我从 升级Ubuntu 14.04 LTS到Ubuntu 16.04 LTS。Ubuntu 16.04 LTS启动需要三分钟多的时间。我使用了systemd-analyze blame，它的输出是
3min 192ms powerd.service
33.936s click-system-hooks.service
20.061s winbind.service
20.016s nmbd.service
19.490s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
19.326s samba-ad-dc.service
13.877s accounts-daemon.service
11.950s irqbalance.service
11.827s preload.service
11.770s virtualbox-guest-utils.service
11.719s dictd.service
11.709s systemd-logind.service
11.673s apport.service
11.500s and.service
11.231s networking.service
11.145s ondemand.service
10.913s console-kit-log-system-start.service
10.894s sysstat.service
10.864s speech-dispatcher.service
10.761s lm-sensors.service
10.759s alsa-restore.service
10.726s thermald.service
10.712s systemd-user-sessions.service
lines 1-23
我是新手，Ubuntu如果有人能指导我解决这个问题，我将不胜感激。谢谢
已编辑 1
Memory : 1.8 GiB
Processor : Intel® Core™ i3 CPU M 370 @ 2.40GHz × 4
Graphics : Intel® Ironlake Mobile x86/MMX/SSE2
OS type : 32-bit
Disk : 88.5 GB
有一件事对我来说很可疑，因为它有多个kernel version. 的输出dpkg --list | grep linux-image是：
rc linux-image-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-40-generic 3.13.0-40.69 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-43-generic 3.13.0-43.72 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-44-generic 3.13.0-44.73 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-45-generic 3.13.0-45.74 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-46-generic 3.13.0-46.79 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-48-generic 3.13.0-48.80 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-49-generic 3.13.0-49.83 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-51-generic 3.13.0-51.84 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-52-generic 3.13.0-52.86 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-53-generic 3.13.0-53.89 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-54-generic 3.13.0-54.91 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-55-generic 3.13.0-55.94 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-57-generic 3.13.0-57.95 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-58-generic 3.13.0-58.97 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-59-generic 3.13.0-59.98 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-61-generic 3.13.0-61.100 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-62-generic 3.13.0-62.102 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-63-generic 3.13.0-63.104~precise1 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic 3.13.0-65.106 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-66-generic 3.13.0-66.108 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-67-generic 3.13.0-67.110 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-68-generic 3.13.0-68.111 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-70-generic 3.13.0-70.113 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-71-generic 3.13.0-71.114 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-73-generic 3.13.0-73.116 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-74-generic 3.13.0-74.118 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-76-generic 3.13.0-76.120 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.13.0-77-generic 3.13.0-77.121 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-92-generic 3.13.0-92.139 i386 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.2.0-42-generic 4.2.0-42.49~14.04.1 i386 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 i386 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-40-generic 3.13.0-40.69 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-43-generic 3.13.0-43.72 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-44-generic 3.13.0-44.73 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-45-generic 3.13.0-45.74 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-46-generic 3.13.0-46.79 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-48-generic 3.13.0-48.80 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-49-generic 3.13.0-49.83 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-51-generic 3.13.0-51.84 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-52-generic 3.13.0-52.86 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-53-generic 3.13.0-53.89 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-54-generic 3.13.0-54.91 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-55-generic 3.13.0-55.94 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-57-generic 3.13.0-57.95 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-58-generic 3.13.0-58.97 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-59-generic 3.13.0-59.98 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-61-generic 3.13.0-61.100 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-62-generic 3.13.0-62.102 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-63-generic 3.13.0-63.103 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic 3.13.0-65.106 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-66-generic 3.13.0-66.108 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-67-generic 3.13.0-67.110 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-68-generic 3.13.0-68.111 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-70-generic 3.13.0-70.113 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-71-generic 3.13.0-71.114 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-73-generic 3.13.0-73.116 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-74-generic 3.13.0-74.118 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-76-generic 3.13.0-76.120 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-77-generic 3.13.0-77.121 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-92-generic 3.13.0-92.139 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.2.0-42-generic 4.2.0-42.49~14.04.1 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.28.30 i386 Generic Linux kernel image
现在我想知道我是否需要删除/卸载旧内核版本。任何帮助都将不胜感激。谢谢
已编辑 2
另一个问题是 VGA 卡。运行时，lspci -nnk | grep VGA -A1它显示以下消息：
libkmod: ERROR ../libkmod/libkmod-config.c:635 kmod_config_parse: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf line 44: ignoring bad line starting with 'snd-hda-intel'
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0046] (rev 18)
Subsystem: Dell Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller [1028:0447]
uname -r
4.4.0-28-generic
已编辑
使用以下命令删除旧版本kernel versions:(感谢@jarno提供的单行命令）
sudo apt-get purge $(for tag in "linux-image" "linux-headers"; do dpkg-query -W -f'${Package}\n' "$tag-[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]*" | sort -V | awk 'index($0,c){exit} //' c=$(uname -r | cut -d- -f1,2); done)
然而，不得不使用
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-extra-x.x.x.x-generic
删除旧的linux-image-extra kernel versions。现在的输出dpkg --list | grep linux-image是：
ii linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 i386 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 i386 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.28.30 i386 Generic Linux kernel im
启动仍然太慢。有任何帮助可以解决这个问题吗？请