所以我使用 ubuntu 17.10 并从这里下载了最新的 drm-next 内核http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/drm-next/2017-12-05/对于 amd64
它们的低延迟版本（我确实下载了 3 个 deb，“全部”，“标题低延迟”和“图像低延迟：）
当我sudo dpkg -i *.deb
我明白了：
(Reading database ... 345060 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack linux-headers-4.15.0-996_4.15.0-996.201712042105_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.15.0-996 (4.15.0-996.201712042105) over (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Preparing to unpack linux-headers-4.15.0-996-lowlatency_4.15.0-996.201712042105_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.15.0-996-lowlatency (4.15.0-996.201712042105) over (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Preparing to unpack linux-image-4.15.0-996-lowlatency_4.15.0-996.201712042105_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Unpacking linux-image-4.15.0-996-lowlatency (4.15.0-996.201712042105) over (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
Setting up linux-headers-4.15.0-996 (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Setting up linux-headers-4.15.0-996-lowlatency (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Examining /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
ERROR (dkms apport): kernel package linux-headers-4.15.0-996-lowlatency is not supported
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 4.15.0-996-lowlatency (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/5.1.30/build/make.log for more information.
Setting up linux-image-4.15.0-996-lowlatency (4.15.0-996.201712042105) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Not updating initrd symbolic links since we are being updated/reinstalled
(4.15.0-996.201712042105 was configured last, according to dpkg)
Not updating image symbolic links since we are being updated/reinstalled
(4.15.0-996.201712042105 was configured last, according to dpkg)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
ERROR (dkms apport): kernel package linux-headers-4.15.0-996-lowlatency is not supported
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 4.15.0-996-lowlatency (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/virtualbox/5.1.30/build/make.log for more information.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_gpu_info.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_asd.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_rlc.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_mec2.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_mec.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_me.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_pfp.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_ce.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_sdma.bin for module amdgpu
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/amdgpu/raven_vcn.bin for module amdgpu
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.15.0-996-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-041500rc1-lowlatency
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-041500rc1-lowlatency
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-996-lowlatency
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.13.0-18-lowlatency
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-18-lowlatency
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.13.0-18-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-18-generic
Found Ubuntu 16.10 (16.10) on /dev/sda2
Adding boot menu entry for EFI firmware configuration
done
但重新启动并进入后uname -r我仍然得到输出4.15.0-041500rc1-lowlatency（不要混淆它不一样它是我的“旧”内核恰好稍微旧一点它不是我尝试安装的新内核即DRM-NEXT-l4.15.0-996.201712042105-lowlatency）
我错过了什么？
编辑：好的，内核似乎存在于 grub 中，并且 ubuntu 使用新内核启动，但为什么它没有像我升级时通常发生的那样变成默认内核？
答案1
我的答案是关于 nVidia GPU 的，我看到您使用的是 AMD GPU。但流程应该相同。
通常，这些dkms错误是由于您使用的内核包在构建时未收到所需的 nVidia 补丁而引起的。构建包时，这些补丁位于 debian 文件夹中。以下是内核 4.15 所需补丁的 nVidia 参考。例如伪官方 Ubuntu PPA您应该使用安装最新内核的版本昨天才更新了 nvidia-490 Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 的 4.15 内核。hwe-edge今天确实为所有 Ubuntu 支持的发行版切换到了内核 4.15，但直到 4.15 的补丁成为构建 nVidia 驱动程序的 debian 文件夹的一部分时才会起作用。您应该为 nVidia 驱动程序寻找的 PPA 是这里。
我必须在我的 Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 上使用适当的补丁重新编译，以便 dkms（和 nVidia 驱动程序）能够正确地在 nVidia GPU 上工作...
如果您需要进一步的帮助请告诉我。