/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg 已注释掉所有配置。ansible 如何工作?

/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg 已注释掉所有配置。ansible 如何工作?

背景和上下文:我是一名网络工程师,我的职业生涯并没有走过传统的“系统”或“IT”道路,但现在我正在学习网络自动化和编排配置管理和支持。在我继续使用 ansible 来自动化我的新路由器/交换机部署的基本配置之前,我想充分了解我的控制站上发生了什么,就 ansible 代码与系统配置等的交互而言。考虑到所有这些.....

$ cat /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg | egrep -v "(^#.*|^$)"
[defaults]
[inventory]
[privilege_escalation]
[paramiko_connection]
[ssh_connection]
[persistent_connection]
[accelerate]
[selinux]
[colors]
[diff]

$ cat /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg | more

[defaults]

# some basic default values...

#inventory      = /etc/ansible/hosts--------------->commented out?
#library        = /usr/share/my_modules/
#module_utils   = /usr/share/my_module_utils/
#remote_tmp     = ~/.ansible/tmp
#local_tmp      = ~/.ansible/tmp
#forks          = 5
#poll_interval  = 15
#sudo_user      = root
#ask_sudo_pass = True
#ask_pass      = True
#transport      = smart
#remote_port    = 22
#module_lang    = C
#module_set_locale = False

$ ansible-playbook test.yaml --connection=localhost
 [WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: all

 [WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available


PLAY [localhost] **************************************************************************************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************************************************************************ok: [localhost]

TASK [debug] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************ok: [localhost] => {
    "msg": "Ansible is working!"
}

PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************************************************************localhost                  : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0

显然,当我运行剧本时,ansible 正在读取 /etc/ansible/hosts,找不到任何数据,并返回到 localhost,但是如果默认配置被注释掉,ansible 如何知道读取此文件?我错过了什么?

答案1

这些参数内置于应用程序中,除非您取消注释以进行更改。从配置文件的顶部开始:

# nearly all parameters can be overridden in ansible-playbook 
# or with command line flags. ansible will read ANSIBLE_CONFIG,
# ansible.cfg in the current working directory, .ansible.cfg in
# the home directory or /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg, whichever it
# finds first

我用它对我的系统进行了测试。

首先,文件没有任何变化.cfg

~$ ansible
Usage: ansible <host-pattern> [options]

Options:
  -a MODULE_ARGS, --args=MODULE_ARGS
                        module arguments
  --ask-become-pass     ask for privilege escalation password
  -k, --ask-pass        ask for connection password
  --ask-su-pass         ask for su password (deprecated, use become)
  -K, --ask-sudo-pass   ask for sudo password (deprecated, use become)
  --ask-vault-pass      ask for vault password
  -B SECONDS, --background=SECONDS
                        run asynchronously, failing after X seconds
                        (default=N/A)
  -b, --become          run operations with become (nopasswd implied)
  --become-method=BECOME_METHOD
                        privilege escalation method to use (default=sudo),
                        valid choices: [ sudo | su | pbrun | pfexec | runas |
                        doas ]
  --become-user=BECOME_USER
                        run operations as this user (default=root)
  -C, --check           don't make any changes; instead, try to predict some
                        of the changes that may occur
  -c CONNECTION, --connection=CONNECTION
                        connection type to use (default=smart)
  -D, --diff            when changing (small) files and templates, show the
                        differences in those files; works great with --check
  -e EXTRA_VARS, --extra-vars=EXTRA_VARS
                        set additional variables as key=value or YAML/JSON
  -f FORKS, --forks=FORKS
                        specify number of parallel processes to use
                        (default=5)
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -i INVENTORY, --inventory-file=INVENTORY
                        specify inventory host path
                        (default=/etc/ansible/hosts) or comma separated host
                        list
  -l SUBSET, --limit=SUBSET
                        further limit selected hosts to an additional pattern
  --list-hosts          outputs a list of matching hosts; does not execute
                        anything else
  -m MODULE_NAME, --module-name=MODULE_NAME
                        module name to execute (default=command)
  -M MODULE_PATH, --module-path=MODULE_PATH
                        specify path(s) to module library (default=None)
  --new-vault-password-file=NEW_VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
                        new vault password file for rekey
  -o, --one-line        condense output
  --output=OUTPUT_FILE  output file name for encrypt or decrypt; use - for
                        stdout
  -P POLL_INTERVAL, --poll=POLL_INTERVAL
                        set the poll interval if using -B (default=15)
  --private-key=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, --key-file=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE
                        use this file to authenticate the connection
  --scp-extra-args=SCP_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to scp only (e.g. -l)
  --sftp-extra-args=SFTP_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to sftp only (e.g. -f,
                        -l)
  --ssh-common-args=SSH_COMMON_ARGS
                        specify common arguments to pass to sftp/scp/ssh (e.g.
                        ProxyCommand)
  --ssh-extra-args=SSH_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to ssh only (e.g. -R)
  -S, --su              run operations with su (deprecated, use become)
  -R SU_USER, --su-user=SU_USER
                        run operations with su as this user (default=root)
                        (deprecated, use become)
  -s, --sudo            run operations with sudo (nopasswd) (deprecated, use
                        become)
  -U SUDO_USER, --sudo-user=SUDO_USER
                        desired sudo user (default=root) (deprecated, use
                        become)
  --syntax-check        perform a syntax check on the playbook, but do not
                        execute it
  -T TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
                        override the connection timeout in seconds
                        (default=10)
  -t TREE, --tree=TREE  log output to this directory
  -u REMOTE_USER, --user=REMOTE_USER
                        connect as this user (default=None)
  --vault-password-file=VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
                        vault password file
  -v, --verbose         verbose mode (-vvv for more, -vvvv to enable
                        connection debugging)
  --version             show program's version number and exit
ERROR! Missing target hosts

现在,取消注释该行#log_path = /var/log/ansible.log

~$ ansible
[WARNING]: log file at /var/log/ansible.log is not writeable, aborting

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ansible", line 40, in <module>
    from ansible.utils.display import Display
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/utils/display.py", line 57, in <module>
    logging.basicConfig(filename=path, level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(message)s')
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 1547, in basicConfig
    hdlr = FileHandler(filename, mode)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 913, in __init__
    StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open())
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 943, in _open
    stream = open(self.baseFilename, self.mode)
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/log/ansible.log'

所以,正如我所看到的,所有设置都是内置的,直到您对文件进行更改以覆盖它。

希望这可以帮助!

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