我最近安装了（带有格式化磁盘选项）一个干净的 Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS。（一切都是新的，除了 VS、Unity 和其他开箱即用的东西之外，没有任何垃圾/自定义设置）
使用 ultracopier 2.2.4.7，我将 500gb 的文件从外部 USB NTFS 驱动器复制到另一个（相同型号）外部磁盘。
在某个时候，复制开始失败。我注意到目标驱动器已卸载。制作较小的副本，即每个副本的文件较少，效果会更好。直到我无法再次安装目标驱动器（错误“（udisk-error-quark，0）”）。使用“磁盘”，我“修复”分区的文件系统，这似乎解决了安装文件系统的问题。
但现在，我注意到目标驱动器 (Joshua4TB) 在执行重要文件操作时会自行卸载并重新安装。例如，显示约有 33,000 个文件的文件夹的属性。
我在 Ubuntu 16 上没有遇到过这种问题。请注意，目标磁盘也是全新的。
使用磁盘“检查文件系统”，未发现任何错误，再次执行“修复文件系统”成功。（但我不清楚是否确实修复了某些问题）
我该如何修复驱动器？问题是什么？
/var/log/syslog 条目：自动挂载、错误、自动卸载和自动挂载之间
Apr 16 02:07:59 buntu systemd-udevd[11443]: sdc: Process '/usr/bin/unshare -m /usr/bin/snap auto-import --mount=/dev/sdc' failed with exit code 1.
Apr 16 02:07:59 buntu systemd-udevd[11443]: sdc1: Process '/usr/bin/unshare -m /usr/bin/snap auto-import --mount=/dev/sdc1' failed with exit code 1.
Apr 16 02:07:59 buntu kernel: [ 9491.528096] ntfs3: Unknown parameter 'windows_names'
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Version 2021.8.22 integrated FUSE 28
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Mounted /dev/sdc1 (Read-Write, label "Joshua4TB", NTFS 3.1)
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Cmdline options: rw,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,windows_names,uhelper=udisks2
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Mount options: nodev,nosuid,uhelper=udisks2,allow_other,nonempty,relatime,rw,default_permissions,fsname=/dev/sdc1,blkdev,blksize=4096
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu udisksd[826]: Mounted /dev/sdc1 at /media/gm/Joshua4TB on behalf of uid 1000
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Global ownership and permissions enforced, configuration type 7
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu dbus-daemon[1489]: [session uid=1000 pid=1489] Activating service name='org.gnome.Shell.HotplugSniffer' requested by ':1.31' (uid=1000 pid=1656 comm="/usr/bin/gnome-shell " label="unconfined")
Apr 16 02:08:02 buntu dbus-daemon[1489]: [session uid=1000 pid=1489] Successfully activated service 'org.gnome.Shell.HotplugSniffer'
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691265] usb 4-1: USB disconnect, device number 23
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691424] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: WARN Set TR Deq Ptr cmd failed due to incorrect slot or ep state.
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691498] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691510] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] tag#0 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 00 44 83 4b 48 00 00 00 08 00 00
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691515] I/O error, dev sdc, sector 1149455176 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691619] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1149455176 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.691637] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 143681641, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.692665] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1149750088 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.692686] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1149750088 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.692689] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 143718505, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.693077] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1150634824 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.693099] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1150634824 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.693103] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 143829097, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.699185] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1150929736 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.699207] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 1150929736 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.699210] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 143865961, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700264] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 324936 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700281] device offline error, dev sdc, sector 324936 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700283] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 40361, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700497] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 40361, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700787] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 144087145, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.700979] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 124271055, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.701099] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 124271055, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu kernel: [ 9581.701335] Buffer I/O error on dev sdc1, logical block 124271055, async page read
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu udisksd[826]: Cleaning up mount point /media/gm/Joshua4TB (device 8:33 no longer exists)
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read index block: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu systemd[1]: media-gm-Joshua4TB.mount: Deactivated successfully.
