大家好！
因此，这是我在 Ubuntu 论坛上的第一个主题，作为一名完美的 Linux 初学者和一名非英语母语的学生，我会尽我所能做到尽可能清晰。
所以我的问题如下：我最近想安装旧版本的 VLC Media Player，因为最新版本有太多错误，而我下载的软件包是 tar.gz。所以我在网上某处发现，为了安装这些软件包，您需要将其解压到一个地方（在我的情况下/home/cermanialop/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1），然后安装gcc以编译软件。完成此操作后，我在终端中输入了解压文件的路径（使用命令cd /home/louis/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1），然后打开软件包中包含的 INSTALL 文件以了解该怎么做。
以下是该文件的内容：
******INSTALL file for the VLC media player
More extensive information for *nix, Windows, Mac OS X and BeOS users can be
found here: http://developers.videolan.org/vlc/
Bootstrapping VLC
=================
If you retrieved VLC from the git server and do not have a "configure"
script, please refer to the HACKING file.
Configuring VLC
===============
A typical way to configure VLC is:
./configure --prefix=/usr
See `./configure --help' for more information.
If you intend to debug stuff, you may want to compile with debugging
symbols:
make distclean ; ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-debug
We recommend using GCC to build VLC, though some people reported success
with the Intel C compiler (version 8) as well. GCC version 3.3 or higher is
required. On older systems (e.g. FreeBSD 4.x, BeOS), please select a more
recent version manually by setting the CC and CXX environment variables
appropriately while running the ./configure shell script.
Building VLC
============
Once configured, run `make' to build VLC.
Installing and running VLC
==========================
You can install the VLC and its plugins by typing:
make install
But you don't need to install it if you don't want to; VLC can be launched
from the current directory as well:
./vlc
Building packages
=================
To build a Debian package, you need to get the packaging info
svn co svn://svn.debian.org/pkg-multimedia/videolan/vlc/debian debian
and then
dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -us -uc
To build RPM packages, copy a spec file from extra/package/rpm and:
rpm -ba vlc.spec
To build an ipkg package (iPAQ familiar Linux), use:
ipkg-buildpackage******
我一直遵循所有这些设置（首先输入./configure检查目录中的依赖项，运行该命令后，它会返回以下内容：
cermanialop@cermanialop-R051CX:~$ cd /home/louis/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1
cermanialop@cermanialop-R051CX:~/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1$ ./configure
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... no
checking for mawk... mawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking how to create a ustar tar archive... gnutar
checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of executables...
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... -std=gnu99
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -std=gnu99 -E
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking minix/config.h usability... no
checking minix/config.h presence... no
checking for minix/config.h... no
checking whether it is safe to define __EXTENSIONS__... yes
checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 and cc understand -c and -o together... yes
checking for g++... g++
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes
checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes
checking dependency style of g++... gcc3
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -std=gnu99 -E
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether we are using the GNU Objective C compiler... no
checking whether gcc accepts -g... no
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking dependency style of gcc... (cached) gcc3
checking for egrep... (cached) /bin/grep -E
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... (cached) yes
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking dependency style of gcc -std=gnu99... gcc3
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking for strip... strip
checking for ar... ar
checking for ld... ld
checking for dlltool... no
checking for an ANSI C-conforming const... yes
checking for inline... inline
checking for C/C++ restrict keyword... __restrict
checking for libs in /home/louis/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1/./extras/contrib... no
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed
checking for fgrep... /bin/grep -F
checking for ld used by gcc -std=gnu99... ld
checking if the linker (ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864
checking whether the shell understands some XSI constructs... yes
checking whether the shell understands "+="... yes
checking for ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for objdump... objdump
checking how to recognize dependent libraries... (cached) pass_all
checking for ar... (cached) ar
checking for strip... (cached) strip
checking for ranlib... (cached) ranlib
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc -std=gnu99 object... ok
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... (cached) yes
checking whether g++ accepts -g... (cached) yes
checking dependency style of g++... (cached) gcc3
checking how to run the C++ preprocessor... g++ -E
checking for objdir... .libs
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no
checking for gcc -std=gnu99 option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 static flag -static works... yes
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the gcc -std=gnu99 linker (ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking for shl_load... no
checking for shl_load in -ldld... no
checking for dlopen... no
checking for dlopen in -ldl... yes
checking whether a program can dlopen itself... yes
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checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... no
checking for ld used by g++... ld
checking if the linker (ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking whether the g++ linker (ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking for g++ option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if g++ PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if g++ static flag -static works... yes
checking if g++ supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if g++ supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the g++ linker (ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether NLS is requested... yes
checking for msgfmt... no
checking for gmsgfmt... :
checking for xgettext... no
checking for msgmerge... no
checking for ld used by GCC... ld
checking if the linker (ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for shared library run path origin... done
checking for CFPreferencesCopyAppValue... no
checking for CFLocaleCopyCurrent... no
checking for GNU gettext in libc... yes
checking whether to use NLS... yes
checking where the gettext function comes from... libc
checking for iconv... yes
checking for working iconv... yes
checking for iconv declaration...
