我不擅长使用 Linux，但我可以应付过去。我的最终目标是让 RODBC 在 Shiny 应用程序中运行，以连接到 Oracle 11.1g 数据库。我的第一步是在 Ubuntu VM 上设置 Oracle 客户端。
Ubuntu 版本详情：
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS
Release: 14.04
Codename: trusty
我按照以下说明进行操作：
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Oracle%20Instant%20Client
安装客户端。我还包含了 odbc 包。我能够相当轻松地让 sqlplus 连接到数据库，但 shiny 中的 RODBC 仍然无法工作。当我尝试在终端窗口中使用 isql 时，它失败了。为了解决这个问题，我安装了 freeTDS。
sudo apt-get install unixodbc unixodbc-dev freetds-dev tdsodbc
我已经将以下文件配置成这样。
--- /etc/odbcinst.ini ---
[Oracle]
Description = Oracle ODBC Connection
Driver = /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libsqora.so.12.1
--- /etc/odbc.ini ---
[STODS1]
Driver = Oracle
ServerName = STODS1
Port = 1521
Database = STODS1
TDS_Version = 7.1
--- /etc/freetds/freetds.conf ---
[global]
tds version = 7.1
[STODS1]
host = stods1.xxxx.xxxxxxx.com
port = 1521
tds version = 7.1
通过此配置，我从不同的命令获得以下响应
isql STODS1 USER PASSWORD -v
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected! |
| |
| sql-statement |
| help [tablename] |
| quit |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
SQL>
可以看出，isql 运行良好
但是 osql 失败了。
sudo osql -S "STODS1" -U USER -P PASSWORD
checking shared odbc libraries linked to isql for default directories...
strings: '': No such file
trying /tmp/sql ... no
trying /tmp/sql ... no
trying /etc ... OK
checking odbc.ini files
reading /home/oper/.odbc.ini
[STODS1] not found in /home/oper/.odbc.ini
reading /etc/odbc.ini
[STODS1] found in /etc/odbc.ini
found this section:
[STODS1]
Driver = Oracle
ServerName = STODS1
Port = 1521
Database = STODS1
TDS_Version = 7.1
looking for driver for DSN [STODS1] in /etc/odbc.ini
found driver line: " Driver = Oracle"
driver "Oracle" found for [STODS1] in odbc.ini
found driver named "Oracle"
"Oracle" is not an executable file
looking for entry named [Oracle] in /etc/odbcinst.ini
found driver line: " Driver = /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64
/lib/libsqora.so.12.1"
found driver /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libsqora.so.12.1 for
[Oracle] in odbcinst.ini
/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libsqora.so.12.1 is an executable file
Using ODBC-Combined strategy
DSN [STODS1] has servername "STODS1" (from /etc/odbc.ini)
cannot read "/home/oper/.freetds.conf"
/etc/freetds/freetds.conf is a readable file
looking for [STODS1] in /etc/freetds/freetds.conf
found this section:
[STODS1]
host = stods1.xxxx.xxxxxx.com
port = 1521
tds version = 7.1
Configuration looks OK. Connection details:
DSN: STODS1
odbc.ini: /etc/odbc.ini
Driver: /usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64/lib/libsqora.so.12.1
Server hostname: stods1.xxxx.xxxxxx.com
Address: 10.17.16.44
Attempting connection as ESG_REPORT ...
+ isql STODS1 ESG_REPORT ESG_REPORT1 -v
[08004][unixODBC][Oracle][ODBC][Ora]ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the
connect identifier specified
[ISQL]ERROR: Could not SQLConnect
sed: can't read /tmp/osql.dump.25185: No such file or directory
我不明白为什么 osql 失败而 isql 可以工作，因为看起来 osql 在最后几行中使用了 isql。
tsql 也失败了，通过查看网络和手册，这似乎是由于 TDS 版本造成的，但我已经尝试了我所知道的所有 TDS 版本，包括配置文件中和强制使用 TDSVER。
tsql -S STODS1 -U USER -P PASWORD
locale is "en_GB.UTF-8"
locale charset is "UTF-8"
using default charset "UTF-8"
Error 20017 (severity 9):
Unexpected EOF from the server
OS error 115, "Operation now in progress"
Error 20002 (severity 9):
Adaptive Server connection failed
There was a problem connecting to the server
我想我已经包含了大部分信息，但如果还有其他需要，请告诉我。我已经为此工作了 5 天，所以有点厌倦了。任何帮助都很好。
谢谢
答案1
我不明白你为什么使用freetds.conf。它通常用于访问 Sybase 和 Microsoft MS SQL 数据库（参见其主页)。我会隐藏（或至少重命名）该freetds.conf文件并将所有内容放入odbc.ini文件中，如下所示（我让您决定用户 ID/密码是否最好编码在 ini 文件中或其他地方）：
--- /etc/odbc.ini ---
[STODS1]
Driver = Oracle
Server = stods1.xxxx.xxxxxxx.com
Port = 1521
Database = STODS1
USER = youroracleusername
PASSWORD = youroracleuserpassword