☰

无法启动 GUI，Ubuntu 16.04 出现黑屏

tag-icon • tag-icon 16.04 intel-graphics
无法启动 GUI，Ubuntu 16.04 出现黑屏

我刚刚买了一台新台式机，安装了 i5-8600K CPU 和 Ubuntu 16.04。我使用英特尔 GPU。一开始一切都正常。但经过几次更新后。它无法启动到图形登录屏幕。

我可以用 tty1 登录，但我发现 /var/log/Xorg.0.log 上的日志可能有问题。有人能告诉我该怎么办吗？谢谢。

[     5.891] 
X.Org X Server 1.18.4
Release Date: 2016-07-19
[     5.891] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[     5.891] Build Operating System: Linux 4.4.0-97-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
[     5.891] Current Operating System: Linux rba 4.10.0-40-generic #44~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Nov 9 15:37:44 UTC 2017 x86_64
[     5.891] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.10.0-40-generic.efi.signed root=UUID=4b978988-84ad-479b-9312-e56bbd57983b ro nomodeset
[     5.891] Build Date: 13 October 2017  01:57:05PM
[     5.891] xorg-server 2:1.18.4-0ubuntu0.7 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support) 
[     5.891] Current version of pixman: 0.33.6
[     5.891]    Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[     5.891] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
    (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
    (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[     5.891] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Nov 23 00:04:31 2017
[     5.891] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
[     5.891] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[     5.902] (==) No Layout section.  Using the first Screen section.
[     5.902] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen" (0)
[     5.902] (**) |   |-->Monitor "Configured Monitor"
[     5.902] (**) |   |-->Device "Configured Video Device"
[     5.902] (==) Automatically adding devices
[     5.902] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[     5.902] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[     5.902] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
[     5.902] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[     5.902]    Entry deleted from font path.
[     5.902] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[     5.902]    Entry deleted from font path.
[     5.902] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[     5.902]    Entry deleted from font path.
[     5.902] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[     5.902]    Entry deleted from font path.
[     5.902] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[     5.902]    Entry deleted from font path.
[     5.902] (==) FontPath set to:
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
    /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
    built-ins
[     5.902] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[     5.902] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
    If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[     5.902] (II) Loader magic: 0x55852f76edc0
[     5.902] (II) Module ABI versions:
[     5.902]    X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[     5.902]    X.Org Video Driver: 20.0
[     5.902]    X.Org XInput driver : 22.1
[     5.902]    X.Org Server Extension : 9.0
[     5.903] (++) using VT number 7
[     5.903] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration
[     5.904] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:3e92:1458:d000 rev 0, Mem @ 0xf6000000/16777216, 0xe0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x0000f000/64, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[     5.904] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[     5.909] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[     5.936] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[     5.936]    compiled for 1.18.4, module version = 1.0.0
[     5.936]    ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 9.0
[     5.936] (==) AIGLX enabled
[     5.936] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[     5.936] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module vesa
[     5.936] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[     5.936] (II) Unloading vesa
[     5.936] (EE) Failed to load module "vesa" (module does not exist, 0)
[     5.936] (==) Matched intel as autoconfigured driver 0
[     5.936] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 1
[     5.936] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 2
[     5.936] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 3
[     5.936] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[     5.936] (II) LoadModule: "intel"
[     5.936] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so
[     5.937] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[     5.937]    compiled for 1.18.4, module version = 2.99.917
[     5.937]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[     5.937]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0
[     5.937] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[     5.937] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[     5.937] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[     5.937]    compiled for 1.18.4, module version = 1.18.4
[     5.937]    Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[     5.937]    ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 20.0
[     5.937] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[     5.937] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module fbdev
[     5.937] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[     5.937] (II) Unloading fbdev
[     5.937] (EE) Failed to load module "fbdev" (module does not exist, 0)
[     5.937] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[     5.937] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module vesa
[     5.937] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[     5.937] (II) Unloading vesa
[     5.937] (EE) Failed to load module "vesa" (module does not exist, 0)
[     5.937] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Integrated Graphics Chipsets:
    i810, i810-dc100, i810e, i815, i830M, 845G, 854, 852GM/855GM, 865G,
    915G, E7221 (i915), 915GM, 945G, 945GM, 945GME, Pineview GM,
    Pineview G, 965G, G35, 965Q, 946GZ, 965GM, 965GME/GLE, G33, Q35, Q33,
    GM45, 4 Series, G45/G43, Q45/Q43, G41, B43
[     5.937] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) HD Graphics: 2000-6000
[     5.937] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Graphics: 5100, 6100
[     5.937] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Pro Graphics: 5200, 6200, P6300
[     5.937] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[     5.940] (EE) open /dev/dri/card0: No such file or directory
[     5.940] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[     5.940] (EE) open /dev/dri/card0: No such file or directory
[     5.940] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[     5.940] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[     5.940] (EE) Device(s) detected, but none match those in the config file.
[     5.940] (EE) 
Fatal server error:
[     5.940] (EE) no screens found(EE) 
[     5.940] (EE) 
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support 
     at http://wiki.x.org
 for help. 
[     5.940] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[     5.940] (EE) 
[     5.941] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.

答案1

问题从“5.936”标记开始

[     5.936] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[     5.936] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module vesa
[     5.936] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[     5.936] (II) Unloading vesa
[     5.936] (EE) Failed to load module "vesa" (module does not exist, 0)

这表明您最近的更新之一删除或破坏了为英特尔 GPU 提供驱动程序的模块。您可能需要启动到救援模式（可通过 GRUB 启动菜单访问），并在该救援模式下检查新的软件包更新并安装它们。如果这不能解决问题，您可能需要重新安装 Mesa 软件包（如 mesa-utils）。

无论如何，一旦正确安装了英特尔驱动程序，问题似乎就会得到解决。很有可能，这个问题是由一个小故障引起的，而不是你做错了什么（但我不能 100% 确定，因为我不知道你之前采取的步骤）。

答案2

您需要安装内核 4.15（或更新）

你可以通过以下方式进行操作：

或者，如果您无法复制文本，您可以执行以下操作：

并下载 3 个 deb 包。对我来说，它们是：

  • Linux 头文件
  • Linux 标头-4.15.0-041500-generic_4.15.0-041500.201801282230_amd64.deb
  • Linux 映像-4.15.0-041500-generic_4.15.0-041500.201801282230_amd64.deb

然后先安装图像，然后安装通用标题，然后安装标题，然后更新 grub 并重新启动。

sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.15* linux-image-4.15*

sudo 更新 grub

相关内容