是否有指示器可以快速访问最近使用的文件？

Question 1

在面板中显示最近使用的文件

使用下面的脚本，您可以在面板中拥有任意数量的最近使用的项目，例如 6 个项目：

...或 20 件商品：

...取决于您的设置。

怎么运行的

该设置包含两项：

一个图标，名称（准确）recent.png
脚本

两者都需要位于同一个文件夹中。之后，只需运行脚本即可。

如何设置

可能需要安装python3-gi：

sudo apt-get install python3-gi

然后：

将以下脚本复制到一个空文件中，并将其另存为recused.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import signal
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
from gi.repository import Gtk, AppIndicator3, GObject
import time
from threading import Thread
import os
import subprocess

# --- set the number of recently used files to appear below
n = 20
# ---

home = os.environ["HOME"]
recdata = os.path.join(home, ".local/share/recently-used.xbel")
currpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

class Indicator():
    def __init__(self):
        self.app = 'show_recent'
        iconpath = os.path.join(currpath, "recent.png")
        self.indicator = AppIndicator3.Indicator.new(
            self.app, iconpath,
            AppIndicator3.IndicatorCategory.OTHER)
        self.indicator.set_status(AppIndicator3.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)       
        self.indicator.set_menu(self.create_menu())
        # the thread:
        self.update = Thread(target=self.check_recent)
        # daemonize the thread to make the indicator stopable
        self.update.setDaemon(True)
        self.update.start()

    def get_files(self):
        # create the list of recently used files
        used = [l for l in open(recdata) if \
                all([
                    '<bookmark href="file://' in l,
                    not "/tmp" in l,
                    "." in l,
                     ])]
        relevant = [l.split('="') for l in set(used)]
        relevant = [[it[1][7:-7], it[-2][:-10]] for it in relevant]
        relevant.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
        return [item[0].replace("%20", " ") for item in relevant[::-1][:n]]

    def create_menu(self):
        # creates the (initial) menu
        self.menu = Gtk.Menu()
        # separator
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        self.menu.append(menu_sep)
        # item_quit.show() 
        self.menu.show_all()
        return self.menu

    def open_file(self, *args):
        # opens the file with the default application
        index = self.menu.get_children().index(self.menu.get_active())
        selection = self.menu_items2[index]
        subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", selection])

    def set_new(self):
        # update the list, appearing in the menu
        for i in self.menu.get_children():
            self.menu.remove(i)
        for file in self.menu_items2:
            sub = Gtk.MenuItem(file)
            self.menu.append(sub)
            sub.connect('activate', self.open_file)
        # separator
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        self.menu.append(menu_sep)
        # quit
        item_quit = Gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        item_quit.connect('activate', self.stop)
        self.menu.append(item_quit)
        self.menu.show_all()

    def check_recent(self):
        self.menu_items1 = []
        while True:
            time.sleep(3)
            self.menu_items2 = self.get_files()
            if self.menu_items2 != self.menu_items1:
                GObject.idle_add(
                    self.set_new, 
                    priority=GObject.PRIORITY_DEFAULT
                    )
            self.menu_items1 = self.menu_items2

    def stop(self, source):
        Gtk.main_quit()

Indicator()
# this is where we call GObject.threads_init()
GObject.threads_init()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)
Gtk.main()

在脚本的头部部分，设置要显示的项目数：

# --- set the number of recently used files to appear below
n = 20
# ---

在同一个文件夹将下面的图标保存为（准确）recent.png

（右键点击 -> 另存为）
通过以下命令测试运行脚本：
```
python3 /path/to/recused.py
```
如果一切正常，请添加到启动应用程序：Dash > 启动应用程序 > 添加。添加命令：
```
/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && python3 /path/to/recused.py"
```

笔记

该脚本基于先前的答案，如果你对替代方案感兴趣，那么特定应用，并使用定期更新的.desktop文件。
该脚本已在 16.04 上测试，但也适用于早期版本。
由于recently-used.xbel文件中存在错误，有时一个文件会被提及两次；一次带有扩展名，一次不带扩展名。我通过过滤掉后者解决了这个问题。结果是没有扩展名的文件不会出现在列表中。如果这是个问题，请告诉我，我们可以尝试找到另一种解决方案。
如果文件不存在（不再存在），指示器显然不会打开该文件。最有可能的是，我会进一步完善脚本，以从文件中过滤掉那些过时的条目recently-used.xbel。

解释

许多应用程序在编辑文件和使用 Gtk 窗口时，都会在文件中跟踪打开的文件：~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel。“记录”包括日期和时间、应用程序和打开的文件。

脚本读取.xbel文件，按日期/时间对项目进行排序，将前 n 个文件（取决于您的设置）包含在指标菜单中。菜单每 3 秒更新一次（仅在必要时）。随后，当选择某个项目时，将使用以下命令打开文件：

xdg-open <file>

因此，所选文件将以默认应用程序。完全可以确保文件是用实际的上次打开的应用程序。不过，这需要更复杂的解析。我将把它作为 Launchpad 上计划的 ppa 版本的一个选项添加进去。

