激活程序的命令（运行或如果已运行则置于最前面）

Question 1

一点点打击和工具应该可以解决问题。文章末尾有安装 xdotool 的说明。

ActivateOrLaunch.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# usage:
#    ActivateOrLaunch.sh firefox-bin
#
# Will launch firefox-bin or activate the first window in the windows stack
# --- Remember to chmod a+x ActivateOrLaunch.sh in order to execute.

# pgrep looks through the currently running processes and lists the process
#       IDs which matches the selection criteria to stdout
#       for more information on pgrep http://linux.die.net/man/1/pgrep

# if process is found by pgrep then pipe through head to get firt instance in
#    case of multiple processes running. If process not found $pid will be empty
pid=$(pgrep ${1} | head -n 1)

# Using "-z" check if $pid is empty, if so execute the process
if [ -z "$pid" ]; then
   echo "$1 not running... executing..."
   $1 &
else
   # process was found, find the first visible window and activate it
   echo "Found process $1 with PID $pid"

   # using xdotool [http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool/] get the first
   # visible windows using $pid. Redirect stderr to /dev/null and only select
   # the first visible windows using head
   wid=$(xdotool search --onlyvisible --pid $pid 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)

   # if $wid is empty the process does not have any visible windows... do nothing
   if [ -z "$wid" ]; then
     echo "Didn't find any visible windows for process $1 with PID: $pid"
   else
     # send the window id ($wid) from the window stack to xdotool
     echo "Activating first windows in stack"
     xdotool windowactivate $wid
   fi
fi

# ******** NOTES **********
# In order for this script to work correctly you need to pass the complete process 
# name for it to find any visible windows. The process needs needs to be in the path
# for it to execute if not running.
#
# For example
#
# If you try it with firefox-bin on Ubuntu 10.10 it will find the running process and 
# activate the window, but it will not be able to launch the process since the executable 
# in the path is called firefox which is a link to firefox.sh
# (/usr/bin/firefox -> ../lib/firefox-3.6.12/firefox.sh) which in turn executes firefox-bin
# (not in path).
#
# Next, if you use firefox it will find a process but won't be able to find any windows 
# since it's a wrapper function calling firefox-bin and doesn't have any windows.

您可以在以下位置找到代码github

我在 Ubuntu 10.10 (Gnome) 上测试了代码，它运行正常。它需要一些润色，因为我刚刚输入它，并不担心它是否漂亮（想确保得到注释）

要安装 xdotool，您可以apt-get 安装 xdotool（从我这里获取版本 2.20100701.2691），如果你想要最新最好的版本，请从这里（截至 20101116 其版本为 2.20101012.3049-4）

Answer

一点点打击和工具应该可以解决问题。文章末尾有安装 xdotool 的说明。

ActivateOrLaunch.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# usage:
#    ActivateOrLaunch.sh firefox-bin
#
# Will launch firefox-bin or activate the first window in the windows stack
# --- Remember to chmod a+x ActivateOrLaunch.sh in order to execute.

# pgrep looks through the currently running processes and lists the process
#       IDs which matches the selection criteria to stdout
#       for more information on pgrep http://linux.die.net/man/1/pgrep

# if process is found by pgrep then pipe through head to get firt instance in
#    case of multiple processes running. If process not found $pid will be empty
pid=$(pgrep ${1} | head -n 1)

# Using "-z" check if $pid is empty, if so execute the process
if [ -z "$pid" ]; then
   echo "$1 not running... executing..."
   $1 &
else
   # process was found, find the first visible window and activate it
   echo "Found process $1 with PID $pid"

   # using xdotool [http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool/] get the first
   # visible windows using $pid. Redirect stderr to /dev/null and only select
   # the first visible windows using head
   wid=$(xdotool search --onlyvisible --pid $pid 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)

   # if $wid is empty the process does not have any visible windows... do nothing
   if [ -z "$wid" ]; then
     echo "Didn't find any visible windows for process $1 with PID: $pid"
   else
     # send the window id ($wid) from the window stack to xdotool
     echo "Activating first windows in stack"
     xdotool windowactivate $wid
   fi
fi

# ******** NOTES **********
# In order for this script to work correctly you need to pass the complete process 
# name for it to find any visible windows. The process needs needs to be in the path
# for it to execute if not running.
#
# For example
#
# If you try it with firefox-bin on Ubuntu 10.10 it will find the running process and 
# activate the window, but it will not be able to launch the process since the executable 
# in the path is called firefox which is a link to firefox.sh
# (/usr/bin/firefox -> ../lib/firefox-3.6.12/firefox.sh) which in turn executes firefox-bin
# (not in path).
#
# Next, if you use firefox it will find a process but won't be able to find any windows 
# since it's a wrapper function calling firefox-bin and doesn't have any windows.

您可以在以下位置找到代码github

我在 Ubuntu 10.10 (Gnome) 上测试了代码，它运行正常。它需要一些润色，因为我刚刚输入它，并不担心它是否漂亮（想确保得到注释）

要安装 xdotool，您可以apt-get 安装 xdotool（从我这里获取版本 2.20100701.2691），如果你想要最新最好的版本，请从这里（截至 20101116 其版本为 2.20101012.3049-4）

Question 2

在主目录中创建一个名为 sql-raise.sh 的文件

/bin/sh #!/bin/sh 复制代码
如果 ps -ef | grep 进程名称 | grep -v grep ; 那么
    #该进程正在运行，将其置于最前面
    xdotool search --name 进程名称 windowraise
    出口 0
菲

#该进程未运行，启动它
进程名称

该行的开头if ps -ef...翻译为：

列出所有正在运行的进程
过滤掉不包含process-name
过滤掉grep命令本身，以防止误报

起始行xdotool是将流程带到最前面的行。

在命令行上执行chmod +x ~/sql-raise.sh以使文件可执行。

要将其绑定到某个键，请使用系统 -> 偏好设置 -> 键盘快捷键

Answer