几天来我一直在努力让 Ubuntu 识别我的声卡。看起来硬件被检测到了（主板上的 Intel C230），但无法让它工作。我的笔记本电脑是 Acer V5-591。我有“虚拟输出”作为硬件。我运行的是内核为 5.8.0-50-generic 的 Ubuntu 20.04。
我已经尝试过 alsa 和 oss4。
根据诊断步骤（https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshootingProcedure), 看起来 alsa 无法识别声卡。以下是 alsa-info 的输出。
欢呼马克
bash alsa-info.sh --stdout
cat: /proc/asound/version: No such file or directory
alsa-info.sh: line 466: /proc/asound/modules: No such file or directory
cat: /proc/asound/cards: No such file or directory
cat: /tmp/alsa-info.elfwUt3z79/alsamodules.tmp: No such file or directory
cat: /proc/asound/modules: No such file or directory
alsa-info.sh: line 661: tree: command not found
alsactl: save_state:1595: No soundcards found...
cat: /tmp/alsa-info.elfwUt3z79/alsactl.tmp: No such file or directory
upload=true&script=true&cardinfo=
!!################################
!!ALSA Information Script v 0.5.0
!!################################
!!Script ran on: Sun Apr 18 09:02:49 UTC 2021
!!Linux Distribution
!!------------------
Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS \n \l DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS" NAME="Ubuntu" ID=ubuntu ID_LIKE=debian PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS" HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/" SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/" PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy" UBUNTU_CODENAME=focal
!!DMI Information
!!---------------
Manufacturer: Acer
Product Name: Aspire V5-591G
Product Version: V1.15
Firmware Version: V1.15
System SKU: Aspire V5-591G_1033_1.15
Board Vendor: Acer
Board Name: Usopp_SLS
!!ACPI Device Status Information
!!---------------
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/10251032:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/ACPI000C:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/ELAN0501:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/INT3F0D:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/LNXVIDEO:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/MSFT0101:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0103:00/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:00/status 3
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:03/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C02:04/status 3
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C04:00/status 31
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0A:00/status 31
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:00/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:01/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:02/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:03/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:04/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:05/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:06/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:07/status 9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:37/status 15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:72/status 11
!!Kernel Information
!!------------------
Kernel release: 5.8.0-50-generic
Operating System: GNU/Linux
Architecture: x86_64
Processor: x86_64
SMP Enabled: Yes
!!ALSA Version
!!------------
Driver version:
Library version: 1.2.2
Utilities version: 1.2.2
!!Loaded ALSA modules
!!-------------------
!!Sound Servers on this system
!!----------------------------
Pulseaudio:
Installed - Yes (/usr/bin/pulseaudio)
Running - Yes
!!Soundcards recognised by ALSA
!!-----------------------------
!!PCI Soundcards installed in the system
!!--------------------------------------
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller [8086:a170] (rev 31)
Subsystem: Acer Incorporated [ALI] 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller [1025:1033]
!!Modprobe options (Sound related)
!!--------------------------------
snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_usb_caiaq: index=-2
snd_usb_ua101: index=-2
snd_usb_us122l: index=-2
snd_usb_usx2y: index=-2
snd_cmipci: mpu_port=0x330 fm_port=0x388
snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_intel_dspcfg: dsp_driver=1
snd_hda_intel: index=1
!!Loaded sound module options
!!---------------------------
!!Sysfs card info
!!---------------
!!Card: /sys/class/sound/card*
Driver:
Tree:
!!ALSA Device nodes
!!-----------------
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 1 Apr 18 10:53 /dev/snd/seq
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 33 Apr 18 10:53 /dev/snd/timer
!!Aplay/Arecord output
!!--------------------
APLAY
aplay: device_list:274: no soundcards found...
ARECORD
arecord: device_list:274: no soundcards found...
!!Amixer output
!!-------------
!!Alsactl output
!!--------------
--startcollapse--
--endcollapse--
!!All Loaded Modules
!!------------------
acer_wmi
acpi_pad
aesni_intel
af_alg
ahci
algif_hash
algif_skcipher
ath
ath10k_core
ath10k_pci
autofs4
bluetooth
bnep
btbcm
btintel
btrtl
btusb
ccm
cec
cfg80211
cmac
coretemp
crc32_pclmul
crct10dif_pclmul
cryptd
crypto_simd
drm
drm_kms_helper
ecc
ecdh_generic
ee1004
efi_pstore
fb_sys_fops
ghash_clmulni_intel
glue_helper
hid
hid_generic
hid_multitouch
i2c_algo_bit
i2c_hid
i2c_i801
i2c_smbus
i915
idma64
input_leds
intel_cstate
intel_lpss
intel_lpss_pci
intel_pch_thermal
intel_powerclamp
intel_rapl_common
intel_rapl_msr
intel_wmi_thunderbolt
ip_tables
joydev
kvm
kvm_intel
libahci
libarc4
lp
mac80211
mac_hid
mc
mei
mei_hdcp
mei_me
memstick
mxm_wmi
nls_iso8859_1
nouveau
parport
parport_pc
ppdev
r8169
rapl
rc_core
realtek
rfcomm
rtsx_usb
rtsx_usb_ms
rtsx_usb_sdmmc
sch_fq_codel
serio_raw
sparse_keymap
syscopyarea
sysfillrect
sysimgblt
ttm
usbhid
uvcvideo
video
videobuf2_common
videobuf2_memops
videobuf2_v4l2
videobuf2_vmalloc
videodev
virt_dma
wmi
wmi_bmof
x86_pkg_temp_thermal
x_tables
xhci_pci
xhci_pci_renesas
!!ALSA/HDA dmesg
!!--------------
[ 0.126608] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Dell-Video)
[ 0.126609] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-Lenovo-NV-HDMI-Audio)
[ 0.126610] ACPI: Added _OSI(Linux-HPI-Hybrid-Graphics)
--
[ 0.239069] pci 0000:01:00.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xfff80000-0xffffffff pref]
[ 0.239084] pci 0000:01:00.0: Enabling HDA controller
[ 0.250563] pci 0000:00:01.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01-06]
--
[ 17.958919] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[ 19.410947] nouveau 0000:01:00.0: Enabling HDA controller
[ 19.532227] nouveau 0000:01:00.0: bus: MMIO read of 00000000 FAULT at 619444 [ IBUS ]
!!Packages installed
!!--------------------
ii alsa-topology-conf 1.2.2-1 all ALSA topology configuration files
ii alsa-ucm-conf 1.2.2-1ubuntu0.6 all ALSA Use Case Manager configuration files
ii alsa-utils 1.2.2-1ubuntu2 amd64 Utilities for configuring and using ALSA