我继承了一个看起来像这样的遗留系统。
$ uname -a
Linux pos-sthlm-globe-as-209 2.4.19-dxx #10 Thu Dec 22 15:47:12 CET 2005 i686 GNU/Linux
niklros@pos-sthlm-globe-as-209:~$ gcc --version
2.95.4
它有我可以构建的源代码（它是所使用的 PCI 卡的 32 位驱动程序）：
# make clean
test -z "mtn.o" || rm -f mtn.o
rm -rf .libs _libs
rm -f *.o core *.core
rm -f *.lo
pos-sthlm-globe-as-209:~/mtn/dxxmtn# ls
BusMastHostApi.h bmhostif_parsed.h proc.c uaa.c
Makefile cc.c queue.c uaa.h
Makefile.am ct812.c ram.c uaa_msg.c
Makefile.in drawbridge.c ringbuf.c uniporte_parsed.c
PORT dump.c src uniporte_parsed.h
TODO log.c telem.c untar
UniPorte.h main.c telem_cmd.c usr
aaa memring.c telem_cons.c vpd.c
ac mtn telem_misc.c
bc.c mtn2100.rc tmp
bmhostif_parsed.c mtn_poll.c tty.c
pos-sthlm-globe-as-209:~/mtn/dxxmtn# make
if [ ! -f uniporte_parsed.c -a ! -f uniporte_parsed.h ]; then \
rm -f uniporte_parsed.c uniporte_parsed.h; \
../utils/grabenum.pl /usr/local/dxx/include/UniPorte.h -header > uniporte_parsed.c; \
for enum in uniporte_managed_object_indices uniport_disconnect_reason_enumeration uniporte_port_state_enumeration ; do \
echo "Grabbing enumerator $enum from /usr/local/dxx/include/UniPorte.h into uniporte_parsed.c..."; \
../utils/grabenum.pl /usr/local/dxx/include/UniPorte.h $enum -array >> uniporte_parsed.c; \
echo "extern char *$enum[];" >> uniporte_parsed.h; \
...
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/sched.h:770: warning: called from here
/bin/sh ../libtool --mode=link gcc -O -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -Wall -Winline -o mtn.o -r uniporte_parsed.o bmhostif_parsed.o uaa.o uaa_msg.o main.o bc.o cc.o mtn_poll.o tty.o ram.o vpd.o drawbridge.o ct812.o dump.o telem.o telem_cmd.o telem_misc.o queue.o ringbuf.o telem_cons.o log.o
mkdir .libs
/usr/bin/ld -r -o mtn.o uniporte_parsed.o bmhostif_parsed.o uaa.o uaa_msg.o main.o bc.o cc.o mtn_poll.o tty.o ram.o vpd.o drawbridge.o ct812.o dump.o telem.o telem_cmd.o telem_misc.o queue.o ringbuf.o telem_cons.o log.o
pos-sthlm-globe-as-209:~/mtn/dxxmtn# ls
BusMastHostApi.h ct812.c proc.c tmp
Makefile ct812.o queue.c tty.c
Makefile.am drawbridge.c queue.o tty.o
Makefile.in drawbridge.o ram.c uaa.c
PORT dump.c ram.o uaa.h
TODO dump.o ringbuf.c uaa.o
UniPorte.h log.c ringbuf.o uaa_msg.c
aaa log.o src uaa_msg.o
ac main.c telem.c uniporte_parsed.c
bc.c main.o telem.o uniporte_parsed.h
bc.o memring.c telem_cmd.c uniporte_parsed.o
bmhostif_parsed.c mtn telem_cmd.o untar
bmhostif_parsed.h mtn.o telem_cons.c usr
bmhostif_parsed.o mtn2100.rc telem_cons.o vpd.c
cc.c mtn_poll.c telem_misc.c vpd.o
cc.o mtn_poll.o telem_misc.o
pos-sthlm-globe-as-209:~/mtn/dxxmtn#
现在我尝试在本地计算机上的 Virtual Box VM 中复制它，但似乎失败了，我认为这是因为 gcc 是版本 3 而不是版本 2。
# uname -a
Linux debian 2.4.27-3-386 #1 Wed Dec 6 00:38:33 UTC 2006 i686 GNU/Linux
debian:/home/developer/mtn-copy/mtn-copy/mtn/dxxmtn# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 3.3.5 (Debian 1:3.3.5-13)
Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
debian:/home/developer/mtn-copy/mtn-copy/mtn/dxxmtn# make clean
test -z "mtn.o" || rm -f mtn.o
rm -rf .libs _libs
rm -f *.o core *.core
rm -f *.lo
debian:/home/developer/mtn-copy/mtn-copy/mtn/dxxmtn# ls
aaa gcc-2.95.3.tar proc.c tty.c
ac log.c queue.c uaa.c
bc.c main.c ram.c uaa.h
bmhostif_parsed.c Makefile ringbuf.c uaa_msg.c
bmhostif_parsed.h Makefile.am src UniPorte.h
BusMastHostApi.h Makefile.in telem.c uniporte_parsed.c
cc.c memring.c telem_cmd.c uniporte_parsed.h
ct812.c mtn telem_cons.c untar
drawbridge.c mtn2100.rc telem_misc.c usr
dump.c mtn_poll.c tmp usr-src-linux-include
gcc-2.95.3 PORT TODO vpd.c
debian:/home/developer/mtn-copy/mtn-copy/mtn/dxxmtn# make
if [ ! -f uniporte_parsed.c -a ! -f uniporte_parsed.h ]; then \
rm -f uniporte_parsed.c uniporte_parsed.h; \
...