同样，选项窗口也可以设置一些选项，例如要显示的文件数量等。

笔记

该指标现已与其他一些指标合并这个。

Answer

在面板中显示最近使用的文件

使用下面的脚本，您可以在面板中拥有任意数量的最近使用的项目，例如 6 个项目：

...或 20 件商品：

...取决于您的设置。

怎么运行的

该设置包含两项：

一个图标，名称（准确）recent.png
脚本

两者都需要位于同一个文件夹中。之后，只需运行脚本即可。

如何设置

可能需要安装python3-gi：

sudo apt-get install python3-gi

然后：

将以下脚本复制到一个空文件中，并将其另存为recused.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import signal
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
from gi.repository import Gtk, AppIndicator3, GObject
import time
from threading import Thread
import os
import subprocess

# --- set the number of recently used files to appear below
n = 20
# ---

home = os.environ["HOME"]
recdata = os.path.join(home, ".local/share/recently-used.xbel")
currpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))

class Indicator():
    def __init__(self):
        self.app = 'show_recent'
        iconpath = os.path.join(currpath, "recent.png")
        self.indicator = AppIndicator3.Indicator.new(
            self.app, iconpath,
            AppIndicator3.IndicatorCategory.OTHER)
        self.indicator.set_status(AppIndicator3.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)       
        self.indicator.set_menu(self.create_menu())
        # the thread:
        self.update = Thread(target=self.check_recent)
        # daemonize the thread to make the indicator stopable
        self.update.setDaemon(True)
        self.update.start()

    def get_files(self):
        # create the list of recently used files
        used = [l for l in open(recdata) if \
                all([
                    '<bookmark href="file://' in l,
                    not "/tmp" in l,
                    "." in l,
                     ])]
        relevant = [l.split('="') for l in set(used)]
        relevant = [[it[1][7:-7], it[-2][:-10]] for it in relevant]
        relevant.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
        return [item[0].replace("%20", " ") for item in relevant[::-1][:n]]

    def create_menu(self):
        # creates the (initial) menu
        self.menu = Gtk.Menu()
        # separator
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        self.menu.append(menu_sep)
        # item_quit.show() 
        self.menu.show_all()
        return self.menu

    def open_file(self, *args):
        # opens the file with the default application
        index = self.menu.get_children().index(self.menu.get_active())
        selection = self.menu_items2[index]
        subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", selection])

    def set_new(self):
        # update the list, appearing in the menu
        for i in self.menu.get_children():
            self.menu.remove(i)
        for file in self.menu_items2:
            sub = Gtk.MenuItem(file)
            self.menu.append(sub)
            sub.connect('activate', self.open_file)
        # separator
        menu_sep = Gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        self.menu.append(menu_sep)
        # quit
        item_quit = Gtk.MenuItem('Quit')
        item_quit.connect('activate', self.stop)
        self.menu.append(item_quit)
        self.menu.show_all()

    def check_recent(self):
        self.menu_items1 = []
        while True:
            time.sleep(3)
            self.menu_items2 = self.get_files()
            if self.menu_items2 != self.menu_items1:
                GObject.idle_add(
                    self.set_new, 
                    priority=GObject.PRIORITY_DEFAULT
                    )
            self.menu_items1 = self.menu_items2

    def stop(self, source):
        Gtk.main_quit()

Indicator()
# this is where we call GObject.threads_init()
GObject.threads_init()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_DFL)
Gtk.main()

在脚本的头部部分，设置要显示的项目数：

# --- set the number of recently used files to appear below
n = 20
# ---

在同一个文件夹将下面的图标保存为（准确）recent.png

（右键点击 -> 另存为）
通过以下命令测试运行脚本：
```
python3 /path/to/recused.py
```
如果一切正常，请添加到启动应用程序：Dash > 启动应用程序 > 添加。添加命令：
```
/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && python3 /path/to/recused.py"
```

笔记

该脚本基于先前的答案，如果你对替代方案感兴趣，那么特定应用，并使用定期更新的.desktop文件。
该脚本已在 16.04 上测试，但也适用于早期版本。
由于recently-used.xbel文件中存在错误，有时一个文件会被提及两次；一次带有扩展名，一次不带扩展名。我通过过滤掉后者解决了这个问题。结果是没有扩展名的文件不会出现在列表中。如果这是个问题，请告诉我，我们可以尝试找到另一种解决方案。
如果文件不存在（不再存在），指示器显然不会打开该文件。最有可能的是，我会进一步完善脚本，以从文件中过滤掉那些过时的条目recently-used.xbel。

解释

许多应用程序在编辑文件和使用 Gtk 窗口时，都会在文件中跟踪打开的文件：~/.local/share/recently-used.xbel。“记录”包括日期和时间、应用程序和打开的文件。

