我是 Linux 新手，正在尝试在配备 Intel Xeon W 芯片的 2017 iMac Pro 上使用 Linux。我能够成功安装 Ubuntu 22.04.4 并进行双启动，但是，我的声卡似乎无法被识别。对于输出，我只看到虚拟输出，没有输入选项。我试过插入耳机，但耳机也无法被识别。我在谷歌上搜索了很多建议，但都没有成功。如果有帮助，我运行了这个命令，下面是输出：
sudo lspci -vv | grep -i audio
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~$ sudo lspci -vv | grep -i audio
02:00.3 Multimedia audio controller: Apple Inc. Apple Audio Device (rev 01)
Subsystem: Apple Inc. Apple Audio Device
f3:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Vega 10 HDMI Audio [Radeon Vega 56/64]
Subsystem: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Vega 10 HDMI Audio [Radeon Vega 56/64]
Alsamixer 目前也仅看到 Vega 10 HDMI 音频。
编辑：感谢 guiverc 的回复，我一定会在将来添加更多详细信息。我使用的是桌面版，以下是您请求的输出：
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~$ sudo lshw -C sound
*-multimedia UNCLAIMED
description: Multimedia audio controller
product: Apple Audio Device
vendor: Apple Inc.
physical id: 0.3
bus info: pci@0000:02:00.3
version: 01
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:7f800000-7fbfffff memory:7fd80000-7fdfffff memory:7fe30000-7fe3ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Vega 10 HDMI Audio [Radeon Vega 56/64]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:f3:00.1
logical name: card0
logical name: /dev/snd/controlC0
logical name: /dev/snd/hwC0D0
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D10p
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D11p
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D3p
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D7p
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D8p
logical name: /dev/snd/pcmC0D9p
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:98 memory:f02a0000-f02a3fff
EDIT2：添加 Archisman Panigrahi 推荐的命令的输出。
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~$ cd snd_hda_macbookpro && sudo ./install.cirrus.driver.sh
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_beep.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_local.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/ca0132_regs.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hp_x360_helper.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_beep.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_analog.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_si3054.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_tegra.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0110.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_cs8409-tables.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_conexant.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_cs8409.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_eld.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda_i2c.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_ca0132.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_cs_dsp_ctl.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/thinkpad_helper.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_generic.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda_property.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_sysfs.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/Kconfig
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel_trace.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda_spi.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_intel.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_cirrus.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_hwdep.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_bind.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_jack.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/ideapad_s740_helper.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_hdmi.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_component.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_proc.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_cmedia.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/Makefile
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_via.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_realtek.c
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_controller_trace.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_auto_parser.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/cs35l41_hda_property.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/hda_cs_dsp_ctl.h
linux-source-6.5.0/sound/pci/hda/patch_cs8409.c
Kernel version later than implemented version - there may be build problems
patching file patch_cs8409.c
Hunk #1 succeeded at 1445 (offset 175 lines).
Hunk #2 succeeded at 1454 (offset 175 lines).
Hunk #3 succeeded at 1483 (offset 175 lines).
patching file patch_cs8409.h
Hunk #2 succeeded at 304 (offset 2 lines).
Hunk #3 succeeded at 331 (offset 2 lines).
Hunk #4 succeeded at 367 (offset 2 lines).
