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显示进程的 IO 统计信息

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显示进程的 IO 统计信息

有没有办法在 Ubuntu 中根据进程查看 IO 统计数据。我有一台 ubuntu 服务器 10.10，它会不时地在硬盘上磨 30 秒，我想找出是什么原因造成的。提前致谢。我运行的只有 mysql，但即使 mysql 没有任何负载（没有连接，只是空闲），这种情况也会发生。

答案1

我用iotop（命令行工具）。

sudo apt-get install iotop

答案2

iotop 大部分时间都在做这项工作。不过，我发现以下 Python 脚本更有用：

（它仅显示当前活动的进程）

#!/usr/bin/python
from glob import *
from time import *
from os.path import *
import sys, os
memory = {}
sleep_time = 5;
unit = 1024.0;
unit_name = "KiB"

for argument in sys.argv:
    if argument.find( "=" ) >= 0:
        field, value = argument.split( "=" );
        if field == "s":
            sleep_time = int( value );
    if argument == "KB": #fake Kilobyte
        unit = 1000.0;
        unit_name = "KB"
    if argument == "KiB": #real Kilobyte
        unit = float(2**10)
        unit_name = "KiB"
    if argument == "MB": #fake Megabyte
        unit = 1e6;
        unit_name = "MB"
    if argument == "MiB": #real Megabyte
        unit = float(2**20)
        unit_name = "MiB"
    if argument == "GB": #fake Gigabyte
        unit = 1e9;
        unit_name = "GB"
    if argument == "GiB": #real Gigabyte
        unit = float(2**30)
        unit_name = "GiB"

while True:
    os.system( "clear" );
    table = [];
    for item in memory.items():
        item[1]["to_delete"] = 1;

    process_list = glob( "/proc/*/status" );
    for process in process_list:
        name = ""
        pid  = ""
        rb   = 0
        wb   = 0
        try:
            f = open( process, "r" );
            for line in f:
                field, value = line.split( ":" );
                if field == "Name":
                    name = value.strip();
                if field == "Pid":
                    pid = value.strip();
                    break;  
            f.close();  
            io_file = dirname( process ) + "/io"
            f = open( io_file, "r" )
            for line in f:
                field, value = line.split( ":" );
                if field == "read_bytes":
                    rb = int(value);
                if field == "write_bytes":
                    wb = int(value);
                    break;  
            f.close();              
        except:
            pass
        item = memory.get( pid, { "PID":pid, "NAME":name, "READ":rb, "WRITE":wb } );
        item["to_delete"] = 0;  
        if ( rb - item["READ"] > 0 or wb - item["WRITE"] > 0 ):
            table += [[ pid, name, rb - item["READ"], wb - item["WRITE"] ]]
        item["READ"] = rb;
        item["WRITE"] = wb;
        memory[pid] = item;
    for item in memory.items():
        if item[1]["to_delete"]:
            memory.pop( item[0] )

    print "PID".rjust(7) + "  " + "PROCESS".ljust(30)+"READ".rjust(20) + "WRITE".rjust(20)
    for row in table:
        print row[0].rjust(7) + "  " + str(row[1]).ljust(30) + ("%5.2f"%(row[2]/(sleep_time*unit)) + unit_name+"/s").rjust(20) \
                                                      + ("%5.2f"%( row[3]/(sleep_time*unit) ) + unit_name+"/s").rjust(20) 
    print "\n* ", unit_name, "=", int(unit), "Bytes"

    sleep( sleep_time );

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