我有一个 128G 的 USB 驱动器，但 Ubuntu 无法安装它，看不到它的分区，也不允许我格式化它。
dmesg：
[ 3124.001070] scsi host8: usb-storage 3-6:1.0
[ 3125.001042] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer Blade 1.27 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[ 3125.001511] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[ 3125.002864] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] 250085376 512-byte logical blocks: (128 GB/119 GiB)
[ 3125.004512] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 3125.004516] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[ 3125.004788] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 3155.886694] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3186.917281] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3217.963891] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3248.930474] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3259.170022] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3275.409403] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3275.649387] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3285.888788] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
[ 3286.017438] sd 8:0:0:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery
[ 3286.017447] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_ABORT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 3286.017450] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#0 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00
[ 3286.017452] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 0
[ 3286.017455] Buffer I/O error on dev sdb, logical block 0, async page read
[ 3286.017491] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017499] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017502] ldm_validate_partition_table(): Disk read failed.
[ 3286.017505] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017509] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017512] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017516] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017518] Dev sdb: unable to read RDB block 0
[ 3286.017521] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017525] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017533] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017537] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017540] sd 8:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[ 3286.017542] sdb: unable to read partition table
[ 3286.017654] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk
[ 3507.045052] usb 3-6: USB disconnect, device number 9
[ 3532.849931] usb 3-6: new high-speed USB device number 10 using xhci_hcd
[ 3534.530519] usb 3-6: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
[ 3534.530525] usb 3-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 3534.530528] usb 3-6: Product: Cruzer Blade
[ 3534.530530] usb 3-6: Manufacturer: SanDisk
[ 3534.530532] usb 3-6: SerialNumber: 4C530000360119115540
[ 3534.531122] usb-storage 3-6:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 3534.532419] scsi host9: usb-storage 3-6:1.0
[ 3535.530816] scsi 9:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer Blade 1.27 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[ 3535.531338] sd 9:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[ 3535.532651] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdb] 250085376 512-byte logical blocks: (128 GB/119 GiB)
[ 3535.534275] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 3535.534282] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[ 3535.534600] sd 9:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
USB2 端口上的 dmesg：
[13712.795990] usb 3-6: new high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13714.424628] usb 3-6: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
[13714.424632] usb 3-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[13714.424634] usb 3-6: Product: Cruzer Blade
[13714.424636] usb 3-6: Manufacturer: SanDisk
[13714.424637] usb 3-6: SerialNumber: 4C530000360119115540
[13714.425386] usb-storage 3-6:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[13714.425523] scsi host10: usb-storage 3-6:1.0
[13715.425303] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer Blade 1.27 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[13715.425690] sd 10:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[13715.427008] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] 250085376 512-byte logical blocks: (128 GB/119 GiB)
[13715.428665] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[13715.428668] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[13715.428953] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[13746.221203] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13777.190106] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13808.175044] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13839.208027] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13849.452206] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13865.692838] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13865.988708] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13876.229026] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 16 using xhci_hcd
[13876.357892] sd 10:0:0:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery
[13876.357912] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_ABORT driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[13876.357919] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] tag#0 CDB: Read(10) 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08 00
[13876.357924] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sdb, sector 0
[13876.357931] Buffer I/O error on dev sdb, logical block 0, async page read
[13876.358015] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358042] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358049] ldm_validate_partition_table(): Disk read failed.
[13876.358059] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358069] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358080] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358090] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358097] Dev sdb: unable to read RDB block 0
[13876.358105] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358116] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358136] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358147] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358158] sd 10:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device
[13876.358163] sdb: unable to read partition table
[13876.358568] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk
文件系统检查：
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ sudo fsck -n /dev/sd
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sda5 /dev/sdb
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ sudo fsck -n /dev/sdb
fsck from util-linux 2.27.1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
fsck.ext2: No such device or address while trying to open /dev/sdb
Possibly non-existent or swap device?
lsusb：
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ lsusb
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp.
