不如从头开始。如果有人能帮我弄清楚，这样我就可以更新了……

按照建议的文章重新运行更新命令。这是我现在收到的内容：

Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan-security InRelease [97.5 kB]
Hit:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan InRelease                       
Hit:3 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu disco InRelease                      
Ign:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease                      
Ign:5 http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable InRelease                    
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan-updates InRelease [97.5 kB]
Ign:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease               
Err:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security Release
  404  Not Found [IP: 2001:67c:1562::15 80]
Hit:9 http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable Release 
Ign:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu eoan-backports InRelease [88.8 kB]
Ign:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease
Err:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco Release
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.38 80]
Err:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates Release
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.38 80]
Err:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports Release
  404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.38 80]
Hit:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nemh/systemback/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:18 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu eoan InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
N: Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'

答案1

PPA（以及一般的存储库）对应于特定版本的 Ubuntu。例如，如果您运行 Ubuntu 19.10 Eoan Ermine 并将 PPA 添加到存储库列表中，则会添加 PPA 的 Eoan 版本。这样 PPA 中的软件包就可以与您的整个系统兼容。

如果您稍后升级到其他版本的 Ubuntu，则该匹配将“中断”。因此，在升级过程中所有第三方存储库都将被禁用。您需要浏览列表并手动调整它们。

比如说，您有一个 Eoan 的 PPA。然后您需要检查该 PPA 是否也适用于您的新 Ubuntu 版本。并非所有存储库都支持每个 Ubuntu 版本。如果受支持，您需要更改列表中的代码名称，例如从eoan更改为fossa，这样您就可以再次获得正确 Ubuntu 版本的软件包。看起来discoUbuntu 19.04 Disco Dingo 中也有一些内容，所以您也需要处理它们。

有些存储库不使用 Ubuntu 代号，尤其是那些为多个发行版提供软件包的存储库（例如 Debian和Ubuntu）。有了这些，你需要了解特定的存储库是如何处理事物的。

对于列表中的至少一个存储库，您还需要更新公钥。存储库中的软件包可以进行加密签名。要检查​​这些签名，您的系统需要相关存储库的公钥。这些密钥具有某种“保质期”，它们会在某个日期后过期，您需要获取替换旧密钥的新密钥。关于这个主题的详细信息超出了本答案的范围，但您需要阅读该apt-key命令。

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