脚本读取.xbel文件，按日期/时间对项目进行排序，将前 n 个文件（取决于您的设置）包含在指标菜单中。菜单每 3 秒更新一次（仅在必要时）。随后，当选择某个项目时，将使用以下命令打开文件：

xdg-open <file>

因此，所选文件将以默认应用程序。完全可以确保文件是用实际的上次打开的应用程序。不过，这需要更复杂的解析。我将把它作为 Launchpad 上计划的 ppa 版本的一个选项添加进去。

同样，选项窗口也可以设置一些选项，例如要显示的文件数量等。

笔记

该指标现已与其他一些指标合并这个。

Question 2

虽然你没有提到你使用的是哪个版本的 Ubuntu，但有一个不错的 Xubuntu 应用程序。更具体地说，它是Xfce，因此如果你使用Xfce。该应用程序名为地点。

要启用，请右键单击面板，然后从菜单中选择面板 -> 添加新项目...，然后选择地点。这将显示您刚刚打开的文件夹和最近文档的列表。如下所示：

您也可以很好地配置它：

这里是项目页面。

如果你不使用Xfce，您可以非常轻松地安装它，如这个答案。只需执行sudo apt-get install xfce-panel，然后运行（参见链接）。请注意，Xfce 面板可能不兼容与 Unity（或其他）面板中的所有其他应用程序兼容。根据我的经验，我完全没有遇到任何问题，因此它可能仍然是一个很好的解决方案。

Answer

虽然你没有提到你使用的是哪个版本的 Ubuntu，但有一个不错的 Xubuntu 应用程序。更具体地说，它是Xfce，因此如果你使用Xfce。该应用程序名为地点。

要启用，请右键单击面板，然后从菜单中选择面板 -> 添加新项目...，然后选择地点。这将显示您刚刚打开的文件夹和最近文档的列表。如下所示：

您也可以很好地配置它：

这里是项目页面。

如果你不使用Xfce，您可以非常轻松地安装它，如这个答案。只需执行sudo apt-get install xfce-panel，然后运行（参见链接）。请注意，Xfce 面板可能不兼容与 Unity（或其他）面板中的所有其他应用程序兼容。根据我的经验，我完全没有遇到任何问题，因此它可能仍然是一个很好的解决方案。

Question 3

不是托盘图标，而是统一启动器的快速列表脚本（与变音符号一起使用），您也可以固定文件：Ubuntu-最近的快速列表

[详细安装说明在这里]

快速说明：

下载 .zip
提炼
制作install.sh并ubuntu-recentquicklists.py执行
运行install.sh脚本

特征：

自动添加最近的文件
手动添加非最近文件/固定最近文件
指定每个列表所需的项目数，以及
这些物品可能有多旧
解析符号链接
显示完整路径（或仅显示文件名，如屏幕截图所示）

Answer

不是托盘图标，而是统一启动器的快速列表脚本（与变音符号一起使用），您也可以固定文件：Ubuntu-最近的快速列表

[详细安装说明在这里]

快速说明：

下载 .zip
提炼
制作install.sh并ubuntu-recentquicklists.py执行
运行install.sh脚本

特征：

自动添加最近的文件
手动添加非最近文件/固定最近文件
指定每个列表所需的项目数，以及
这些物品可能有多旧
解析符号链接
显示完整路径（或仅显示文件名，如屏幕截图所示）

Question 4

更新日期：2017 年 2 月 24 日：指示器现在可以选择固定网络链接。

介绍

下面介绍的文件指示器是用于访问用户文件和文件夹的简单指示器。它允许检查最近使用的文件、为文件和目录添加书签。

更新: 指示器现在还支持启动已固定的 .desktop 文件。例如，如果您已固定 firefox.desktop，它将启动 firefox。因此，指示器可用作程序的快速启动器。在撰写本文时（格林威治标准时间 11 月 19 日晚上 7:53，大约需要 24 小时才能处理），该功能已在 github 和此处的更新源代码中提供。

获取指标

该指标可从我的个人 PPA 以及GitHub. 使用以下步骤获取它：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:1047481448-2/sergkolo
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install files-indicator

源代码

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#
# Author: Serg Kolo , contact: [email protected]
# Date: November 19 , 2016
# Purpose: appindicator for accessing files and folders
# Tested on: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
#
#
# Licensed under The MIT License (MIT).
# See included LICENSE file or the notice below.
#
# Copyright © 2016 Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import gi
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
gi.require_version('Notify', '0.7')
from gi.repository import GLib as glib
from gi.repository import AppIndicator3 as appindicator
from gi.repository import Gtk as gtk
from gi.repository import Gio
from gi.repository import Notify
from collections import OrderedDict
# from collections import OrderedDict
import urllib.parse
import subprocess
import copy
import shutil
import dbus
import math
import json
import os

class FilesIndicator(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.app = appindicator.Indicator.new(
            'files-indicator', "document-open-recent",
            appindicator.IndicatorCategory.HARDWARE
        )
        self.user_home = os.path.expanduser('~')
        filename = '.pinned_files.json'
        self.pinned_list = os.path.join(self.user_home,filename)

        self.config = os.path.join(self.user_home,'.files_indicator.json')
        self.max_items = 15
        self.name_length = 20
        self.read_config()

