我进行了一次更新，其中包括内核升级，之后我的 Wifi 和以太网停止工作。我尝试了一些命令，包括 Ubuntu 建议的命令：
$ sudo apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-4.15.0-23 linux-headers-4.15.0-23-generic
linux-image-4.15.0-23-generic linux-modules-4.15.0-23-generic
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-23-generic linux-tools-4.15.0-23
linux-tools-4.15.0-23-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/32.7 MB of archives.
After this operation, 171 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 325661 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic_4.15.0-29.31_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic (4.15.0-29.31) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-29-generic_4.15.0-29.31_amd64.deb (--unpack):
unable to open '/lib/modules/4.15.0-29-generic/kernel/drivers/media/radio/radio-raremono.ko.dpkg-new': Operation not permitted
Segmentation fault
我唯一能连接的方式是重启并从 GRUB 菜单中选择上一个内核。那么我该如何解决这个“分段错误”？或者修复“不允许操作”？
$ cat /proc/mounts
sysfs /sys sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
proc /proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
udev /dev devtmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,size=1933644k,nr_inodes=483411,mode=755 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0
tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=392836k,mode=755 0 0
/dev/sda2 / ext4 rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered 0 0
securityfs /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0
tmpfs /run/lock tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k 0 0
tmpfs /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/unified cgroup2 rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd 0 0
pstore /sys/fs/pstore pstore rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
efivarfs /sys/firmware/efi/efivars efivarfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/memory cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/devices cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/pids cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb 0 0
cgroup /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,rdma 0 0
systemd-1 /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc autofs rw,relatime,fd=35,pgrp=1,timeout=0,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct,pipe_ino=13989 0 0
mqueue /dev/mqueue mqueue rw,relatime 0 0
debugfs /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw,relatime 0 0
hugetlbfs /dev/hugepages hugetlbfs rw,relatime,pagesize=2M 0 0
fusectl /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw,relatime 0 0
configfs /sys/kernel/config configfs rw,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop1 /snap/gnome-calculator/178 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop0 /snap/core/4830 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop2 /snap/0ad/18 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop3 /snap/vlc/365 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop5 /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/64 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop4 /snap/googler/50 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop6 /snap/0ad/30 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop7 /snap/nmap/29 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop8 /snap/gnome-calculator/170 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop9 /snap/notepad-plus-plus/77 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop10 /snap/canonical-livepatch/41 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop11 /snap/gnome-characters/103 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop13 /snap/gtk-common-themes/319 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop14 /snap/core/4650 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop15 /snap/gnome-logs/34 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop12 /snap/core/4917 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop16 /snap/pdftk-smoser/18 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop17 /snap/gnome-logs/31 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop20 /snap/canonical-livepatch/39 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop18 /snap/qcomicbook/1 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop19 /snap/gnome-characters/96 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop21 /snap/ufw/95 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop22 /snap/skype/45 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop24 /snap/communitheme/575 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop27 /snap/audovia/57 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop28 /snap/hashit/324 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop29 /snap/gnome-logs/37 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop33 /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/62 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop25 /snap/toilet-deej/1 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop26 /snap/ufw/14 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop30 /snap/gnome-calculator/180 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop31 /snap/gnome-characters/101 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop32 /snap/communitheme/614 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop23 /snap/communitheme/533 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop34 /snap/vlc/190 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop38 /snap/gnome-system-monitor/41 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop42 /snap/gnome-system-monitor/45 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop35 /snap/skype/41 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop36 /snap/pdftk/1 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop37 /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/70 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop40 /snap/notepad-plus-plus/74 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop39 /snap/notepad-plus-plus/70 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop43 /snap/gnome-system-monitor/51 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop41 /snap/skype/38 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/loop44 /snap/freemind/2 squashfs ro,nodev,relatime 0 0
/dev/sda1 /boot/efi vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro 0 0
binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,relatime 0 0
tmpfs /run/user/119 tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=392832k,mode=700,uid=119,gid=125 0 0
tmpfs /run/snapd/ns tmpfs rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=392836k,mode=755 0 0
nsfs /run/snapd/ns/canonical-livepatch.mnt nsfs rw 0 0
nsfs /run/snapd/ns/ufw.mnt nsfs rw 0 0
tmpfs /run/user/1000 tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,size=392832k,mode=700,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0
gvfsd-fuse /run/user/1000/gvfs fuse.gvfsd-fuse rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=1000,group_id=1000 0 0
$ readlink /proc/self/root
/
现在这里挂起了...sudo dpkg --configure -a 设置 bcmwl-kernel-source (6.30.223.271+bdcom-0ubuntu4)...删除旧的 bcmwl-6.30.223.271+bdcom DKMS 文件...
-------- 卸载开始 -------- 模块：bcmwl 版本：6.30.223.271+bdcom
内核：4.15.0-24-通用（x86_64）
状态：此模块版本对于此内核不活跃。depmod....
DKMS：卸载完成。
删除模块版本：6.30.223.271+bdcom
完全来自 DKMS 树。
完成。正在加载新的 bcmwl-6.30.223.271+bdcom DKMS 文件... 为 4.15.0-24-generic 构建 为 x86_64 架构构建 为 4.15.0-24-generic 构建初始模块 <<<<<<<<
答案1
从 4.15.0-23 更新到 4.15.0-29 后，我的 wifi 断线了（在装有 Intel Centrino Wireless-N 100 wifi 适配器的 Acer Aspire One 上）。通过 GRUB 菜单，我重新启动到 -23，wifi 仍然可用，我用了好几天。
从 来自此主题， 我用了
apt policy linux-generic
发现内核 4.15.0-30 现已发布。我更新了该版本 + wifi 又可以使用了。
我还使用以下命令从系统中删除了 -29：
sudo apt remove linux-image-4.15.0-29-generic linux-headers-4.15.0-29-generic
进而
sudo update-grub2
所以我现在在系统 + 中的 GRUB 菜单中拥有内核版本 -23 和 -30。