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:205: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. -I/usr/local/dxx/include -I../mtnadm -I/usr/src/linux/include -include /usr/src/linux/include/linux/modversions.h -O -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -Wall -Winline -c telem_misc.c
In file included from mtn/mtn.h:436,
from mtn/telem_misc.h:28,
from telem_misc.c:34:
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/malloc.h:4:2: warning: #warning linux/malloc.h is deprecated, use linux/slab.h instead.
In file included from mtn/mtn.h:443,
from mtn/telem_misc.h:28,
from telem_misc.c:34:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h: In function `__constant_copy_from_user':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:561: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h: At top level:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:223: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:226: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:161: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:193: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:205: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. -I/usr/local/dxx/include -I../mtnadm -I/usr/src/linux/include -include /usr/src/linux/include/linux/modversions.h -O -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -Wall -Winline -c queue.c
In file included from mtn/mtn.h:436,
from mtn/queue.h:54,
from queue.c:70:
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/malloc.h:4:2: warning: #warning linux/malloc.h is deprecated, use linux/slab.h instead.
In file included from mtn/mtn.h:443,
from mtn/queue.h:54,
from queue.c:70:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h: In function `__constant_copy_from_user':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:561: warning: called from here
queue.c: In function `mtn_data_queue_add':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:557: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_from_user'
queue.c:367: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
queue.c:379: warning: called from here
queue.c: In function `mtn_data_queue_get':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
queue.c:443: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h: At top level:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:223: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:226: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:161: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:193: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:205: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I. -I.. -I/usr/local/dxx/include -I../mtnadm -I/usr/src/linux/include -include /usr/src/linux/include/linux/modversions.h -O -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -DMODVERSIONS -Wall -Winline -c ringbuf.c
ringbuf.c:43:19: errno.h: No such file or directory
In file included from ringbuf.c:45:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h: In function `__constant_copy_from_user':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:561: warning: called from here
In file included from mtn/mtn.h:436,
from ringbuf.c:47:
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/malloc.h:4:2: warning: #warning linux/malloc.h is deprecated, use linux/slab.h instead.
ringbuf.c: In function `mtn_ringbuf_readline':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:121: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:123: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:124: warning: called from here
ringbuf.c: In function `mtn_ringbuf_read':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:151: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:153: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:154: warning: called from here
ringbuf.c: In function `mtn_ringbuf_read_to_user':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:548: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_to_user'
ringbuf.c:181: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:548: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_to_user'
ringbuf.c:185: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:548: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_to_user'
ringbuf.c:185: warning: called from here
ringbuf.c: In function `mtn_ringbuf_write':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:214: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:216: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
ringbuf.c:217: warning: called from here
ringbuf.c: In function `mtn_ringbuf_write_from_user':
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:557: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_from_user'
ringbuf.c:245: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:557: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_from_user'
ringbuf.c:249: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/uaccess.h:557: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_copy_from_user'
ringbuf.c:249: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h: At top level:
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:223: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:222: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_memcpy'
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/siginfo.h:226: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:161: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:193: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:205: warning: called from here
/usr/src/linux/include/asm/string.h:457: warning: inlining failed in call to `__constant_c_and_count_memset'
/usr/src/linux/include/linux/signal.h:149: warning: called from here
make: *** [ringbuf.o] Error 1
debian:/home/developer/mtn-copy/mtn-copy/mtn/dxxmtn#
我的结论是否正确：VM 中的构建失败是因为 gcc 版本的差异，还是有其他原因导致构建失败？
答案1
您遇到的严重错误来自预处理器阶段（对于某些#include <errno.h>行）：
ringbuf.c:43:19: errno.h: 没有这样的文件或目录
（其他诊断只是警告；您应该理解它们中的每一个，但您可能 - 可能错误地 - 选择忽略它们；我建议改进代码，以便在最近的的版本海湾合作委员会-Wall -Wextra当前调用的是海湾合作委员会72017 年 7 月）
在我的 Debian 系统上，<errno.h>标头/usr/include/errno.h由libc6-dev软件包提供。您应该安装等效的东西。
正如我评论的那样，你可以一些gcc你的系统上的版本（在我最近的 Debian 上，我可以安装gcc-5和gcc-6&gcc-7软件包，并且我还可以在 下编译和构建一些最新版本/usr/local/bin/）。
但是，<errno.h>这不是编译器提供的标头，因此安装另一个标头海湾合作委员会 （例如降级）不会有帮助。