        self.app.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)

        self.cached_files = self.get_recent_files()
        self.make_menu()
        self.update()

    def read_config(self,*args):
        config = {}
        try:
            with open(self.config) as f:
                 config = json.load(f)

        except FileNotFoundError:
            print('>>> ',self.config,' not found.Creating one')
            f = open(self.config,'w')
            config = {'max_items':self.max_items,
                      'name_length':self.name_length
            }
            json.dump(config,f,indent=4)
            f.close()
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            print(">>> Can't read ",self.pinned_list,',may be corrupt')
            return None
        else:
            self.max_items = config['max_items']
            self.name_length = config['name_length']

    def add_menu_item(self, menu_obj, item_type, image, label, action, args):
        """ dynamic function that can add menu items depending on
            the item type and other arguments"""
        menu_item, icon = None, None
        if item_type is gtk.ImageMenuItem and label:
            menu_item = gtk.ImageMenuItem.new_with_label(label)
            menu_item.set_always_show_image(True)
            if '/' in image:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_file(image)
            else:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_icon_name(image, 48)
            menu_item.set_image(icon)
        elif item_type is gtk.ImageMenuItem and not label:
            menu_item = gtk.ImageMenuItem()
            menu_item.set_always_show_image(True)
            if '/' in image:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_file(image)
            else:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_icon_name(image, 16)
            menu_item.set_image(icon)
        elif item_type is gtk.MenuItem:
            menu_item = gtk.MenuItem(label)
        elif item_type is gtk.SeparatorMenuItem:
            menu_item = gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        if action:
            menu_item.connect('activate', action, *args)

        menu_obj.append(menu_item)
        menu_item.show()

    def get_user_dirs(self,*args):
        user_dirs = []
        for index,val in glib.UserDirectory.__enum_values__.items():
            if index == 8: continue
            dir = glib.get_user_special_dir(index)
            if dir: user_dirs.append(dir)
        return user_dirs

    def get_file_icon(self,*args):
        if args[-1].endswith('.desktop'):
            desk_file = Gio.DesktopAppInfo.new_from_filename(args[-1])
            icon = desk_file.get_icon()
            if type(icon) == Gio.ThemedIcon:
                themed_name = icon.get_names()[0]
                theme = gtk.IconTheme.get_default()
                name = theme.lookup_icon(themed_name, 48, 0).get_filename()
            if type(icon) == Gio.FileIcon:
                name = icon.get_file().get_uri()

            icon_url= urllib.parse.unquote(name).replace('file://','') 
            return icon_url

        file = Gio.File.new_for_path(args[-1])
        file_info = file.query_info("standard::*",0)
        icon_string = file_info.get_icon().to_string()
        if 'folder-' in icon_string:
            return icon_string.split()[-2]
        return icon_string.split()[-1]

    def get_recent_files(self,*args):
        manager = gtk.RecentManager.get_default()
        try:
            files = OrderedDict()
            for index,item in enumerate(manager.get_items(),1):
                    uri = item.get_uri()
                    uri_decoded = urllib.parse.unquote(uri)
                    filepath = uri_decoded.replace('file://','')
                    if not os.path.exists(filepath): continue
                    basename = os.path.basename(uri_decoded)
                    files[basename] = filepath
                    if index == self.max_items:
                        break
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            return None
        finally:  return files

    def callback(self,*args):
        self.update()

    def update(self,*args):
        current_files = self.get_recent_files()
        if current_files != self.cached_files:
             self.make_menu()
             self.cached_files = current_files
        glib.timeout_add_seconds(3,self.callback)

    def add_submenu(self,top_menu,label):
        menuitem = gtk.MenuItem(label)
        submenu = gtk.Menu()
        menuitem.set_submenu(submenu)
        top_menu.append(menuitem)
        menuitem.show()
        return submenu

    def make_menu(self):
        if hasattr(self, 'app_menu'):
            for item in self.app_menu.get_children():
                    self.app_menu.remove(item)
        else:
            self.app_menu = gtk.Menu()
        recent = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Recent Files')
        recent_dict = self.get_recent_files()

        content = [recent,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'gtk-add',
                   'Add to Recent Files',self.add_recent,[None]
        ]      
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 

        content = [recent,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'user-trash',
                   'Clear recent files list',self.clear_recent,[None]
        ]      
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [recent,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 
        if not recent_dict:
            content = [recent,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in recent.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)
        else:
            for name,data in recent_dict.items():
                icon = self.get_file_icon(data)
                content = [recent, gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                           icon, name[:self.name_length],
                           self.open_item, [data]
                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)

        # Pinned files
        bookmarks = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Pinned Files')
        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'bookmark_add','Pin a file',
                   self.pin_file,[bookmarks,None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'remove','Remove item',
                   self.remove_pinned,['files']
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'user-trash','Remove All',
                   self.remove_all_pinned,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        content = [bookmarks,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 

        pinned_files = self.get_pinned()

        if (pinned_files and 
            'files' in pinned_files.keys() and
            pinned_files['files']):
            for filepath in pinned_files['files']:
                icon = self.get_file_icon(filepath) 
                content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                           icon,os.path.basename(filepath),
                           self.open_item,[filepath]
                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)
        else:
            content = [bookmarks,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in bookmarks.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)

        places = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Places')
        content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'add',
                   'Pin Directory',self.pin_dir,[None]
        ]

