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软件更新和升级有什么区别？

tag-icon • tag-icon apt package-management yum software-updates
软件更新和升级有什么区别？

有人说“更新”是小改动，“升级”是大改动。我对软件更新和升级感到非常困惑。以及何时应该使用更新与何时应该使用升级。

有人可以解释包管理器中这些术语之间的区别吗？

答案1

乌班图 / 德班等使用apt-get：

update那么你应该先跑upgrade。它们都不会自动运行另一个。

  • apt-get update更新可用软件包及其版本的列表，但不会安装或升级任何软件包。
  • apt-get upgrade实际上会安装您拥有的软件包的较新版本。更新列表后，程序包管理器会了解您已安装的软件的可用更新。这就是为什么你首先要这样做update。

-来源。

然而与红帽/CentOS使用嗯该update命令将询问您是否要应用它找到的更新。

$ sudo yum 更新

获取所有可用更新的列表，并询问您是否要应用它们。像这样：

 [..] 
 kf5-sonnet-core                            x86_64                   5.33.0-1.el7                                    epel                   150 k
 kf5-sonnet-ui                              x86_64                   5.33.0-1.el7                                    epel                   141 k

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================
Upgrade  52 Packages

Total size: 15 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]:

当你的朋友提到更新作为“小变化”和升级作为“大变化”，他实际上指的是之间的区别升级和远程升级。

来自 apt-get 手册：

   upgrade
       upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages
       currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in
       /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new
       versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no
       circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages
       not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
       currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without
       changing the install status of another package will be left at
       their current version. An update must be performed first so that
       apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.

   dist-upgrade
       dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade,
       also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions
       of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and
       it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the
       expense of less important ones if necessary. The dist-upgrade
       command may therefore remove some packages. The
       /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which
       to retrieve desired package files. See also apt_preferences(5) for
       a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual
       packages.

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