extern size_t iconv (iconv_t cd, char * *inbuf, size_t *inbytesleft, char * *outbuf, size_t *outbytesleft);
checking for buggy GNU/libc versions... not present
checking for shared objects suffix... .so
checking for gettimeofday... yes
checking for isatty... yes
checking for sigrelse... yes
checking for getpwuid_r... yes
checking for memalign... yes
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checking for ctime_r... yes
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checking for daemon... yes
checking for fork... yes
checking for lstat... yes
checking for posix_fadvise... yes
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checking for uselocale... yes
checking for working alloca.h... yes
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checking for strcasecmp... yes
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checking for stricmp... no
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checking for fdatasync... yes
checking for vmsplice... yes
checking for mmap... yes
checking for setlocale... yes
checking langinfo.h usability... yes
checking langinfo.h presence... yes
checking for langinfo.h... yes
checking for nl_langinfo... yes
checking for nl_langinfo and CODESET... yes
checking for connect... yes
checking for send... yes
checking for socklen_t in sys/socket.h... yes
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checking for library containing getaddrinfo... none required
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checking for inet_aton... yes
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checking return type of signal handlers... void
checking for cos in -lm... yes
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checking for sqrt in -lm... yes
checking for ceil in -lm... yes
checking for exp in -lm... yes
checking for round in -lm... yes
checking for sqrtf in -lmx... no
checking mach-o/dyld.h usability... no
checking mach-o/dyld.h presence... no
checking for mach-o/dyld.h... no
checking dl.h usability... no
checking dl.h presence... no
checking for dl.h... no
checking for shl_load... (cached) no
checking for dld_link in -ldld... no
checking image.h usability... no
checking image.h presence... no
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checking for load_add_on... no
checking for dlfcn.h... (cached) yes
checking sys/dl.h usability... no
checking sys/dl.h presence... no
checking for sys/dl.h... no
checking for dlopen... (cached) no
checking for dlopen in -ldl... (cached) yes
checking for main in -lpthread... yes
checking for clock_nanosleep in -lrt... yes
checking for nanosleep... yes
checking for strncasecmp in strings.h... yes
checking getopt.h usability... yes
checking getopt.h presence... yes
checking for getopt.h... yes
checking for strings.h... (cached) yes
checking locale.h usability... yes
checking locale.h presence... yes
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checking xlocale.h usability... yes
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checking fcntl.h usability... yes
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checking for fcntl.h... yes
checking for sys/types.h... (cached) yes
checking sys/time.h usability... yes
checking sys/time.h presence... yes
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checking sys/ioctl.h usability... yes
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checking for sys/stat.h... (cached) yes
checking sys/mount.h usability... yes
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checking arpa/inet.h usability... yes
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checking sys/eventfd.h usability... yes
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checking sys/shm.h usability... yes
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checking for library containing poll... none required
checking dirent.h usability... yes
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checking zlib.h usability... yes
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checking unzip.h usability... no
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configure: WARNING: libhal >= 0.5.0 was not found. Install libhal-dev ?
checking for MTP... no
configure: WARNING: MTP library not found
checking for DBUS... yes
checking for ntohl in sys/param.h... no
checking if gcc -std=gnu99 accepts -Wall... yes
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checking __attribute__ ((aligned ())) support... 64
checking for __attribute__((packed))... yes
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checking if gcc -std=gnu99 groks MMX intrinsics... yes
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checking if gcc -std=gnu99 groks 3D Now! inline assembly... yes
checking whether gcc -std=gnu99 accepts -mtune=pentium2... yes
checking for LUA... no
configure: WARNING: lua5.1 not found, trying lua >= 5.1 instead
checking for LUA... no
checking lua.h usability... no
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configure: WARNING: lua >= 5.1 not found!
checking for LIBPROXY... no
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configure: WARNING: TagLib library not found
checking liveMedia_version.hh usability... no
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configure: WARNING: The development files for liveMedia (live555) can't be found
checking dvdread/dvd_reader.h usability... no
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checking libsmbclient.h usability... no
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configure: WARNING: cannot find libdvbpsi headers
checking for dvbpsi_GenSDTSections in -ldvbpsi... no
checking linux/videodev2.h usability... yes
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checking for LIBV4L2... no
configure: WARNING: LibV4L2 support disabled because libv4l2 development headers were not found
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configure: WARNING: CD Reading and information library not found
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configure: WARNING: VCD information library not found
checking for cdrom_msf0 in linux/cdrom.h... yes
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checking for LIBCDDB... no
configure: WARNING: new enough libcddb not found. CDDB access disabled
configure: WARNING: the dvb access module requires libdvbpsi
checking for inet_pton... yes
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configure: WARNING: only static linking is available, you must provide a gme-tree
checking mad.h usability... no
checking mad.h presence... no
checking for mad.h... no
configure: error: Could not find libmad on your system: you may get it from http://www.underbit.com/products/mad/. Alternatively you can use --disable-mad to disable the mad plugin.
正如你所看到的，它返回说我缺少了一些东西，但是由于我是 Linux 的新手，我不知道什么以及如何获得它，因此我继续按照说明输入 next:make，这给了我以下错误消息：
cermanialop@cermanialop-R051CX:~/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1$ make
make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop.
cermanialop@cermanialop-R051CX:~/Téléchargements/vlc-1.0.1$
我查看了我的安装文件夹，发现我没有没有扩展名的 makefile 文件，因为我在网上其他地方读到过，在安装文件夹的根目录中应该总是有一个没有扩展名的 makefile 文件，而在我的例子中，我的根目录中只有一个 makefile.am 和 makefile.in 文件。
所以我的问题是，如何创建此文件以使 MAKE 命令正常工作？还是我遗漏了安装过程中的一些明显内容？
非常感谢您的帮助 ：）
答案1
我建议您仔细阅读配置日志中的以下一行。
configure: error: Could not find libmad on your system: you may get it from http://www.underbit.com/products/mad/. Alternatively you can use --disable-mad to disable the mad plugin.
顺便说一句，我建议您输入以下命令并再次尝试配置。
$ sudo apt-get install libmadlib-dev
并且在构建之前您需要输入以下命令。
$ sudo apt-get build-dep vlc