        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'remove','Remove Pinned',
                   self.remove_pinned,['dirs']
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                   'Standard Dirs',None,None
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        last = None
        for i in places.get_children():
            last = i
        last.set_sensitive(False)
        for dir in self.get_user_dirs():
            icon = self.get_file_icon(dir)
            content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,icon,
                       os.path.basename(dir),self.open_item,[dir]

            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                   'Pinned Dirs',None,None
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        last = None
        for i in places.get_children():
            last = i
        last.set_sensitive(False)

        if (pinned_files and 
           'dirs' in pinned_files.keys() and
           pinned_files['dirs']):
            for dir in pinned_files['dirs']:
                icon = self.get_file_icon(dir)
                print(icon)
                content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,icon,
                           os.path.basename(dir),self.open_item,[dir]

                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)
        else:
            content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in places.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)

        content = [self.app_menu,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        content = [self.app_menu,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'exit',
                   'quit',self.quit,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.app.set_menu(self.app_menu)

    def check_directory(self,*args):
        current_set = set(os.listdir(args[-1]))
        return current_set - self.cached_set


    def get_pinned(self,*args):
        try:
            with open(self.pinned_list) as f:
                 return json.load(f,object_pairs_hook=OrderedDict)

        except FileNotFoundError:
            print('>>> ',self.pinned_list,' not found')
            return None
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            print(">>> Can't read ",self.pinned_list,',may be corrupt')
            return None

    def pin_dir(self,*args):
        # TODO
        current_list = self.get_pinned()
        if not current_list:
                current_list = OrderedDict()
                current_list['dirs'] = []
                f = open(self.pinned_list,'w')
                f.write("")
                f.close()

        if not args[-1]:
                cmd = "zenity --file-selection --directory --separator || --multiple"
                dirs = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        else:
                dirs = args[-1]

        dir_list = []
        if not dirs: return None
        dir_list = dirs.decode().strip().split("||")
        if not 'dirs' in current_list.keys():
             current_list['dirs'] = []
        for f in dir_list:
                #icon = self.get_file_icon(f)
                current_list['dirs'].append(f)

        with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(current_list,f,indent=4)
        self.make_menu()

    def pin_file(self,*args):
        current_list = self.get_pinned()
        if not current_list:
                current_list = OrderedDict()
                current_list['files'] = []
                f = open(self.pinned_list,'w')
                f.write("")
                f.close()
        if not args[-1]:
                cmd = "zenity --file-selection --separator || --multiple "
                files = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        else:
                files = args[-1]

        file_list = []
        if not files: return None
        file_list = files.decode().strip().split("||")
        if not 'files' in current_list.keys():
            current_list['files'] = []
        for f in file_list:
                #icon = self.get_file_icon(f)
                current_list['files'].append(f)

        with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(current_list,f,indent=4)
        self.make_menu()

    def remove_all_pinned(self,*args):
        try:
            #os.unlink(self.pinned_list)

            with open(self.pinned_list) as f:
                pinned = json.load(f)
            pinned.pop('files')       
            with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                    json.dump(pinned,f,indent=4)
        except:
            pass
        finally:
            self.make_menu()

    def remove_pinned(self,*args):
        key = args[-1]
        pinned = self.get_pinned() 
        if not pinned: return
        cmd_str = "zenity --forms --add-combo Remove --combo-values"
        vals = "|".join(pinned[key])
        cmd = cmd_str.split() + [vals]
        item = self.run_cmd(cmd)
        if item: 
            path = item.decode().strip()
            index = pinned[key].index(path)
            pinned[key].pop(index)
            with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(pinned,f,indent=4)
            self.make_menu()

    def add_recent(self,*args):
        cmd = "zenity --file-selection --separator || --multiple "
        files = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        file_list = []
        if not files: return
        file_list = files.decode().strip().split("||")
        items = ['file://' + f for f in file_list]
        for f in items: gtk.RecentManager().get_default().add_item(f)

    def clear_recent(self,*args):
        try:
            gtk.RecentManager.get_default().purge_items()
            self.make_menu()
        except:
            pass

    def open_item(self,*args):
        #self.run_cmd(['xdg-open',args[-1]]) 
        if args[-1].endswith('.desktop'):
            desk_file = Gio.DesktopAppInfo.new_from_filename(args[-1])
            return desk_file.launch_uris()
        return subprocess.Popen(['xdg-open',args[-1]])

    def quit(self,*args):
        gtk.main_quit()

    def run_cmd(self, cmdlist):
        """ utility: reusable function for running external commands """
        #new_env = dict(os.environ)
        #new_env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
        try:
            stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmdlist) #env=new_env)
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            pass
        else:
            if stdout:
                return stdout

    def run(self):
        """ Launches the indicator """
        try:
            gtk.main()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            pass

    def quit(self, *args):
        """ closes indicator """
        gtk.main_quit()


def main():
    """ defines program entry point """
    indicator = FilesIndicator()
    indicator.run()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  try:
    main()
  except  KeyboardInterrupt:
    gtk.main_quit()