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 003: ID 138a:0017 Validity Sensors, Inc. Fingerprint Reader
Bus 003 Device 010: ID 0781:5567 SanDisk Corp. Cruzer Blade
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 058f:9540 Alcor Micro Corp. AU9540 Smartcard Reader
Bus 003 Device 006: ID 04f2:b39a Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
Bus 003 Device 004: ID 0bdb:193e Ericsson Business Mobile Networks BV
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
尝试格式化：
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ sudo mkfs.fat /dev/sdb -I
mkfs.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
/dev/sdb: No such device or address
找不到任何解决方案。如能提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。
编辑：在磁盘应用程序中我发现了这个：
我尝试的另一件事：
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ sudo tune2fs -l /dev/sdb
tune2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
tune2fs: No such device or address while trying to open /dev/sdb
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
我尝试的另一件事是改变设备的状态并对其进行格式化：
sela@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~$ sudo -s
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~# cat /sys/bus/scsi/devices/7\:0\:0\:0/state
offline
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~# echo running > /sys/bus/scsi/devices/7\:0\:0\:0/state
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~# cat /sys/bus/scsi/devices/7\:0\:0\:0/state
running
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~# mkdosfs -v -n 'SELA111' -I /dev/sdb
sdb
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~# mkdosfs -v -n 'SELA111' -I /dev/sdb
mkfs.fat 3.0.28 (2015-05-16)
/dev/sdb: No medium found
root@sela-ThinkPad-T440p:~#
与此堆栈跟踪相关吗？
[ 6478.677549] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 15 using xhci_hcd
[ 6480.129365] INFO: task kworker/u16:4:4979 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
[ 6480.129369] Not tainted 4.4.0-24-generic #43-Ubuntu
[ 6480.129370] "echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
[ 6480.129372] kworker/u16:4 D ffff8804033a3848 0 4979 2 0x00000000
[ 6480.129380] Workqueue: events_unbound async_run_entry_fn
[ 6480.129381] ffff8804033a3848 ffff8804261f6a80 ffff88042c2d5280 ffff880425003700
[ 6480.129383] ffff8804033a4000 ffff88043e396d00 7fffffffffffffff ffffffff81822310
[ 6480.129385] ffff8804033a39a8 ffff8804033a3860 ffffffff81821b15 0000000000000000
[ 6480.129387] Call Trace:
[ 6480.129392] [<ffffffff81822310>] ? bit_wait+0x60/0x60
[ 6480.129395] [<ffffffff81821b15>] schedule+0x35/0x80
[ 6480.129397] [<ffffffff81824c35>] schedule_timeout+0x1b5/0x270
[ 6480.129401] [<ffffffff813bb526>] ? submit_bio+0x76/0x170
[ 6480.129403] [<ffffffff81822310>] ? bit_wait+0x60/0x60
[ 6480.129405] [<ffffffff81821044>] io_schedule_timeout+0xa4/0x110
[ 6480.129407] [<ffffffff8182232b>] bit_wait_io+0x1b/0x70
[ 6480.129409] [<ffffffff81821ebd>] __wait_on_bit+0x5d/0x90
[ 6480.129413] [<ffffffff812481d0>] ? blkdev_readpages+0x20/0x20
[ 6480.129416] [<ffffffff8118cd0b>] wait_on_page_bit+0xcb/0xf0
