我已经在 Ubuntu 服务器 17.04 上工作了一周，但从今天开始我无法访问它。当我尝试使用 SSH 登录时，登录被拒绝，当我尝试直接在 Hyper-V VM 上登录时，它会成功登录，然后返回到登录屏幕（控制台，而不是 GUI）。
有什么办法可以让我重新登录我的服务器吗？
我尝试使用恢复，但它直接让我进入正常启动。我尝试在 grub 语句后添加init=/bin/bash或/bin/sh，但它不起作用。它对我的所有用户都这样。
使用 live-cd 我能够从系统日志中获取一些额外的信息。
Sep 4 14:12:02 server systemd[1]: Started Getty on tty1.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Created slice User Slice of gabadmin.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Starting User Manager for UID 1000...
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Started Session 4 of user gabadmin.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Starting D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Timers.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Paths.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Listening on D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Sockets.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Basic System.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Default.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Startup finished in 7ms.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 1000.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: [email protected]: Service has no hold-off time, scheduling restart.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Stopped Getty on tty1.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Started Getty on tty1.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Stopping User Manager for UID 1000...
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Stopped target Default.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Stopped target Basic System.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Stopped target Paths.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Stopped target Sockets.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Closed D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Reached target Shutdown.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Starting Exit the Session...
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Stopped target Timers.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[2413]: Received SIGRTMIN+24 from PID 2423 (kill).
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Stopped User Manager for UID 1000.
Sep 4 14:12:06 server systemd[1]: Removed slice User Slice of gabadmin.
如果我检查正常服务器日志，它显示：
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[1]: Created slice User Slice of gabadmin.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[1]: Starting User Manager for UID 1000...
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[1]: Started Session 161 of user gabadmin.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Reached target Paths.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Reached target Timers.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Starting D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Listening on D-Bus User Message Bus Socket.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Reached target Sockets.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Reached target Basic System.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Reached target Default.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[36312]: Startup finished in 18ms.
Sep 2 22:01:50 server systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 1000.
Sep 2 22:09:01 server CRON[36634]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php/sessionclean ] && if [ ! -d /run/systemd/system ]; then /usr/lib/php/sessionclean; fi)
Sep 2 22:09:03 server systemd[1]: Starting Clean php session files...
Sep 2 22:09:03 server systemd[1]: Started Clean php session files.
Sep 2 22:16:39 server systemd[1]: Starting Daily apt activities...
Sep 2 22:16:41 server systemd[1]: Started Daily apt activities.
Sep 2 22:17:01 server CRON[37149]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Sep 2 22:18:21 server systemd[1]: Created slice User Slice of server.
答案1
我找到解决方案了！基本上，Bash 二进制文件已从我的计算机中删除。
我用过：http://howtoubuntu.org/how-to-repair-restore-reinstall-grub-2-with-a-ubuntu-live-cd
尝试获取 root 权限，但我发现没有 bash
- 固定的