这是我第二次遇到这个问题，我真的不想再重新安装 Ubuntu。我当时正在摆弄桌面环境，安装了 Xubuntu、KDE，但我不喜欢登录屏幕，所以我又恢复到了 Unity。我的游戏在 Xubuntu 和 Unity 上运行良好，但问题发生在我尝试安装 Plasma 之后，第一次安装尝试失败了，所以我不得不重置一些设置才能成功进行第二次尝试。
当我第一次尝试在 Unity 上安装 Steam 时也遇到了同样的问题（我通过重新安装 Ubuntu 解决了这个问题）：
起初，Steam 无法启动，但我通过快速谷歌搜索找到了解决方案。然后，游戏无法启动。（“准备启动游戏”窗口关闭后没有任何反应）但游戏进程正在运行（占用约 10mb 内存）。
我已经为我的 AMD GPU 安装了正确的 Mesa 驱动程序，并且我的 OpenGL 也是最新的。
这是我尝试打开《反恐精英：全球攻势》等游戏时的日志：
游戏更新：AppID 730“反恐精英：全球攻势”，ProcID 9488，IP 0.0.0.0:0 错误：ld.so：来自 LD_PRELOAD 的对象‘/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/gameoverlayrenderer.so’无法预加载（错误的 ELF 类：ELFCLASS32）：忽略。 错误：ld.so：来自 LD_PRELOAD 的对象‘/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/gameoverlayrenderer.so’无法预加载（错误的 ELF 类：ELFCLASS32）：忽略。 /bin/bash：/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5：没有可用的版本信息（/bin/bash 所需） pid 9491 != 9490，跳过破坏（没有 exec 的 fork？） 错误：ld.so：来自 LD_PRELOAD 的对象‘/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/gameoverlayrenderer.so’无法预加载（错误的 ELF 类：ELFCLASS32）：忽略。 错误：ld.so：来自 LD_PRELOAD 的对象‘/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/gameoverlayrenderer.so’无法预加载（错误的 ELF 类：ELFCLASS32）：忽略。 libGL 错误：无法加载驱动程序：r600_dri.so libGL 错误：缺少驱动程序指针 libGL 错误：无法加载驱动程序：r600 libGL 错误：无法加载驱动程序：swrast_dri.so libGL 错误：无法加载驱动程序：swrast CListHash::BLoadFromDisk: 无法将文件 /home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/config/filterlist.vdf 加载到缓冲区。 生成新的字符串页面纹理 389：16x256，总字符串纹理内存为 2.03 MB
这是我尝试打开 Steam 时的日志：
Running Steam on ubuntu 16.04 64-bit
STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically
grep: symbol lookup error: grep: undefined symbol: pcre_jit_stack_alloc
grep: symbol lookup error: grep: undefined symbol: pcre_jit_stack_alloc
grep: symbol lookup error: grep: undefined symbol: pcre_jit_stack_alloc
/bin/bash: /home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5: no version information available (required by /bin/bash)
awk: /home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5: no version information available (required by /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.so.6)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "gail"
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "atk-bridge"
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "unity-gtk-module"
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Fontconfig error: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf", line 72: non-double matrix element
Fontconfig error: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf", line 72: non-double matrix element
Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf", line 80: saw unknown, expected number
[0920/091737:ERROR:main_delegate.cc(779)] Could not load cef_extensions.pak
[0920/091737:ERROR:browser_main_loop.cc(217)] Running without the SUID sandbox! See https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/master/docs/linux_suid_sandbox_development.md for more information on developing with the sandbox on.
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steamwebhelper)/version(20160823182455)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steamwebhelper)/version(1471976695)
[0920/091737:ERROR:main_delegate.cc(779)] Could not load cef_extensions.pak
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steamwebhelper)/version(20160823182455)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steamwebhelper)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steamwebhelper)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Created shared memory when not owner SteamController_Shared_mem
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)</pre>
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Unknown device type 14
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Could not create object for /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2: unknown object type
Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1471977975)
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'secondaries'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'autoconnect-priority'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'route-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'address-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'route-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'address-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'secondaries'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'autoconnect-priority'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'route-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'address-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'route-data'
** (steam:9298): WARNING **: Ignoring invalid property 'address-data'
生成新的字符串页面纹理 2：48x256，总字符串纹理内存为 49.15 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 3：256x256，总字符串纹理内存为 311.30 KB 为 appid(steam)/version(1471977975) 安装 breakpad 异常处理程序 为 appid(steam)/version(1471977975) 安装 breakpad 异常处理程序 为 appid(steam)/version(1471977975) 安装 breakpad 异常处理程序 漫游配置存储已成功加载-340 字节。 迁移临时漫游配置存储 字体配置错误：“/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf”，第 72 行：非双矩阵元素 字体配置错误：“/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf”，第 72 行：非双矩阵元素 Fontconfig 警告：“/etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf”，第 80 行：看到未知的预期数字 为 appid(steam)/version(1471977975) 安装 breakpad 异常处理程序 由于未安装 SteamVR，因此无法初始化它 执行命令行: ""/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam" " 为 appid(steam)/version(1471977975) 安装 breakpad 异常处理程序 系统启动时间：3.66秒 bash：/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5：没有可用的版本信息（bash 所要求） grep：符号查找错误：grep：未定义符号：pcre_jit_stack_alloc grep：符号查找错误：grep：未定义符号：pcre_jit_stack_alloc 生成新的字符串页面纹理 73：128x256，总字符串纹理内存为 442.37 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 74：128x256，总字符串纹理内存为 131.07 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 75：64x256，总字符串纹理内存为 507.90 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 76：8x256，总字符串纹理内存为 516.10 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 77：32x256，总字符串纹理内存为 548.86 KB 在 ubuntu 16.04 64 位上运行 Steam STEAM_RUNTIME 已被用户设置为：/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime /bin/bash：/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5：没有可用的版本信息（/bin/bash 所需） grep：符号查找错误：grep：未定义符号：pcre_jit_stack_alloc grep：符号查找错误：grep：未定义符号：pcre_jit_stack_alloc grep：符号查找错误：grep：未定义符号：pcre_jit_stack_alloc awk：/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5：没有可用的版本信息（/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libreadline.so.6 所需） /usr/bin/ldd：第 119 行：printf：写入错误：管道损坏 ExecCommandLine：“/home/ld/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam steam://open/driverhelperready” ExecSteamURL：“steam://open/driverhelperready” 生成新的字符串页面纹理 126：256x256，总字符串纹理内存为 811.01 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 127：128x256，总字符串纹理内存为 942.08 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 128：384x256，总字符串纹理内存为 1.34 MB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 129：24x256，总字符串纹理内存为 1.36 MB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 131：128x256，总字符串纹理内存为 1.49 MB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 176：64x256，总字符串纹理内存为 196.61 KB 生成新的字符串页面纹理 224：512x256，总字符串纹理内存为 2.02 MB
答案1
终于解决了问题。我所要做的就是删除
libstdc++
和
libgcc_s
使用以下命令：
libstdc++：
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_amd64 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_amd64.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_amd64 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_amd64.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.a && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.map && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6-4.6-pic && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_i386 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6-4.6-pic_4.6.3-1ubuntu5+srt4_i386.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_i386 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/installed/libstdc++6_4.8.1-2ubuntu1~12.04+steamrt2+srt1_i386.md5 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.a && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6/libstdc++_pic.map && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6-4.6-pic && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime.old/i386/usr/share/doc/libstdc++6
libgcc_s：
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 && rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1
和
rm ~/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1