我最近使用软件更新将版本 18 LTS 升级到 20，从那时起就注意到系统随机冻结或崩溃。
症状 崩溃通常始于某些窗口完全冻结（无响应）（vs code 或 firefox），在短时间内（30 秒到 60 秒）整个系统冻结，唯一的解决办法是通过电源按钮重新启动。最近，我还注意到一些瞬间崩溃，整个屏幕变黑。我还注意到崩溃通常发生在使用 firefox 或 vs code 时（但不发生在故意执行硬计算时）。
/var/崩溃
最新文件已有 3 天，最后一次崩溃发生在今天。
urh@urh-laptop:/var/crash$ ls
linux-image-5.4.0-54-generic.203356.crash _opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.uploaded _usr_share_code_code.1000.crash
linux-image-5.4.0-54-generic.213157.crash _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.crash _usr_share_code_code.1000.upload
_opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.crash _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.upload _usr_share_code_code.1000.uploaded
_opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.upload _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.uploaded
零件来自_usr_share_code.1000.crash：
GNU nano 4.8 _usr_share_code_code.1000.crash
ProblemType: Crash
Architecture: amd64
Date: Tue Dec 1 14:01:31 2020
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 20.04
ExecutablePath: /usr/share/code/code
ExecutableTimestamp: 1603764692
ProcCmdline: /usr/share/code/code\ --type=renderer\ --disable-color-correct-rendering\ --no-sandbox\ --field-trial-handle=11739126107242220802,6576820938724679016,131072\ --enable-features=WebComponents>
ProcCwd: /home/urh
ProcEnviron:
ProcMaps:
.
.
.
ProcStatus:
Name: code
Umask: 0002
State: S (sleeping)
Tgid: 288605
Ngid: 0
Pid: 288605
PPid: 288509
TracerPid: 0
Uid: 1000 1000 1000 1000
Gid: 1000 1000 1000 1000
FDSize: 128
Groups: 4 24 27 30 46 116 126 127 1000
NStgid: 288605
NSpid: 288605
NSpgid: 153351
NSsid: 153351
VmPeak: 8625096 kB
VmSize: 4626800 kB
VmLck: 0 kB
VmPin: 0 kB
VmHWM: 194540 kB
VmRSS: 125928 kB
RssAnon: 38616 kB
RssFile: 87292 kB
RssShmem: 20 kB
VmData: 267896 kB
VmStk: 132 kB
VmExe: 112352 kB
VmLib: 0 kB
VmPTE: 844 kB
VmSwap: 0 kB
HugetlbPages: 0 kB
CoreDumping: 1
THP_enabled: 1
Threads: 20
SigQ: 0/47179
SigPnd: 0000000000000000
ShdPnd: 0000000000000000
SigBlk: 0000000000000000
SigIgn: 0000000000000002
SigCgt: 00000001800010f8
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: 0000000000000000
CapEff: 0000000000000000
CapBnd: 0000003fffffffff
CapAmb: 0000000000000000
NoNewPrivs: 0
Seccomp: 0
Speculation_Store_Bypass: thread vulnerable
Cpus_allowed: f
Cpus_allowed_list: 0-3
Mems_allowed: 00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,00000000,000000>
Mems_allowed_list: 0
voluntary_ctxt_switches: 11320
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches: 4009
Signal: 11
Uname: Linux 5.4.0-54-generic x86_64
UserGroups: adm cdrom dip kvm lpadmin plugdev sambashare sudo
信息
我正在运行（双启动）Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS关于宏碁旋转 3和12GB 内存、Intel® Core™ i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz × 4、以及 Mesa Intel® HD Graphics 620 (KBL GT2)。
侏儒版本：3.36.3
跑步journalctl -b -1 -e揭示：
dec 05 14:16:12 urh-laptop mtp-probe[466455]: bus: 1, device: 11 was not an MTP device
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: run-snapd-ns-snap\x2dstore.mnt.mount: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Unmounted /run/snapd/ns/snap-store.mnt.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Unmounting /run/snapd/ns...
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: run-snapd-ns.mount: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Unmounted /run/snapd/ns.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped target Local File Systems (Pre).
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped target Swap.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivating swap /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST1000LM035-1RK172_WES1A7S2-part3...
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-sysusers.service: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Create System Users.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-remount-fs.service: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
dec 05 14:16:14 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Shutdown.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2dpath-pci\x2d0000:00:17.0\x2data\x2d1\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:17.0-ata-1-part3.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-ata\x2dST1000LM035\x2d1RK172_WES1A7S2\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/ata-ST1000LM035-1RK172_WES1A7S2-part3.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2did-wwn\x2d0x5000c5009d10879a\x2dpart3.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/wwn-0x5000c5009d10879a-part3.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-00af4d5c\x2d43e1\x2d4918\x2d8b9e\x2d8f331d86bab4.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-partuuid/00af4d5c-43e1-4918-8b9e-8f331d86bab4.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-sda3.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/sda3.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2duuid-86c68832\x2d3661\x2d488d\x2db520\x2dbb94356b7b1f.swap: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/86c68832-3661-488d-b520-bb94356b7b1f.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Unmount All Filesystems.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Final Step.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-poweroff.service: Succeeded.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Finished Power-Off.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Power-Off.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd[1]: Shutting down.
dec 05 14:16:15 urh-laptop systemd-shutdown[1]: Syncing filesystems and block devices.
dec 05 14:16:16 urh-laptop systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes...
