这是针对可能导致操作系统崩溃的贪婪应用程序的内存限制解决方案?:ulimit 和 cgroups 不是用户友好的,此外,它们不能与为每个新选项卡(组)生成单独进程的应用程序一起使用,例如 Chrome/Chromium。
实际上,Windows 7 使用的简单有效的解决方案是警告用户操作系统内存不足。这个简单的警告弹出窗口让我在 Windows 中避免了因内存不足而导致的系统冻结,而我在实时测试的 Ubuntu 发行版中不断遇到这种情况(其中 RAM 安装的磁盘本身就占用了 2GB)。
那么,有没有办法自动警告用户可用 RAM 即将耗尽,而无需用户时刻关注某些内存监控工具呢?当然有。康基可以配置成那样吗?
答案1
检查这些脚本: 系统内存不足时需要应用程序/脚本警报
#!/bin/bash
#Minimum available memory limit, MB
THRESHOLD=400
#Check time interval, sec
INTERVAL=30
while :
do
free=$(free -m|awk '/^Mem:/{print $4}')
buffers=$(free -m|awk '/^Mem:/{print $6}')
cached=$(free -m|awk '/^Mem:/{print $7}')
available=$(free -m | awk '/^-\/+/{print $4}')
message="Free $free""MB"", buffers $buffers""MB"", cached $cached""MB"", available $available""MB"""
if [ $available -lt $THRESHOLD ]
then
notify-send "Memory is running out!" "$message"
fi
echo $message
sleep $INTERVAL
done
PHP的:
#!/usr/bin/php
<?php
$alert_percent=($argc>1)?(int)$argv[1]:90;
//$interval=($argc>2):(int)$argv[2]:25;
//while(true)
//{
exec("free",$free);
$free=implode(' ',$free);
preg_match_all("/(?<=\s)\d+/",$free,$match);
list($total_mem,$used_mem,$free_mem,$shared_mem,$buffered_mem,$cached_mem)=$match[0];
$used_mem-=($buffered_mem+$cached_mem);
$percent_used=(int)(($used_mem*100)/$total_mem);
if($percent_used>$alert_percent)
exec("notify-send 'Low Memory: $percent_used% used'");
//sleep($interval);
//}
exit();
?>
答案2
我为此目的编写的另一个脚本:
#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2019, Mikko Rantalainen
# License: MIT X License
# Minimum available memory until warning, default to 10% of total RAM (MiB)
THRESHOLD=$(grep "MemTotal:" /proc/meminfo | awk '{ printf "%d", 0.1*$2/1024}')
INTERVAL=60s
echo "Emitting a warning if less than $THRESHOLD MiB of RAM is available..."
while true; do
meminfo=$(cat /proc/meminfo)
free=$(echo "$meminfo" | grep "MemFree:" | awk '{ printf "%d", $2/1024}')
available=$(echo "$meminfo" | grep "MemAvailable:" | awk '{ printf "%d", $2/1024}')
inactive=$(echo "$meminfo" | grep "Inactive:" | awk '{ printf "%d", $2/1024}')
reclaimable=$(echo "$meminfo" | grep "SReclaimable:" | awk '{ printf "%d", $2/1024}')
usable=$(echo "$free + $inactive / 2 + $reclaimable / 2" | bc)
if test -z "$available"; then
message="Current kernel does not support MemAvailable in /proc/meminfo, aborting"
notify-send "Error while monitoring low memory" "$message"
echo "$message" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
message="Available: $available MiB
Free: $free MiB
Maybe usable: $usable MiB"
if [ "$available" -lt "$THRESHOLD" ]
then
notify-send -u critical "Low memory warning" "$message"
echo "Low memory warning:"
echo "$message"
fi
#echo "DEBUG: $message"
sleep $INTERVAL
done
答案3
这个 cron 任务每 1 分钟运行一次
* * * * * if [ $(free -wm | awk ' /^Mem:/ { print $8 } ') -le 400 ]; then XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/$(id -u) notify-send 'Short on memory!'; fi
要添加它,请运行crontab -e
并将其粘贴到底部。您必须安装 cron
答案4
使用 RAM 的变体可用的,百分比并在由 cron 调用时显示桌面通知(即循环脚本不必在重启后启动):
#!/usr/bin/env bash
# dbus env var required when called via cron:
eval "export $(egrep -z DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS /proc/$(pgrep -u $LOGNAME gnome-session)/environ | tr '\0' '\n')";
AVAIL_THRESHOLD=5
free_output=$(free)
mem_total=$(awk '/^Mem:/{print $2}' <<< $free_output)
mem_avail=$(awk '/^Mem:/{print $7}' <<< $free_output)
mem_avail_m=$(bc <<< "scale=1; $mem_avail/1024")
percent_avail=$(bc <<< "scale=1; $mem_avail*100 /$mem_total")
should_warn=$(bc <<< "$percent_avail < $AVAIL_THRESHOLD")
if (( $should_warn )); then
notify-send "Memory warning - only $percent_avail% ($mem_avail_m MB) available"
else
echo "Memory OK - $percent_avail% ($mem_avail_m MB) available"
fi