/var不幸的是，我错过了并突然改变了整个文件夹内容的权限（chown -R www-data:www-data ../../但我在里面/var/www_virthost/mydomain），我猜是什么问题；）
但问题是我不记得下一个文件夹的所有者/组是谁
backups
cache
crash
lib
lob
local
lock -> /run/lock
log
mail
opt
run -> /run
spool
tmp
www
谢谢
答案1
/var/可能是整个操作系统中最复杂的所有权设置。它并非全部由 root 拥有，这样做的危害与让用户拥有一切一样大。如果保持这种状态，有些东西将无法正常工作，即桌面。
如果你想查看正在处理的用户和所有者的数组，请查看以下命令在职的系统：
sudo ls -lR /var | awk '/^[^/]/ {print $3 " " $4}' | sort -u
在我的系统上，59清楚的用户/所有者组合/var/。我估计大多数人都会在这时候放弃并重新安装。说实话，如果你还没有那到目前为止，您的计算机都已安装完毕，因此不会因安装不当而造成太大损失。而且几乎可以肯定安装速度会更快。
如果你还在读这篇文章，那说明你完全疯了，但你也有同感。让我们从拥有一切开始吧root:root。
sudo chown -R root: /var
现在我们必须纠正那些不是 root 且不能被 root 执行的内容。我编写了一个简短的命令，它显示了不是由 root:root 拥有。
在输出中，我删除了一些与很多人不相关的内容（nginx、rabbitmq、schroot 内容、lxc 等等）。这些都是专业内容。如果您已经破坏了这些权限，请向我索要输出，我会将其包括在内。我还使用通配符分解了一些由同一用户/组拥有的大型目录。
我添加了此输出，以便您可以看到事物应该如何拥有。您可以手动chown将事物分配给大致正确的用户/组。oli是我的$USER。
$ sudo find /var/ -not \( -user 0 -group 0 \) -not -path "/var/lib/schroot/*" -not -path "/var/cache/*" -not -path "/var/tmp/*" -printf "%p,%u:%g\n" | grep -viE "(squeeze|rabbitmq|nginx|lxc|postfix)" | sort -u | column -t -c 80 -s ,
/var/backups/gshadow.bak root:shadow
/var/backups/shadow.bak root:shadow
/var/crash/* root:whoopsie
/var/lib/avahi-autoipd/6c:f0:49:54:0b:80 avahi-autoipd:avahi-autoipd
/var/lib/avahi-autoipd avahi-autoipd:avahi-autoipd
/var/lib/colord/* colord:colord
/var/lib/libuuid libuuid:libuuid
/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db root:mlocate
/var/lib/nfs/sm.bak statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs/sm statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs statd:nogroup
/var/lib/nfs/state statd:root
/var/lib/samba/usershares/films oli:oli
/var/lib/samba/usershares/incoming oli:oli
/var/lib/samba/usershares root:sambashare
/var/lib/samba/usershares/tv oli:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/0 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/10 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/11 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/12 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/13 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/14 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/1 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/2 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/3 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/4 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/5 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/6 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/7 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/8 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/9 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/console root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/tty1 root:oli
/var/lib/sudo/oli/tty2 root:oli
/var/lib/lightdm/* lightdm:lightdm
/var/local root:staff
/var/log/apport.log.1 root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.5.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.6.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log.7.gz root:adm
/var/log/apport.log root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.1.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.5.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.6.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log.7.gz root:adm
/var/log/apt/term.log root:adm
/var/log/auth.log.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.2.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.3.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log.4.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/auth.log syslog:adm
/var/log/boot root:adm
/var/log/btmp.1 root:utmp
/var/log/btmp root:utmp
/var/log/cups/access_log.1.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.5.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.6.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log.7.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/access_log root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.1.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.5.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.6.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log.7.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/error_log root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.1.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.5.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.6.gz root:adm
/var/log/cups/page_log.7.gz root:lpadmin
/var/log/cups/page_log root:adm
/var/log/cups root:lpadmin
/var/log/dist-upgrade/20121107-0129/apt-term.log root:adm
/var/log/dist-upgrade/20130426-1402/apt-term.log root:adm
/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt-term.log root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.0 root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.1.gz root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/dmesg.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/dmesg root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.1 root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.2.gz root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.3.gz root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log.4.gz root:adm
/var/log/fail2ban.log root:adm
/var/log/fsck/checkfs root:adm
/var/log/fsck/checkroot root:adm
/var/log/hp/hp-upgrade.log oli:oli
/var/log/hp root:lp
/var/log/hp/tmp root:lp
/var/log/installer/syslog syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.2.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.3.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log.4.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/kern.log syslog:adm
/var/log/lastlog root:utmp
/var/log/mail.err.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.2.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.3.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err.4.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.err syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.2.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.3.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log.4.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/mail.log syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.crit syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.err syslog:adm
/var/log/news/news.notice syslog:adm
/var/log/speech-dispatcher speech-dispatcher:root
/var/log/syslog.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.2.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.3.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.4.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.5.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.6.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog.7.gz syslog:adm
/var/log/syslog syslog:adm
/var/log/ufw.log.1 syslog:adm
/var/log/ufw.log syslog:adm
/var/log/wtmp.1 root:utmp
/var/log/wtmp root:utmp
/var/mail/oli oli:mail
/var/mail root:mail
/var/mail/root root:mail
/var/metrics root:whoopsie
/var/spool/cron/atjobs/a000020152342b oli:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atjobs daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atjobs/.SEQ daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/atspool daemon:daemon
/var/spool/cron/crontabs/oli oli:crontab
/var/spool/cron/crontabs root:crontab
/var/spool/cups/c00075 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00076 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00077 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/c00078 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00075-001 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00076-001 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00077-001 root:lp
/var/spool/cups/d00078-001 root:lp
/var/spool/cups root:lp
/var/spool/cups/tmp root:lp
/var/spool/rsyslog syslog:adm