dec 05 14:16:16 urh-laptop systemd-journald[272]: Journal stopped
urh@urh-laptop:/var/crash$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 11Gi 1,6Gi 7,2Gi 330Mi 2,8Gi 9,3Gi
Swap: 9,3Gi 0B 9,3Gi
urh@urh-laptop:/var/crash$ sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 60
urh@urh-laptop:/var/crash$ sudo dmidecode -s bios-version
[sudo] password for urh:
V1.04
urh@urh-laptop:/$ grep -i swap /etc/fstab
# swap was on /dev/sdb3 during installation
UUID=86c68832-3661-488d-b520-bb94356b7b1f none swap sw 0 0
urh@urh-laptop:/$ ls -al /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 nov 3 00:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 nov 3 01:33 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 nov 3 00:39 desktop-icons@csoriano
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 nov 2 22:03 [email protected]
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 dec 1 18:17 [email protected]
Ubutnu 18 从未崩溃过。我是菜鸟，所以我无法从崩溃报告中得到任何有用的东西。我也可以提供一些东西/var/log/
更新 #1
斯瓦彭
urh@urh-laptop:~$ swapon --show
NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/sda3 partition 9,3G 0B -2
urh@urh-laptop:~$ sudo blkid
[sudo] password for urh:
/dev/sda3: UUID="86c68832-3661-488d-b520-bb94356b7b1f" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="00af4d5c-43e1-4918-8b9e-8f331d86bab4"
/dev/sda2: UUID="ac6f5269-f799-4b38-a91a-3688bd842038" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="8e1ba2b7-fc9d-4fbc-bbb3-a00170fd283c"
/dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop1: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop3: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop4: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop5: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop6: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop7: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Podatki" UUID="16161663161643E1" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="ce22c83a-64d0-4091-9773-b65d637375e6"
/dev/sda4: UUID="77ea92d2-e175-4648-a977-726e2ebae872" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="da5c0b1c-0285-4717-a98d-e280babb0044"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="A620DA0620D9DCFD" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9abd075d-01"
/dev/sdb2: UUID="F4D8E4B1D8E47372" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9abd075d-02"
/dev/sdb3: UUID="26AED78EAED754C1" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="9abd075d-03"
/dev/loop8: TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop9: TYPE="squashfs"
urh@urh-laptop:~$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sdb2 during installation
UUID=ac6f5269-f799-4b38-a91a-3688bd842038 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /home was on /dev/sdb4 during installation
UUID=77ea92d2-e175-4648-a977-726e2ebae872 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sdb3 during installation
UUID=86c68832-3661-488d-b520-bb94356b7b1f none swap sw 0 0
/dev/disk/by-uuid/16161663161643E1 /mnt/Podatki auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show,x-gvfs-name=Podatki 0 0
/dev/disk/by-uuid/F4D8E4B1D8E47372 /mnt/dataFromWindows auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show,x-gvfs-name=Data%20From%20Windows 0 0
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 dec 5 15:18 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 apr 25 2020 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 kernoops whoopsie 2787 dec 1 15:57 linux-image-5.4.0-54-generic.203356.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 kernoops whoopsie 2922 nov 29 19:45 linux-image-5.4.0-54-generic.213157.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 1072334 dec 5 15:05 _opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 root whoopsie 0 dec 2 17:13 _opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 37 dec 2 17:13 _opt_teamviewer_tv_bin_teamviewerd.0.uploaded
-rw-r----- 1 urh whoopsie 63037944 nov 30 19:57 _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 urh whoopsie 0 nov 30 19:57 _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 37 nov 30 19:57 _usr_bin_gnome-shell.1000.uploaded
-rw-r----- 1 urh whoopsie 74784629 dec 1 14:01 _usr_share_code_code.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 urh whoopsie 74784631 dec 5 15:18 _usr_share_code_code.1000.crash.save
-rw-r--r-- 1 urh whoopsie 0 dec 1 14:01 _usr_share_code_code.1000.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 37 dec 1 14:01 _usr_share_code_code.1000.uploaded
模型：宏碁 Spin 3
型号：N16P9
更新 #2
序列号：NXGK9AA0216480116F7200
斯尼德：64800446372
更新 #3
urh@urh-laptop:~$ ls -al ~/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions
ls: cannot access '/home/urh/.local/share/gnome-shell/extensions': No such file or directory
urh@urh-laptop:~$ ls -al /usr/share/gnome-shell/extensions
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 nov 3 00:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 nov 3 01:33 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 nov 3 00:39 desktop-icons@csoriano
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 nov 2 22:03 [email protected]
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 dec 1 18:17 [email protected]
更新#4-解决方案？
根据 @heynnema 的建议，我更新了 BIOS。（令人讨厌的是，Acer 只为 Windows 制作更新，所以这很有趣）。我还添加了intel_idle.max_cstate=1，/etc/default/grub现在崩溃已经停止了。
更改的提示grub在错误代码中bug soft lockup CPU#2 stuck for 23 s，该代码仅在崩溃时显示一次。（通常屏幕变黑而不显示日志）。
答案1
很多崩溃。让我们从这些开始吧...
BIOS
宏碁 Spin 3
您的 BIOS 版本为 1.04。
有较新的 BIOS 可用，版本 1.08，日期为 2018 年 4 月 17 日，可以下载这里。
注意：请确认我拥有适合您型号的正确网站。
注意：更新 BIOS 之前请做好备份。
记忆
去https://www.memtest86.com/并免费下载/运行它们memtest来测试你的记忆力。至少完成一次所有 4/4 测试以确认记忆力良好。这可能需要几个小时才能完成。