配置

该指标通过存储在用户主目录中的两个 json 文件进行配置。

~/.files_indicator.json控制用户界面、菜单项的长度以及最近文件菜单中的最大数量。

{
    "name_length": 30,
    "max_items": 10
}

控制~/.pinned_files.json固定文件和文件夹的列表。每项都是一个列表/数组。

{
    "dirs": [
        "/home/xieerqi/\u56fe\u7247/Wallpapers"
    ],
    "files": [
        "/home/xieerqi/work_in_progress/videonauth_code.py",
        "/home/xieerqi/work_in_progress/spin_button.py"
    ]
}

Answer

更新日期：2017 年 2 月 24 日：指示器现在可以选择固定网络链接。

介绍

下面介绍的文件指示器是用于访问用户文件和文件夹的简单指示器。它允许检查最近使用的文件、为文件和目录添加书签。

更新: 指示器现在还支持启动已固定的 .desktop 文件。例如，如果您已固定 firefox.desktop，它将启动 firefox。因此，指示器可用作程序的快速启动器。在撰写本文时（格林威治标准时间 11 月 19 日晚上 7:53，大约需要 24 小时才能处理），该功能已在 github 和此处的更新源代码中提供。

获取指标

该指标可从我的个人 PPA 以及GitHub. 使用以下步骤获取它：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:1047481448-2/sergkolo
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install files-indicator

源代码

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#
# Author: Serg Kolo , contact: [email protected]
# Date: November 19 , 2016
# Purpose: appindicator for accessing files and folders
# Tested on: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
#
#
# Licensed under The MIT License (MIT).
# See included LICENSE file or the notice below.
#
# Copyright © 2016 Sergiy Kolodyazhnyy
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
# in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import gi
gi.require_version('AppIndicator3', '0.1')
gi.require_version('Notify', '0.7')
from gi.repository import GLib as glib
from gi.repository import AppIndicator3 as appindicator
from gi.repository import Gtk as gtk
from gi.repository import Gio
from gi.repository import Notify
from collections import OrderedDict
# from collections import OrderedDict
import urllib.parse
import subprocess
import copy
import shutil
import dbus
import math
import json
import os

class FilesIndicator(object):

    def __init__(self):
        self.app = appindicator.Indicator.new(
            'files-indicator', "document-open-recent",
            appindicator.IndicatorCategory.HARDWARE
        )
        self.user_home = os.path.expanduser('~')
        filename = '.pinned_files.json'
        self.pinned_list = os.path.join(self.user_home,filename)

        self.config = os.path.join(self.user_home,'.files_indicator.json')
        self.max_items = 15
        self.name_length = 20
        self.read_config()

        self.app.set_status(appindicator.IndicatorStatus.ACTIVE)

        self.cached_files = self.get_recent_files()
        self.make_menu()
        self.update()

    def read_config(self,*args):
        config = {}
        try:
            with open(self.config) as f:
                 config = json.load(f)

        except FileNotFoundError:
            print('>>> ',self.config,' not found.Creating one')
            f = open(self.config,'w')
            config = {'max_items':self.max_items,
                      'name_length':self.name_length
            }
            json.dump(config,f,indent=4)
            f.close()
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            print(">>> Can't read ",self.pinned_list,',may be corrupt')
            return None
        else:
            self.max_items = config['max_items']
            self.name_length = config['name_length']

    def add_menu_item(self, menu_obj, item_type, image, label, action, args):
        """ dynamic function that can add menu items depending on
            the item type and other arguments"""
        menu_item, icon = None, None
        if item_type is gtk.ImageMenuItem and label:
            menu_item = gtk.ImageMenuItem.new_with_label(label)
            menu_item.set_always_show_image(True)
            if '/' in image:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_file(image)
            else:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_icon_name(image, 48)
            menu_item.set_image(icon)
        elif item_type is gtk.ImageMenuItem and not label:
            menu_item = gtk.ImageMenuItem()
            menu_item.set_always_show_image(True)
            if '/' in image:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_file(image)
            else:
                icon = gtk.Image.new_from_icon_name(image, 16)
            menu_item.set_image(icon)
        elif item_type is gtk.MenuItem:
            menu_item = gtk.MenuItem(label)
        elif item_type is gtk.SeparatorMenuItem:
            menu_item = gtk.SeparatorMenuItem()
        if action:
            menu_item.connect('activate', action, *args)

        menu_obj.append(menu_item)
        menu_item.show()

    def get_user_dirs(self,*args):
        user_dirs = []
        for index,val in glib.UserDirectory.__enum_values__.items():
            if index == 8: continue
            dir = glib.get_user_special_dir(index)
            if dir: user_dirs.append(dir)
        return user_dirs

