因此，在我从 16.10 更新到 17.04 后，我遇到了很多问题。我遇到的最大问题是 texlive 出现了问题，现在我无法编译任何 Latex 文件。所以我尝试在重新安装之前将其删除。以为这样有效了。然后我尝试重新安装，sudo apt-get install texlive结果
Selecting previously unselected package fonts-texgyre.
(Reading database ... 236984 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-fonts-texgyre_20160520-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking fonts-texgyre (20160520-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfile-homedir-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libfile-homedir-perl_1.00-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libfile-homedir-perl (1.00-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../02-texlive-generic-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-generic-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-latex-recommended.
Preparing to unpack .../03-texlive-latex-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-latex-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pictures.
Preparing to unpack .../04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pictures (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
unable to create new file '/var/lib/dpkg/info/texlive-pictures.list-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pstricks.
Preparing to unpack .../05-texlive-pstricks_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pstricks (2016.20170123-5) ...
Preparing to unpack .../06-prosper_1.00.4+cvs.2007.05.01-4.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking prosper (1.00.4+cvs.2007.05.01-4.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ps2eps.
Preparing to unpack .../07-ps2eps_1.68+binaryfree-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking ps2eps (1.68+binaryfree-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tex-gyre.
Preparing to unpack .../08-tex-gyre_20160520-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking tex-gyre (20160520-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-fonts-recommended.
Preparing to unpack .../09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
unable to open '/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/times/ptmro8c.vf.dpkg-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive.
Preparing to unpack .../10-texlive_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-extra-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../11-texlive-extra-utils_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-extra-utils (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-font-utils.
Preparing to unpack .../12-texlive-font-utils_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-font-utils (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-fonts-recommended-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../13-texlive-fonts-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-latex-recommended-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../14-texlive-latex-recommended-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-latex-recommended-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pictures-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pictures-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
unable to create new file '/var/lib/dpkg/info/texlive-pictures-doc.list-new': Operation not permitted
Selecting previously unselected package texlive-pstricks-doc.
Preparing to unpack .../16-texlive-pstricks-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-pstricks-doc (2016.20170123-5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package tipa.
Preparing to unpack .../17-tipa_2%3a1.3-20_all.deb ...
Unpacking tipa (2:1.3-20) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/04-texlive-pictures_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/09-texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-0MB8K8/15-texlive-pictures-doc_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
然后我尝试了一下，apt install -f结果是
(Reading database ... 243034 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb ...
Unpacking texlive-fonts-recommended (2016.20170123-5) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb (--unpack):
unable to open '/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/urw35vf/helvetic/uhvb8t.tfm.dpkg-new': Operation not permitted
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我在另一篇文章中读到，我必须强制覆盖，所以我用 执行了sudo dpkg -i --force all /var/cache/apt/archives/texlive-fonts-recommended_2016.20170123-5_all.deb。它没有错误，但显示某些软件包未完全安装，所以我要求使用dkpg -C。那里说有些没有配置（用 执行dpkg --configure -a），有些已触发但触发处理尚未完成（用 执行dpkg --configure --pending）。然后还有
The following packages are missing the md5sums control file in the
database, they need to be reinstalled:
texlive-pictures TeX Live: Graphics, pictures, diagrams
texlive-pictures-doc TeX Live: Documentation files for texlive-pictures
在配置时，一个包提示无法配置，因为另一个包尚未配置。我尝试在之后配置这个包，但随后出现了依赖关系问题：
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pstricks:
texlive-pstricks depends on texlive-pictures (>= 2016.20170123-2); however:
Package texlive-pictures is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package texlive-pstricks (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
我做到了sudo apt-get install texlive-pictures，而且结果显示
Reading state information... Done
texlive-pictures is already the newest version (2016.20170123-5).
texlive-pictures set to manually installed.
我真的不明白，不知道现在该怎么办。
结果如下apt-get purge texlive：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package 'texlive' is not installed, so not removed
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 7 not to upgrade.
4 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/108 MB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of texlive-pstricks:
texlive-pstricks depends on texlive-pictures (>= 2016.20170123-2); however:
Package texlive-pictures is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package texlive-pstricks (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure.
No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of prosper:
prosper depends on texlive-pstricks; however:
Package texlive-pstricks is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package prosper (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
texlive-pstricks
prosper
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
答案1
由于可能无法安装，那么清除并重新安装怎么样？使用
apt-get purge texlive
然后尝试安装
编辑：总结一下问题是如何解决的：使用
sudo apt-get install aptitude
安装 aptitude 包管理器（可能没有必要）
sudo aptitude install texlive_
清除 texlive
sudo aptitude -f install texlive
安装 texlive 应该安装 texlive，现在编译时出现错误，缺少一些 .sty，已解决
sudo aptitude -f reinstall texlive-pictures
sudo aptitude -f install texlive-latex-extra
这应该可以解决所有问题