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防止`dd`破坏SSD或HDD

tag-icon • tag-icon hard-drive ssd dd undelete
防止`dd`破坏SSD或HDD

我有两块 SSD 和一块 HDD。

当我使用时，sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd count=1000好事发生了，我从 USB 闪存驱动器中删除了分区。

当我使用时sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb count=1000，发生了不好的事情，我从 500 GB 硬盘中丢失了 Windows 7 和 Ubuntu 14.04 分区。

坏事发生过一次。我怎样才能避免dd再次发生？

即检查of=不包含sda、sdb或sdc。

答案1

创建dd包装器脚本

Ctrl使用+ Alt+打开终端T。然后调用gedit：

gksu gedit /usr/local/bin/dd

并复制并粘贴以下命令：

#!/bin/bash

# Who called this script?
PARENT_COMMAND="$(ps -o comm= $PPID)"   
if [[ $(id -u) != 0 ]]; then # Only non-root processes enter password (ie "sudo dd ..." is ok)
    echo dd must be called with sudo powers
    exit 1
fi

# log dd usage for audit trails
# log-file '"$PARENT_COMMAND"" - ""$@"' "/var/log/dd-usage"

# Display hints & arguments. Get any key to proceed or <Ctrl>+C to abort
echo "╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗"
echo "║                                                                ║"
echo "║                      dd - Data Duplicator                      ║"
echo "║                                                                ║"
echo "╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"
echo
echo " Parameter 1 hint: if=/dev/zero"
echo " Parameter 2 hint: of=/dev/sdY where Y cannot be a, b or c"
echo " Parms >2 hints:   bs=512 is default block size"
echo " Parms >2 hints:   count=100 will process 100 blocks"
echo
echo " Use /bin/dd --help for more info (don't use dd --help)"
echo
# Display drive letterss, names and sizes without partitions for guide
lsblk -ido KNAME,TYPE,SIZE,MODEL
echo
echo " Current parameters: "”$@”
echo
echo "      Press <Enter> to continue or <Ctrl>+C to abort."

read ANYKEY

if [[ "$2" != of=* ]]; then
    echo -e "\a" # PC speaker beep or pleasant bell with PulseAudio hooks
    echo "ERROR! Parameter 2 must start with 'of=' (output file=)"
    exit 2
fi

if [[ "$2" =~ "sda" ]]; then
    echo -e "\a" # PC speaker beep or pleasant bell with PulseAudio hooks
    echo "ERROR! Output file (of=) cannot be /dev/sda"
    exit 2
fi

if [[ "$2" =~ "sdb" ]]; then
    echo -e "\a" # PC speaker beep or pleasant bell with PulseAudio hooks
    echo "ERROR! Output file (of=) cannot be /dev/sdb"
    exit 2
fi

if [[ "$2" =~ "sdc" ]]; then
    echo -e "\a" # PC speaker beep or pleasant bell with PulseAudio hooks
    echo "ERROR! Output file (of=) cannot be /dev/sdc"
    exit 2
fi  

# Call REAL dd command with parameters passed to this wrapper sript
/bin/dd "$@"

exit 0

保存文件并退出gedit。

最后将新文件标记dd为可执行文件：

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/dd

外观

dd下面是当您在不使用受保护的驱动器的情况下调用新脚本时它在终端屏幕上的显示方式。

$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd bs=512 count=100
╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                                                                ║
║                       dd - Data Duplicator                     ║
║                                                                ║
╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝

 Parameter 1 hint: if=/dev/zero
 Parameter 2 hint: of=/dev/sdY where Y cannot be a, b or c
 Parms >2 hints:   bs=512 is default block size
 Parms >2 hints:   count=100 will process 100 blocks

 Use /bin/dd --help for more info (don't use dd --help)

KNAME TYPE   SIZE MODEL
sda   disk 223.6G KINGSTON SHSS37A
sdb   disk 465.8G ST9500423AS     
sdc   disk 119.2G KingFast        
sdd   disk  29.8G USB Flash Drive 
sr0   rom   1024M DVD+-RW GT80N   

 Current parameters: 'if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd bs=512 count=100'

      Press <Enter> to continue or <Ctrl>+C to abort.

100+0 records in
100+0 records out
51200 bytes (51 kB, 50 KiB) copied, 0.00339331 s, 15.1 MB/s

笔记

因为包装器脚本位于，所以/usr/local/bin它在存储在的常规命令之前被调用/bin。

第二个参数必须以 开头，of=并且不能包含sda、sdb或sdc，根据您的安装添加更多驱动器来保护或减去驱动器。

线条绘制字符可能无法在较旧的平台或不同的字符集上使用。使用“+---+”表示顶部和底部线条，使用“|”表示中间线条，或者将它们全部删除。

log-file是用于记录命令以审计文件的脚本。您可以将其替换为您自己的命令，并通过删除前导 来取消注释该行#。

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