Patriot 突发驱动器上 Ubuntu 17.04 升级后出现 EXT4-fs 错误

Question

我看到了一些针对三星驱动器的解决方案，但没有针对这个的解决方案。我尝试安装他们的实用程序：

sudo nvme list
[sudo] password for user: 
Node             SN                   Model                                    Namespace Usage                      Format           FW Rev  
---------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------- -------------------------- ---------------- --------

我的驱动器上没有显示任何内容。

这是smartctl：

$ sudo smartctl -data -A /dev/sda
smartctl 6.6 2016-05-31 r4324 [x86_64-linux-4.15.0-45-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       145
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       63
168 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
170 Unknown_Attribute       0x0003   057   057   010    Pre-fail  Always       -       482
173 Unknown_Attribute       0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       1
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       31
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0023   067   067   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       33 (Min/Max 33/33)
218 Unknown_Attribute       0x000b   100   100   050    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
231 Temperature_Celsius     0x0013   100   100   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       100
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0012   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       52


Here is Fdisk -L:

Disk /dev/sda: 223.6 GiB, 240057409536 bytes, 468862128 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9a235438

Device     Boot     Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *         2048 343861247 343859200  164G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       343863294 468860927 124997634 59.6G  5 Extended

and sudo lshw -C disk

  *-disk
       description: ATA Disk
       product: Patriot Burst
       physical id: 0.0.0
       bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
       logical name: /dev/sda
       version: 91.2
       serial: C44207870E6305356456
       size: 223GiB (240GB)
       capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
       configuration: ansiversion=5 logicalsectorsize=512 sectorsize=512 signature=9a235438