我的系统启动需要 2 分钟以上。我有一台 HP Omen 笔记本电脑，双启动，装有 Windows 10 和 Ubuntu Studio 18.04.2 LTS。
- CPU：英特尔酷睿 i7-7700 (4核) 2.8GHz
- 内存：12 GiB
- 显卡：Radeon RX580
- 硬盘：1TB
浏览类似问题时，我看到帖子说交换 UUID 命名不正确。我确认情况并非如此。我找不到任何其他解释或解决方案。
结果如下systemd-analyze blame/time：
$ systemd-analyze blame
1min 57.885s apt-daily-upgrade.service
39.575s systemd-journal-flush.service
23.990s dev-sda6.device
19.274s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
17.718s mpd.service
15.864s systemd-sysctl.service
8.998s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
6.845s snapd.service
5.360s udisks2.service
4.877s thermald.service
4.537s ModemManager.service
4.386s NetworkManager.service
3.865s systemd-modules-load.service
3.655s smbd.service
3.248s iio-sensor-proxy.service
3.153s keyboard-setup.service
3.140s accounts-daemon.service
3.122s networkd-dispatcher.service
2.825s gpu-manager.service
2.724s [email protected]
2.629s nmbd.service
2.214s grub-common.service
2.034s lightdm.service
2.029s plymouth-quit-wait.service
2.006s wpa_supplicant.service
1.955s rtirq.service
1.703s apt-daily.service
1.548s avahi-daemon.service
1.545s upower.service
1.329s systemd-logind.service
1.182s motd-news.service
1.091s polkit.service
1.050s resolvconf.service
900ms systemd-resolved.service
847ms colord.service
812ms dev-loop3.device
777ms ssh.service
774ms systemd-random-seed.service
764ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
763ms systemd-remount-fs.service
762ms dev-hugepages.mount
762ms dev-mqueue.mount
752ms media-lilphoenix-E014555514553030.mount
680ms snap-core-6818.mount
674ms rsyslog.service
670ms dev-loop1.device
656ms apparmor.service
609ms snap-core-6964.mount
595ms ufw.service
588ms snap-core-6673.mount
567ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-18B6\x2d2C28.service
541ms virtualbox.service
475ms dev-loop0.device
465ms binfmt-support.service
444ms systemd-tmpfiles-clean.servicelines
1-55...跳过...
分析时间
$ systemd-analyze time
Startup finished in 4.335s (firmware) + 12.627s (loader) + 36.910s (kernel) + 1min 34.122s (userspace) = 2min 27.995s graphical.target reached after 1min 8.866s in userspace````
~$ systemd-analyze critical-chain
The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit takes to start is printed after the "+" character.
graphical.target @1min 8.866s
└─multi-user.target @1min 8.866s
└─mpd.service @51.147s +17.718s
└─network.target @51.144s
└─NetworkManager.service @46.758s +4.386s
└─dbus.service @45.509s
└─basic.target @45.456s
└─sockets.target @45.456s
└─snapd.socket @45.455s +621us
└─sysinit.target @44.946s
└─systemd-timesyncd.service @44.554s +392ms
└─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service @44.228s +293ms
└─systemd-journal-flush.service @4.651s +39.575s
└─systemd-remount-fs.service @3.884s +763ms
└─systemd-journald.socket @3.882s
└─system.slice @3.882s
└─-.slice @3.859s
似乎很多人都有类似的问题，但如果不是 UUID 解决方案，很少有人能解决问题。任何帮助都将不胜感激。
~$ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 18B6-2C28 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 3C3EA08F3EA043AC -> ../../sda3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 53c7d176-56fa-43b7-867a-b0168427850e -> ../../sda6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 7ACC8F67CC8F1D0F -> ../../sda4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 82B6FF43B6FF35EF -> ../../sda5
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 6 14:47 e4e01ee5-bf4c-4346-8363-92869f6b1a6a -> ../../sda8
~$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=53c7d176-56fa-43b7-867a-b0168427850e / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=18B6-2C28 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda8 upon reconfiguration
# UUID=e4e01ee5-bf4c-4346-8363-92869f6b1a6a none swap sw 0 0 ```
答案1
我的启动时间也差不多。我只有 Ubuntu。
Ubuntu 18.04.3 Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-3930K CPU @ 4.2GHz RAM 16G 500G WD5000 磁盘。
我安装了 SSD，启动时间好多了。