背景和上下文：我是一名网络工程师，我的职业生涯并没有走过传统的“系统”或“IT”道路，但现在我正在学习网络自动化和编排配置管理和支持。在我继续使用 ansible 来自动化我的新路由器/交换机部署的基本配置之前，我想充分了解我的控制站上发生了什么，就 ansible 代码与系统配置等的交互而言。考虑到所有这些.....
$ cat /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg | egrep -v "(^#.*|^$)"
[defaults]
[inventory]
[privilege_escalation]
[paramiko_connection]
[ssh_connection]
[persistent_connection]
[accelerate]
[selinux]
[colors]
[diff]
$ cat /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg | more
[defaults]
# some basic default values...
#inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts--------------->commented out?
#library = /usr/share/my_modules/
#module_utils = /usr/share/my_module_utils/
#remote_tmp = ~/.ansible/tmp
#local_tmp = ~/.ansible/tmp
#forks = 5
#poll_interval = 15
#sudo_user = root
#ask_sudo_pass = True
#ask_pass = True
#transport = smart
#remote_port = 22
#module_lang = C
#module_set_locale = False
$ ansible-playbook test.yaml --connection=localhost
[WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: all
[WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available
PLAY [localhost] **************************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ********************************************************************************************************************************************ok: [localhost]
TASK [debug] ******************************************************************************************************************************************************ok: [localhost] => {
"msg": "Ansible is working!"
}
PLAY RECAP ********************************************************************************************************************************************************localhost : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
显然，当我运行剧本时，ansible 正在读取 /etc/ansible/hosts，找不到任何数据，并返回到 localhost，但是如果默认配置被注释掉，ansible 如何知道读取此文件？我错过了什么？
答案1
这些参数内置于应用程序中，除非您取消注释以进行更改。从配置文件的顶部开始：
# nearly all parameters can be overridden in ansible-playbook
# or with command line flags. ansible will read ANSIBLE_CONFIG,
# ansible.cfg in the current working directory, .ansible.cfg in
# the home directory or /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg, whichever it
# finds first
我用它对我的系统进行了测试。
首先，文件没有任何变化.cfg：
~$ ansible
Usage: ansible <host-pattern> [options]
Options:
-a MODULE_ARGS, --args=MODULE_ARGS
module arguments
--ask-become-pass ask for privilege escalation password
-k, --ask-pass ask for connection password
--ask-su-pass ask for su password (deprecated, use become)
-K, --ask-sudo-pass ask for sudo password (deprecated, use become)
--ask-vault-pass ask for vault password
-B SECONDS, --background=SECONDS
run asynchronously, failing after X seconds
(default=N/A)
-b, --become run operations with become (nopasswd implied)
--become-method=BECOME_METHOD
privilege escalation method to use (default=sudo),
valid choices: [ sudo | su | pbrun | pfexec | runas |
doas ]
--become-user=BECOME_USER
run operations as this user (default=root)
-C, --check don't make any changes; instead, try to predict some
of the changes that may occur
-c CONNECTION, --connection=CONNECTION
connection type to use (default=smart)
-D, --diff when changing (small) files and templates, show the
differences in those files; works great with --check
-e EXTRA_VARS, --extra-vars=EXTRA_VARS
set additional variables as key=value or YAML/JSON
-f FORKS, --forks=FORKS
specify number of parallel processes to use
(default=5)
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-i INVENTORY, --inventory-file=INVENTORY
specify inventory host path
(default=/etc/ansible/hosts) or comma separated host
list
-l SUBSET, --limit=SUBSET
further limit selected hosts to an additional pattern
--list-hosts outputs a list of matching hosts; does not execute
anything else
-m MODULE_NAME, --module-name=MODULE_NAME
module name to execute (default=command)
-M MODULE_PATH, --module-path=MODULE_PATH
specify path(s) to module library (default=None)
--new-vault-password-file=NEW_VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
new vault password file for rekey
-o, --one-line condense output
--output=OUTPUT_FILE output file name for encrypt or decrypt; use - for
stdout
-P POLL_INTERVAL, --poll=POLL_INTERVAL
set the poll interval if using -B (default=15)
--private-key=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, --key-file=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE
use this file to authenticate the connection
--scp-extra-args=SCP_EXTRA_ARGS
specify extra arguments to pass to scp only (e.g. -l)
--sftp-extra-args=SFTP_EXTRA_ARGS
specify extra arguments to pass to sftp only (e.g. -f,
-l)
--ssh-common-args=SSH_COMMON_ARGS
specify common arguments to pass to sftp/scp/ssh (e.g.
ProxyCommand)
--ssh-extra-args=SSH_EXTRA_ARGS
specify extra arguments to pass to ssh only (e.g. -R)
-S, --su run operations with su (deprecated, use become)
-R SU_USER, --su-user=SU_USER
run operations with su as this user (default=root)
(deprecated, use become)
-s, --sudo run operations with sudo (nopasswd) (deprecated, use
become)
-U SUDO_USER, --sudo-user=SUDO_USER
desired sudo user (default=root) (deprecated, use
become)
--syntax-check perform a syntax check on the playbook, but do not
execute it
-T TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
override the connection timeout in seconds
(default=10)
-t TREE, --tree=TREE log output to this directory
-u REMOTE_USER, --user=REMOTE_USER
connect as this user (default=None)
--vault-password-file=VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
vault password file
-v, --verbose verbose mode (-vvv for more, -vvvv to enable
connection debugging)
--version show program's version number and exit
ERROR! Missing target hosts
现在，取消注释该行#log_path = /var/log/ansible.log：
~$ ansible
[WARNING]: log file at /var/log/ansible.log is not writeable, aborting
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/ansible", line 40, in <module>
from ansible.utils.display import Display
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible/utils/display.py", line 57, in <module>
logging.basicConfig(filename=path, level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(name)s %(message)s')
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 1547, in basicConfig
hdlr = FileHandler(filename, mode)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 913, in __init__
StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open())
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/logging/__init__.py", line 943, in _open
stream = open(self.baseFilename, self.mode)
IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/log/ansible.log'
所以，正如我所看到的，所有设置都是内置的，直到您对文件进行更改以覆盖它。
希望这可以帮助！