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如何解决 apt“无法配置软件包，因为软件包的版本不同”错误？

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如何解决 apt“无法配置软件包，因为软件包的版本不同”错误？

我说不出是什么让我陷入这样的境地：

→ sudo apt-get upgrade 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
dpkg: error processing libtiff4 (--configure):
 libtiff4:i386 3.9.5-1ubuntu1.1 cannot be configured because libtiff4:k386 is in a different version (3.9.5-1ubuntu1)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 libtiff4
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

以下命令都会导致相同的错误：

sudo apt-get install -f
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt-get --fix-broken install
sudo apt-get --fix-missing install
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get autoremove

如何解决此类问题？我做错了什么？

更新 我设法通过降级到以前的版本 (3.9.5-1ubuntu1) 让 apt 再次工作。然而，下一次升级导致了同样的问题。但现在有更多信息：

(Reading database ... 
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `libtiff4:k386' missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
(Reading database ... 281166 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace libtiff4 3.9.5-1ubuntu1 (using .../libtiff4_3.9.5-1ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement libtiff4 ...
dpkg: error processing libtiff4 (--configure):
 libtiff4:i386 3.9.5-1ubuntu1.1 cannot be configured because libtiff4:k386 is in a different version (3.9.5-1ubuntu1)
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
                                                              Errors were encountered while processing:
 libtiff4

所以真正的问题似乎是缺少libtiff4:k386包。而且k386似乎某个地方有一个愚蠢的打字错误。

我找到了导致拼写错误的文件：

**/var/lib/dpkg/status**

Package: libtiff4
Status: install ok half-configured
Multi-Arch: same
Priority: optional
Section: libs
Installed-Size: 528
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Architecture: k386
Source: tiff
Version: 3.9.5-1ubuntu1
Config-Version: 3.9.5-1ubuntu1
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.11), libjpeg62 (>= 6b1), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
Pre-Depends: multiarch-support
Description: Tag Image File Format (TIFF) library
 libtiff is a library providing support for the Tag Image File Format
 (TIFF), a widely used format for storing image data.  This package
 includes the shared library.
Homepage: http://libtiff.maptools.org
Original-Maintainer: Jay Berkenbilt <[email protected]>

修正拼写错误即可解决问题。

答案1

sudo dpkg -r --force-all <package-name>

sudo apt-get install <package-name>

答案2

通常，我会先删除有问题的软件包，然后再尝试重新安装软件包。更可能的是，你启用了其他提供相同软件包的存储库，这会导致冲突。

如果这不起作用，并且您确定这是来自基础存储库，则可以强制执行 (--force-yes)。但是，只有当您确定所需的软件包不会损害系统的完整性时，才应执行此操作。

答案3

我认为你说的没错，该版本的软件包有一个拼写错误，i386 写成了 :k386。该问题已在当前版本中修复。

我在安装 libtiff4:i386 时遇到了一个稍微不同的问题。我不得不重新安装 libtiff4，然后它才能正常工作。（在从 10.04 升级到 12.04 期间）。

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