[ 6480.129421] [<ffffffff810c3bc0>] ? autoremove_wake_function+0x40/0x40
[ 6480.129423] [<ffffffff8118cf39>] wait_on_page_read+0x49/0x50
[ 6480.129426] [<ffffffff8118e56d>] do_read_cache_page+0x8d/0x1b0
[ 6480.129428] [<ffffffff8118e6a9>] read_cache_page+0x19/0x20
[ 6480.129430] [<ffffffff813ce77d>] read_dev_sector+0x2d/0x90
[ 6480.129433] [<ffffffff813d51fd>] read_lba+0x14d/0x210
[ 6480.129435] [<ffffffff813d5ab2>] efi_partition+0xf2/0x7d0
[ 6480.129438] [<ffffffff813f4ffb>] ? string.isra.4+0x3b/0xd0
[ 6480.129440] [<ffffffff813f6f39>] ? snprintf+0x49/0x60
[ 6480.129442] [<ffffffff813d59c0>] ? compare_gpts+0x280/0x280
[ 6480.129443] [<ffffffff813cfb2e>] check_partition+0x13e/0x220
[ 6480.129445] [<ffffffff813cf060>] rescan_partitions+0xc0/0x2b0
[ 6480.129447] [<ffffffff812490cd>] __blkdev_get+0x30d/0x460
[ 6480.129449] [<ffffffff8124968d>] blkdev_get+0x12d/0x340
[ 6480.129453] [<ffffffff812274f9>] ? unlock_new_inode+0x49/0x80
[ 6480.129455] [<ffffffff81248068>] ? bdget+0x118/0x130
[ 6480.129459] [<ffffffff813ccb13>] add_disk+0x403/0x490
[ 6480.129463] [<ffffffff815592a1>] ? update_autosuspend+0x51/0x60
[ 6480.129465] [<ffffffff8155936c>] ? __pm_runtime_use_autosuspend+0x5c/0x80
[ 6480.129469] [<ffffffff815c0845>] sd_probe_async+0x115/0x1d0
[ 6480.129471] [<ffffffff810a30a8>] async_run_entry_fn+0x48/0x150
[ 6480.129474] [<ffffffff8109a175>] process_one_work+0x165/0x480
[ 6480.129476] [<ffffffff8109a4db>] worker_thread+0x4b/0x4c0
[ 6480.129477] [<ffffffff8109a490>] ? process_one_work+0x480/0x480
[ 6480.129479] [<ffffffff8109a490>] ? process_one_work+0x480/0x480
[ 6480.129481] [<ffffffff810a06a8>] kthread+0xd8/0xf0
[ 6480.129483] [<ffffffff810a05d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1e0/0x1e0
[ 6480.129484] [<ffffffff81825f8f>] ret_from_fork+0x3f/0x70
[ 6480.129486] [<ffffffff810a05d0>] ? kthread_create_on_node+0x1e0/0x1e0
[ 6488.917955] usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 15 using xhci_hcd
答案1
由于某些原因，该设备突然被内核或 USB 控制器以非干净的方式删除，因此留下了那些/dev节点工件。
这是一个 USB2 设备！
正如我看到的规格数据SanDisk Cruzer Blade.:
Capacity 128 GB 64 GB 32 GB 16 GB 8 GB 4 GB
Generation USB 2.0 USB 2.0 USB 2.0 USB 2.0 USB 2.0 USB 2.0
它应该是 USB2 设备。因此它可能在 USB3 端口上存在问题
usb 3-6: reset high-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
...
usb 3-6: new high-speed USB device number 10 using xhci_hcd
将其更改为另一个 USB2 端口，您的笔记本电脑应该已经有 2 个端口（联想 ThinkPad T440p 规格。） 。
xhci_hcd从描述中可以清楚地看出它是 USB2 设备
USB 3-6：全新高速使用 xhci_hcd 的 USB 设备编号 10
USB3 设备应获得super-speed或super-speed+。参考：维基百科：USB，版本历史
选项 1.从 BIOS 禁用 USB3
它是手动的提及：
2 左侧，作为 USB3
2 右侧，为 USB（？如果有
+标志则是 USB2）BIOS 中有选项可以禁用 USB2 和 USB3 之间 2 个共享端口上的 USB3。哪一边？我不知道！
因此共享端口可能是右侧的端口。从 BIOS 禁用 USB3，看看
dmesg两侧的新输出是什么，以及的输出lsusb。
选项 2.升级 BIOS/UEFI
有新版本发布：
BIOS 更新实用程序 大小：5.7 MB 2.37 2016 年 4 月 28 日
发布说明中提到了一些 USB 问题，其中最有趣的是这个：
<2.19> UEFI: 2.19 / ECP: 1.08 - (Fix) Fixed an issue that might fail to boot the computer remotely. - (Fix) Fixed an issue where USB 3.0 device detection might fail when the device was attached via the USB 3.0 Hub and the USB 3.0 Mode option was set to Enabled in ThinkPad Setup.