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`id` 仅打印非 root 用户的数字

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`id` 仅打印非 root 用户的数字

当我使用该id命令时，它不会解析为用户名和组名（因为admin它有效）：

用户backup和admin：

backup：

# id
uid=1005 gid=100 groups=100

admin：

# id
uid=0(admin) gid=0(administrators) groups=0(administrators),100(everyone)

/etc/passwd：

# cat /etc/passwd 
admin:x:0:0:administrator:/share/homes/admin:/bin/sh
guest:x:65534:65534:guest:/share/homes/guest:/bin/sh
httpdusr:x:99:0:Apache httpd user:/share/homes/httpdusr:/bin/sh
backup:x:1005:100:Linux User,,,:/share/homes/backup:/bin/sh
sshd:x:501:501:Linux User,,,:/tmp:/bin/false

etc/passwd权限看起来像这样：

# ls -l passwd 
lrwxrwxrwx    1 admin    administ        13 Mar 12 23:27 passwd -> config/passwd

# ls -l config/passwd
-rw-r--r--    1 admin    administ       519 Mar  6 09:55 config/passwd

# ls -l config
lrwxrwxrwx    1 admin    administ        21 Apr  3 21:47 config -> /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/

# ls -ld /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.conf*
-rw-r--r--    1 admin    administ       274 Apr  3 21:47 /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.conf
drw-r--r--   31 admin    administ      4096 Apr 11 10:50 /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/

# ls -l /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd
-rw-r--r--    1 admin    administ       519 Mar  6 09:55 /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd

ls也无法解析名称和组：

backup：

# ls -l
lrwxrwxrwx    1 0        0               28 Feb 26 14:20 @Recycle -> /share/homes/@Recycle/backup
drwxr-xr-x    2 1005     100           4096 Apr 10 21:40 test

admin：

# ls -l
lrwxrwxrwx    1 admin    administ        28 Feb 26 14:20 @Recycle -> /share/homes/@Recycle/backup/
drwxr-xr-x    2 backup   everyone      4096 Apr 10 21:40 test/

nsswitch.conf 看起来像这样：

# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf 

passwd:     compat winbind
shadow:     compat
group:      compat winbind

hosts:      files dns wins 

bootparams: files

ethers:     files
netmasks:   files
networks:   files
protocols:  files 
rpc:        files
services:   files

netgroup:   files

publickey:  files

automount:  files
aliases:    files

原因可能是什么？

系统是QNAP，固件4.2.4，我相信这是基于busybox 1.x的。

编辑：看来我无法读取passwd文件：

# su backup
# cat /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd
cat: can't open '/mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd': Permission denied

不过权限好像没问题..

# su admin
# ls -l /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd
-rw-r--r--    1 admin    administ       519 Mar  6 09:55 /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/passwd

答案1

您对该/mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config目录的权限错误。以下是通往 的目录的正确权限集/etc/passwd，取自我们此处的 QNAP：

drwxr-xr-x   18 admin    administ      1024 Mar 17 16:28 /
drwxr-xr-x   24 admin    administ      2048 Mar 18 03:00 /etc/
lrwxrwxrwx    1 admin    administ        21 Mar 17 16:25 /etc/config -> /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/
-rw-r--r--    1 admin    administ       227 Feb 21  2016 /etc/config/passwd

drwxr-xr-x   30 admin    administ      4096 Apr 11 04:00 /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config/

与您的相比，您/mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config缺少读取和执行权限。用这个命令修复

chmod a=rx,u+w /mnt/HDA_ROOT/.config    # or chmod 755 ...

下次重新启动后，如果权限恢复到损坏的设置，并向 QNAP 技术支持提出请求，则值得关注这一点。

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