我有一台 2012 年的 MacBook (10.1)。扬声器发出的声音没问题。耳机发出的声音“断断续续”。就好像只有一部分信号通过一样。当我听歌时，声音非常安静。也许“中间”信号丢失了，只有“侧面”信号通过，但听起来有点单声道。虽然有一些声音，但我已经检查了许多“无声音”问题，以确保这不是一般的驱动程序问题。
一开始我很生气，因为我的电脑里有两个声卡，我怀疑它们是否会冲突。但是第二个声卡是用于 HDMI 端口的，所以我想这不是问题所在。
我可以想象这只是一个硬件问题。耳机插孔似乎没问题——如果我将电缆稍微推向不同的方向，声音不会发生变化。不过，这可能是电路断了，或者只是插孔中积聚了灰尘。（这个问题在不同的耳机上仍然存在，而耳机在其他设备上工作正常。）
我想确定我是否可以修复它。
- 有没有办法配置声卡的声道（左、右）？ （请记住，“中间”和“侧面”只是左右的总和与差。）
- 还有其他想法需要检查或配置吗？
以下是一些控制台输出：
$ pacmd list-cards
2 card(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 7
properties:
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xc1080000 irq 17"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "10de"
device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
device.product.id = "0e1b"
device.product.name = "GK107 HDMI Audio Controller"
device.string = "1"
device.description = "GK107 HDMI Audio Controller"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
...
index: 1
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 8
properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xc1c10000 irq 54"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "Eingebautes Tongerät"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
HiFi: Play HiFi quality Music (priority 40768, available: unknown)
off: Aus (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <HiFi>
sinks:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.HiFi__hw_PCH__sink/#0: Eingebautes Tongerät Speaker + Headphones
sources:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.HiFi__hw_PCH__sink.monitor/#0: Monitor of Eingebautes Tongerät Speaker + Headphones
alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.HiFi__hw_PCH__source/#1: Eingebautes Tongerät Headphones Stereo Microphone
ports:
[Out] Speaker: Speaker (priority 100, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
[Out] Headphones: Headphones (priority 200, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
properties:
[In] Mic2: Headphones Stereo Microphone (priority 200, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
$ aplay -l
**** Liste der Hardware-Geräte (PLAYBACK) ****
Karte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Gerät 0: CS4206 Analog [CS4206 Analog]
Sub-Geräte: 1/1
Sub-Gerät #0: subdevice #0
Karte 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], Gerät 1: CS4206 Digital [CS4206 Digital]
Sub-Geräte: 1/1
Sub-Gerät #0: subdevice #0
Karte 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], Gerät 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Sub-Geräte: 1/1
Sub-Gerät #0: subdevice #0
Karte 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], Gerät 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Sub-Geräte: 1/1
Sub-Gerät #0: subdevice #0
...
$ sudo lshw -short | grep multimedia
/0/100/1/0.1 multimedia GK107 HDMI Audio Controller
/0/100/1a/1/1/1 multimedia FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in)
/0/100/1b multimedia 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
$ sudo lshw -html
id:
multimedia
Beschreibung: Audio device
Produkt: GK107 HDMI Audio Controller
Hersteller: NVIDIA Corporation
Physische ID:
0.1
Bus-Informationen:
pci@0000:01:00.1
Version: a1
Breite: 32 bits
Takt: 33MHz
Fähigkeiten: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
Konfiguration:
driver = snd_hda_intel
latency = 0
Ressourcen:
irq : 17
memory : c1080000-c1083fff
id:
multimedia
Beschreibung: Audio device
Produkt: 7 Series/C216 Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
Hersteller: Intel Corporation
Physische ID:
1b
Bus-Informationen:
pci@0000:00:1b.0
Version: 04
Breite: 64 bits
Takt: 33MHz
Fähigkeiten: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
Konfiguration:
driver = snd_hda_intel
latency = 0
Ressourcen:
irq : 54
memory : c1c10000-c1c13fff
$ dmesg | grep snd
[ 4.292305] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 4.301855] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 4.301951] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: Disabling MSI
[ 4.301958] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: Handle vga_switcheroo audio client
[ 4.465778] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_audio_component_bind_ops [i915])
[ 4.465862] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: bound 0000:01:00.0 (ops nv50_audio_component_bind_ops [nouveau])
[ 4.484481] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: autoconfig for CS4206: line_outs=2 (0xb/0xa/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:speaker
[ 4.484485] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: speaker_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.484487] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: hp_outs=1 (0x9/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 4.484488] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: mono: mono_out=0x0
[ 4.484489] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: dig-out=0x10/0x0
[ 4.484490] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: inputs:
[ 4.484492] snd_hda_codec_cirrus hdaudioC0D0: Mic=0xe
编辑于 2022 年 11 月 11 日 20:51 CET
我运行了 alsa-info 脚本 ( wget http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh -O alsa-info.sh && bash alsa-info.sh) 来获取更多信息。结果如下这里。