    def get_file_icon(self,*args):
        if args[-1].endswith('.desktop'):
            desk_file = Gio.DesktopAppInfo.new_from_filename(args[-1])
            icon = desk_file.get_icon()
            if type(icon) == Gio.ThemedIcon:
                themed_name = icon.get_names()[0]
                theme = gtk.IconTheme.get_default()
                name = theme.lookup_icon(themed_name, 48, 0).get_filename()
            if type(icon) == Gio.FileIcon:
                name = icon.get_file().get_uri()

            icon_url= urllib.parse.unquote(name).replace('file://','') 
            return icon_url

        file = Gio.File.new_for_path(args[-1])
        file_info = file.query_info("standard::*",0)
        icon_string = file_info.get_icon().to_string()
        if 'folder-' in icon_string:
            return icon_string.split()[-2]
        return icon_string.split()[-1]

    def get_recent_files(self,*args):
        manager = gtk.RecentManager.get_default()
        try:
            files = OrderedDict()
            for index,item in enumerate(manager.get_items(),1):
                    uri = item.get_uri()
                    uri_decoded = urllib.parse.unquote(uri)
                    filepath = uri_decoded.replace('file://','')
                    if not os.path.exists(filepath): continue
                    basename = os.path.basename(uri_decoded)
                    files[basename] = filepath
                    if index == self.max_items:
                        break
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            return None
        finally:  return files

    def callback(self,*args):
        self.update()

    def update(self,*args):
        current_files = self.get_recent_files()
        if current_files != self.cached_files:
             self.make_menu()
             self.cached_files = current_files
        glib.timeout_add_seconds(3,self.callback)

    def add_submenu(self,top_menu,label):
        menuitem = gtk.MenuItem(label)
        submenu = gtk.Menu()
        menuitem.set_submenu(submenu)
        top_menu.append(menuitem)
        menuitem.show()
        return submenu

    def make_menu(self):
        if hasattr(self, 'app_menu'):
            for item in self.app_menu.get_children():
                    self.app_menu.remove(item)
        else:
            self.app_menu = gtk.Menu()
        recent = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Recent Files')
        recent_dict = self.get_recent_files()

        content = [recent,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'gtk-add',
                   'Add to Recent Files',self.add_recent,[None]
        ]      
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 

        content = [recent,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'user-trash',
                   'Clear recent files list',self.clear_recent,[None]
        ]      
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [recent,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 
        if not recent_dict:
            content = [recent,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in recent.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)
        else:
            for name,data in recent_dict.items():
                icon = self.get_file_icon(data)
                content = [recent, gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                           icon, name[:self.name_length],
                           self.open_item, [data]
                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)

        # Pinned files
        bookmarks = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Pinned Files')
        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'bookmark_add','Pin a file',
                   self.pin_file,[bookmarks,None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'remove','Remove item',
                   self.remove_pinned,['files']
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'user-trash','Remove All',
                   self.remove_all_pinned,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        content = [bookmarks,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.add_menu_item(*content) 

        pinned_files = self.get_pinned()

        if (pinned_files and 
            'files' in pinned_files.keys() and
            pinned_files['files']):
            for filepath in pinned_files['files']:
                icon = self.get_file_icon(filepath) 
                content = [bookmarks,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                           icon,os.path.basename(filepath),
                           self.open_item,[filepath]
                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)
        else:
            content = [bookmarks,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in bookmarks.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)

        places = self.add_submenu(self.app_menu,'Places')
        content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'add',
                   'Pin Directory',self.pin_dir,[None]
        ]

        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,
                   'remove','Remove Pinned',
                   self.remove_pinned,['dirs']
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                   'Standard Dirs',None,None
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        last = None
        for i in places.get_children():
            last = i
        last.set_sensitive(False)
        for dir in self.get_user_dirs():
            icon = self.get_file_icon(dir)
            content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,icon,
                       os.path.basename(dir),self.open_item,[dir]

            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)

        content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                   'Pinned Dirs',None,None
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        last = None
        for i in places.get_children():
            last = i
        last.set_sensitive(False)

        if (pinned_files and 
           'dirs' in pinned_files.keys() and
           pinned_files['dirs']):
            for dir in pinned_files['dirs']:
                icon = self.get_file_icon(dir)
                print(icon)
                content = [places,gtk.ImageMenuItem,icon,
                           os.path.basename(dir),self.open_item,[dir]