patching file patch_cirrus_apple.h
make -C /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/build CFLAGS_MODULE="-DAPPLE_PINSENSE_FIXUP -DAPPLE_CODECS -DCONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG=1 -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-function" M=/home/cd/snd_hda_macbookpro/build/hda modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
The kernel was built by: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 12.3.0
You are using:
CC [M] /home/cd/snd_hda_macbookpro/build/hda/patch_cs8409.o
/bin/sh: 1: gcc-12: not found
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:251: /home/cd snd_hda_macbookpro/build/hda/patch_cs8409.o] Error 127
make[2]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic/Makefile:2039: /home/cd/snd_hda_macbookpro/build/hda] Error 2
make[1]: *** [Makefile:234: __sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
make: *** [Makefile:16: all] Error 2
编辑 3：命令的输出
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~/snd-hda-codec-cs8409$ make
make -C /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/build CFLAGS_MODULE="- DAPPLE_PINSENSE_FIXUP -DAPPLE_CODECS -DCONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG=1 -Wno- unused-variable -Wno-unused-function" M=/home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409 modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
The kernel was built by: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 12.3.0
You are using:
CC [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cs8409.o
/bin/sh: 1: gcc-12: not found
make[3]: *** [scripts/Makefile.build:251: /home/cd/snd-hda-codec- cs8409/patch_cs8409.o] Error 127
make[2]: *** [/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic/Makefile:2039: /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409] Error 2
make[1]: *** [Makefile:234: __sub-make] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
make: *** [Makefile:16: all] Error 2
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~/snd-hda-codec-cs8409$ sudo make install
mkdir -p /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/updates/
cp snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/updates/
cp: cannot stat 'snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko': No such file or directory
make: *** [Makefile:22: install] Error 1
编辑 4：运行 sudo apt install gcc-12 后的输出
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~$ sudo apt install gcc-12
[sudo] password for cd:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
cpp-12 libasan8 libgcc-12-dev libtsan2
Suggested packages:
gcc-12-locales cpp-12-doc gcc-12-multilib gcc-12-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
cpp-12 gcc-12 libasan8 libgcc-12-dev libtsan2
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 8 not upgraded.
Need to get 40.1 MB of archives.
After this operation, 138 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 cpp-12 amd64 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 [10.8 MB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libasan8 amd64 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 [2,442 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libtsan2 amd64 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 [2,477 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libgcc-12-dev amd64 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 [2,618 kB]
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 gcc-12 amd64 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 [21.7 MB]
Fetched 40.1 MB in 3s (14.8 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package cpp-12.
(Reading database ... 241511 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../cpp-12_12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cpp-12 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libasan8:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libasan8_12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libasan8:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libtsan2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libtsan2_12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libtsan2:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgcc-12-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libgcc-12-dev_12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgcc-12-dev:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gcc-12.
Preparing to unpack .../gcc-12_12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-12 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Setting up cpp-12 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Setting up libasan8:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Setting up libtsan2:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Setting up libgcc-12-dev:amd64 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Setting up gcc-12 (12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.6) ...
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~$ cd snd-hda-codec-cs8409
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~/snd-hda-codec-cs8409$ make
make -C /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/build CFLAGS_MODULE="-DAPPLE_PINSENSE_FIXUP -DAPPLE_CODECS -DCONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG=1 -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-function" M=/home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409 modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
warning: the compiler differs from the one used to build the kernel
The kernel was built by: x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 12.3.0
You are using: gcc-12 (Ubuntu 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 12.3.0
CC [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cs8409.o
In file included from /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cs8409.c:1488:
/home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cirrus_apple.h: In function ‘cs_8409_apple_boot_init’:
/home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cirrus_apple.h:1191:15: warning: assignment discards ‘const’ qualifier from pointer target type [-Wdiscarded-qualifiers]
1191 | hinfo = spec->gen.stream_analog_playback;
| ^
CC [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/patch_cs8409-tables.o
LD [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/snd-hda-codec-cs8409.o
MODPOST /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/Module.symvers
CC [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/snd-hda-codec-cs8409.mod.o
LD [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko
BTF [M] /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko
Skipping BTF generation for /home/cd/snd-hda-codec-cs8409/snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko due to unavailability of vmlinux
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-6.5.0-27-generic'
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~/snd-hda-codec-cs8409$ sudo make install
mkdir -p /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/updates/
cp snd-hda-codec-cs8409.ko /lib/modules/6.5.0-27-generic/updates/
depmod -a
ubuntu@who-iMacPro:~/snd-hda-codec-cs8409$
答案1
该答案基于在 Debian 中有效的类似解决方案。
首先安装内核头文件和编译工具。
sudo apt install linux-headers-generic
sudo apt install build-essential git gcc-12
下载司机
git clone https://github.com/egorenar/snd-hda-codec-cs8409
最后编译并安装驱动
cd snd-hda-codec-cs8409
make
sudo make install
重新启动计算机，声音就可以正常工作了。