我购买了一台笔记本电脑：Alienware 17 r2
安装了 Ubuntu 15.10（内核 4.2.0-18-generic），但在使用耳机和外部扬声器通过音频插孔获取声音时遇到问题。
$ inxi -Fxz
System: Host: synapse Kernel: 4.2.0-18-generic x86_64 (64 bit gcc: 5.2.1) Desktop: Unity (Gtk 3.16.7-0ubuntu3)
Distro: Ubuntu 15.10 wily
Machine: System: Alienware product: Alienware 17 R2 v: A06
Mobo: Alienware model: Alienware 17 R2 v: A00 Bios: Alienware v: A06 date: 07/24/2015
CPU: Quad core Intel Core i7-4710HQ (-HT-MCP-) cache: 6144 KB
flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx) bmips: 19986
clock speeds: max: 3500 MHz 1: 2500 MHz 2: 2500 MHz 3: 2500 MHz 4: 2500 MHz 5: 2796 MHz 6: 3251 MHz
7: 2500 MHz 8: 2772 MHz
Graphics: Card-1: Intel 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller bus-ID: 00:02.0
Card-2: NVIDIA GM204M [GeForce GTX 970M] bus-ID: 01:00.0
Display Server: X.Org 1.17.2 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) FAILED: nouveau
Resolution: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.0.2 Direct Rendering: Yes
Audio: Card-1 Intel 8 Series/C220 Series High Definition Audio Controller
driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:1b.0
Card-2 Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller
driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:03.0
Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.2.0-18-generic
Network: Card-1: Qualcomm Atheros Killer E220x Gigabit Ethernet Controller
driver: alx port: d000 bus-ID: 02:00.0
IF: enp2s0 state: down mac: <filter>
Card-2: Qualcomm Atheros QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter driver: ath10k_pci bus-ID: 03:00.0
IF: wlp3s0 state: up mac: <filter>
Drives: HDD Total Size: 1256.3GB (1.7% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB temp: 39C
ID-2: /dev/sdb model: LITEONIT_L8T size: 256.1GB temp: 0C
Partition: ID-1: / size: 46G used: 5.0G (12%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1
ID-2: /home size: 856G used: 298M (1%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda3
ID-3: swap-1 size: 17.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda2
RAID: No RAID devices: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present
Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 61.0C mobo: 27.8C
Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Info: Processes: 267 Uptime: 40 min Memory: 942.2/15933.4MB Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Gcc sys: 5.2.1
Client: Shell (bash 4.3.421) inxi: 2.2.16
这是 dmesg 输出：
$ dmesg | grep snd
[ 8.828181] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:03.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 8.828348] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:03.0: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_audio_component_bind_ops [i915])
[ 8.828369] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 8.848818] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: autoconfig for CA0132: line_outs=1 (0xb/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0) type:speaker
[ 8.848822] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: speaker_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 8.848832] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: hp_outs=0 (0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0/0x0)
[ 8.848834] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: mono: mono_out=0x0
[ 8.848834] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: inputs:
[ 8.848836] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: Mic=0x12
[ 8.848837] snd_hda_codec_ca0132 hdaudioC1D0: Line=0x11
以及 lspci 输出：
$ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio"
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: Dell Device 0688
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 42
Memory at f751c000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Dell Device 0688
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 41
Memory at f7518000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel
alsamixer截图：
我尝试了无数种解决方案，但都无济于事。任何帮助都非常感谢。
谢谢。
编辑
根据请求输出 aplay卡图查库拉：
$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: HDMI [HDA Intel HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CA0132 Analog [CA0132 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: CA0132 Digital [CA0132 Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
答案1
笔记本电脑上安装 Linux 后，音频经常被识别，但只是关闭（“静音”）。您必须检查两个可能的点。
- 在终端中运行
alsamixer。确保音频的播放通道不是 0 或“M” - 安装应用程序“pavucontrol”，运行它并确保您的音频卡设置为输出或组合模式并且没有静音。