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read index block: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read index block: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read index block: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read of MFT, mft=145041 count=1 br=-1: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read of MFT, mft=145042 count=1 br=-1: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read index block: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read vcn 0x1 from inode 138980: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
[this repeat for a while]
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Failed to read vcn 0x0 from inode 138978: Input/output error
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu ntfs-3g[11456]: Unmounting /dev/sdc1 (Joshua4TB)
Apr 16 02:09:29 buntu nautilus[4229]: g_object_unref: assertion 'G_IS_OBJECT (object)' failed
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.059279] usb 4-1: new SuperSpeed USB device number 24 using xhci_hcd
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.080020] usb 4-1: New USB device found, idVendor=1058, idProduct=2621, bcdDevice=10.34
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.080025] usb 4-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.080027] usb 4-1: Product: Elements 2621
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.080029] usb 4-1: Manufacturer: Western Digital
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.080031] usb 4-1: SerialNumber: 57584532443932385241465A
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.081700] usb-storage 4-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu kernel: [ 9582.082032] scsi host7: usb-storage 4-1:1.0
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu mtp-probe: checking bus 4, device 24: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb4/4-1"
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu mtp-probe: bus: 4, device: 24 was not an MTP device
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu mtp-probe: checking bus 4, device 24: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb4/4-1"
Apr 16 02:09:30 buntu mtp-probe: bus: 4, device: 24 was not an MTP device
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.112431] scsi 7:0:0:0: Direct-Access WD Elements 2621 1034 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.112898] sd 7:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113122] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Very big device. Trying to use READ CAPACITY(16).
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113270] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] 7813969920 512-byte logical blocks: (4.00 TB/3.64 TiB)
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113273] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] 4096-byte physical blocks
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113569] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113572] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Mode Sense: 47 00 10 08
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113863] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page found
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.113865] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.301681] sdc: sdc1
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.301883] sd 7:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu systemd-udevd[11517]: sdc: Process '/usr/bin/unshare -m /usr/bin/snap auto-import --mount=/dev/sdc' failed with exit code 1.
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu systemd-udevd[11517]: sdc1: Process '/usr/bin/unshare -m /usr/bin/snap auto-import --mount=/dev/sdc1' failed with exit code 1.
Apr 16 02:09:31 buntu kernel: [ 9583.758705] ntfs3: Unknown parameter 'windows_names'
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sdc1
/dev/sdc1:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: WDC WD40NDZW-11BCSS0
Serial Number: [REDACTED]
Firmware Revision: 01.01A01
Transport: Serial, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x006d)
Supported: 10 9 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 10
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 0
heads 16 0
sectors/track 63 0
--
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 7813971632
Logical Sector size: 512 bytes
Physical Sector size: 4096 bytes
Logical Sector-0 offset: 0 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 3815415 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 4000753 MBytes (4000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Form Factor: 2.5 inch
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 4800
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, with device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 0
Advanced power management level: 128
DMA: *mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
Power-Up In Standby feature set
* SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* 64-bit World wide name
* IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Phy event counters
* Idle-Unload when NCQ is active
* NCQ priority information
* READ_LOG_DMA_EXT equivalent to READ_LOG_EXT
DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization
Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SCT Write Same (AC2)
* SCT Features Control (AC4)
* SCT Data Tables (AC5)
unknown 206[7]
unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
unknown 206[13] (vendor specific)
* Device encrypts all user data
* DOWNLOAD MICROCODE DMA command
* WRITE BUFFER DMA command
* READ BUFFER DMA command
* Data Set Management TRIM supported (limit 255 blocks)
* Deterministic read data after TRIM
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
not frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
772min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 2min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 50014ee26ad12f84
NAA : 5
IEEE OUI : 0014ee
Unique ID : [REDACTED]
Checksum: correct
答案1
所以...我至少遇到了一个问题，也许两个。都是硬件问题。
同一块硬盘在另一台计算机上工作正常。
我的 OS 使用了 5 年以上的 SSD 硬盘出现了问题。扫描磁盘有所帮助，但并没有解决问题。实际上，它最近完全停止了启动……
我怀疑 USB 控制器也出现了问题。但我的 *nix-fu 太弱了，无法准确诊断出问题。