                ]
                self.add_menu_item(*content)
        else:
            content = [places,gtk.MenuItem,None,
                       'No items',None,None
            ]
            self.add_menu_item(*content)
            last = None
            for i in places.get_children():
                last = i
            last.set_sensitive(False)

        content = [self.app_menu,gtk.SeparatorMenuItem,
                   None,None,
                   None,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        content = [self.app_menu,gtk.ImageMenuItem,'exit',
                   'quit',self.quit,[None]
        ]
        self.add_menu_item(*content)
        self.app.set_menu(self.app_menu)

    def check_directory(self,*args):
        current_set = set(os.listdir(args[-1]))
        return current_set - self.cached_set


    def get_pinned(self,*args):
        try:
            with open(self.pinned_list) as f:
                 return json.load(f,object_pairs_hook=OrderedDict)

        except FileNotFoundError:
            print('>>> ',self.pinned_list,' not found')
            return None
        except json.JSONDecodeError:
            print(">>> Can't read ",self.pinned_list,',may be corrupt')
            return None

    def pin_dir(self,*args):
        # TODO
        current_list = self.get_pinned()
        if not current_list:
                current_list = OrderedDict()
                current_list['dirs'] = []
                f = open(self.pinned_list,'w')
                f.write("")
                f.close()

        if not args[-1]:
                cmd = "zenity --file-selection --directory --separator || --multiple"
                dirs = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        else:
                dirs = args[-1]

        dir_list = []
        if not dirs: return None
        dir_list = dirs.decode().strip().split("||")
        if not 'dirs' in current_list.keys():
             current_list['dirs'] = []
        for f in dir_list:
                #icon = self.get_file_icon(f)
                current_list['dirs'].append(f)

        with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(current_list,f,indent=4)
        self.make_menu()

    def pin_file(self,*args):
        current_list = self.get_pinned()
        if not current_list:
                current_list = OrderedDict()
                current_list['files'] = []
                f = open(self.pinned_list,'w')
                f.write("")
                f.close()
        if not args[-1]:
                cmd = "zenity --file-selection --separator || --multiple "
                files = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        else:
                files = args[-1]

        file_list = []
        if not files: return None
        file_list = files.decode().strip().split("||")
        if not 'files' in current_list.keys():
            current_list['files'] = []
        for f in file_list:
                #icon = self.get_file_icon(f)
                current_list['files'].append(f)

        with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(current_list,f,indent=4)
        self.make_menu()

    def remove_all_pinned(self,*args):
        try:
            #os.unlink(self.pinned_list)

            with open(self.pinned_list) as f:
                pinned = json.load(f)
            pinned.pop('files')       
            with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                    json.dump(pinned,f,indent=4)
        except:
            pass
        finally:
            self.make_menu()

    def remove_pinned(self,*args):
        key = args[-1]
        pinned = self.get_pinned() 
        if not pinned: return
        cmd_str = "zenity --forms --add-combo Remove --combo-values"
        vals = "|".join(pinned[key])
        cmd = cmd_str.split() + [vals]
        item = self.run_cmd(cmd)
        if item: 
            path = item.decode().strip()
            index = pinned[key].index(path)
            pinned[key].pop(index)
            with open(self.pinned_list,'w') as f:
                json.dump(pinned,f,indent=4)
            self.make_menu()

    def add_recent(self,*args):
        cmd = "zenity --file-selection --separator || --multiple "
        files = self.run_cmd(cmd.split())
        file_list = []
        if not files: return
        file_list = files.decode().strip().split("||")
        items = ['file://' + f for f in file_list]
        for f in items: gtk.RecentManager().get_default().add_item(f)

    def clear_recent(self,*args):
        try:
            gtk.RecentManager.get_default().purge_items()
            self.make_menu()
        except:
            pass

    def open_item(self,*args):
        #self.run_cmd(['xdg-open',args[-1]]) 
        if args[-1].endswith('.desktop'):
            desk_file = Gio.DesktopAppInfo.new_from_filename(args[-1])
            return desk_file.launch_uris()
        return subprocess.Popen(['xdg-open',args[-1]])

    def quit(self,*args):
        gtk.main_quit()

    def run_cmd(self, cmdlist):
        """ utility: reusable function for running external commands """
        #new_env = dict(os.environ)
        #new_env['LC_ALL'] = 'C'
        try:
            stdout = subprocess.check_output(cmdlist) #env=new_env)
        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            pass
        else:
            if stdout:
                return stdout

    def run(self):
        """ Launches the indicator """
        try:
            gtk.main()
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            pass

    def quit(self, *args):
        """ closes indicator """
        gtk.main_quit()


def main():
    """ defines program entry point """
    indicator = FilesIndicator()
    indicator.run()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  try:
    main()
  except  KeyboardInterrupt:
    gtk.main_quit()

配置

该指标通过存储在用户主目录中的两个 json 文件进行配置。

~/.files_indicator.json控制用户界面、菜单项的长度以及最近文件菜单中的最大数量。

{
    "name_length": 30,
    "max_items": 10
}

控制~/.pinned_files.json固定文件和文件夹的列表。每项都是一个列表/数组。

{
    "dirs": [
        "/home/xieerqi/\u56fe\u7247/Wallpapers"
    ],
    "files": [
        "/home/xieerqi/work_in_progress/videonauth_code.py",
        "/home/xieerqi/work_in_progress/spin_button.py"
    ]
}

是否有指示器可以快速访问最近使用的文件？

答案1

在面板中显示最近使用的文件

怎么运行的

如何设置

笔记

解释

笔记

答案2

答案3

答案4

介绍

获取指标

源代码

配置

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