我正在 Raspberry Pi 上为 Raspbian（内核版本 4.9.24）开发网络驱动程序，每次加载模块时都会崩溃。
使用日志/var/log/messages我已经能够判断哪个方法失败了，但我仍然无法知道它失败的原因。
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.384164] CPU: 0 PID: 1163 Comm: insmod Tainted: P O 4.9.24+ #993
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.388503] Hardware name: BCM2835
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.390701] task: d888ed00 task.stack: da696000
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.392901] PC is at register_netdevice+0x20/0x4cc
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.395064] LR is at register_netdev+0x24/0x34
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.397106] pc : [<c04eea38>] lr : [<c04eef08>] psr: 60000013
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.397106] sp : da697d48 ip : da697d90 fp : da697d8c
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.401178] r10: 00000000 r9 : 00000001 r8 : da69bac0
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.403177] r7 : bf38b4c0 r6 : da6b22c0 r5 : 00000000 r4 : 00000000
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.405203] r3 : c090bd50 r2 : 00000000 r1 : c08b262c r0 : 00000000
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.407187] Flags: nZCv IRQs on FIQs on Mode SVC_32 ISA ARM Segment user
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.409194] Control: 00c5387d Table: 188a8008 DAC: 00000055
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.527223] [<c04eea38>] (register_netdevice) from [<c04eef08>] (register_netdev+0x24/0x34)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.532724] [<c04eef08>] (register_netdev) from [<bf38b15c>] (init_module+0x64/0xa4 [lum])
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.538298] [<bf38b15c>] (init_module [lum]) from [<c0009a1c>] (do_one_initcall+0x4c/0x188)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.543850] [<c0009a1c>] (do_one_initcall) from [<c00e3ffc>] (do_init_module+0x6c/0x1dc)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.549346] [<c00e3ffc>] (do_init_module) from [<c00837d0>] (load_module+0x1a64/0x1fb8)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.554907] [<c00837d0>] (load_module) from [<c0083efc>] (SyS_finit_module+0x9c/0xac)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.560463] [<c0083efc>] (SyS_finit_module) from [<c000fe40>] (ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x1c)
May 7 17:15:29 raspberrypi kernel: [ 228.568861] ---[ end trace 279ccc9024b7e026 ]---
所以register_netdevice方法失败了，但我不知道如何知道在哪里。另外，当我调用insmodStack 时，终端中会打印：
$ sudo insmod lum.ko
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.375707] Internal error: Oops: 5 [#1] ARM
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.411149] Process insmod (pid: 1163, stack limit = 0xda696188)
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.413044] Stack: (0xda697d48 to 0xda698000)
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.414943] 7d40: bf38b4c0 da69bac0 00000001 c05d16bc da697d7c da697d68
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.418939] 7d60: c05d16bc c05d023c 00000000 bf38b0f8 da6b22c0 bf38b4c0 da69bac0 00000001
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.423013] 7d80: da697da4 da697d90 c04eef08 c04eea24 bf38b6a0 bf38b4c0 da697dbc da697da8
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.427108] 7da0: bf38b15c c04eeef0 00000001 00000001 da697e3c da697dc0 c0009a1c bf38b104
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.431275] 7dc0: da69bac8 024000c0 c00e3fc0 dac01e60 0000000c 2596455c da697dfc da697de8
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.435731] 7de0: c05d0220 c05cfa70 da696000 024000c0 da697e0c da697e00 c05d0278 c05d020c
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.440472] 7e00: da697e3c da697e10 c01334a0 c05d023c 00000001 bf38b4c0 da69bac8 da6b22c0
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.445382] 7e20: bf38b4c0 da69bac0 00000001 2596455c da697e64 da697e40 c00e3ffc c00099dc
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.450472] 7e40: 00000001 bf38b4c0 da697e64 da697f3c da69bac8 00000001 da697f14 da697e68
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.455746] 7e60: c00837d0 c00e3f9c bf38b4cc 00007fff bf38b4c0 c0080f4c da697ea4 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.461149] 7e80: bf38b4cc bf38b4cc bf38b6a4 bf38b684 bf38b5b4 bf38b508 da697ee4 da697ea8
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.466589] 7ea0: c014b170 c014aaf4 dd4b2000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.472117] 7ec0: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.477650] 7ee0: 00000000 00000000 7fffffff 00000000 00000003 7f5d73b0 0000017b 7fffffff
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.483112] 7f00: 00000000 00000000 da697fa4 da697f18 c0083efc c0081d78 7fffffff 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.488641] 7f20: 00000003 c0106b70 da697f74 dd4b2000 0000158c 00000000 00000002 dd4b2000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.494167] 7f40: 0000158c dd4b31cc dd4b29ac dd4b2e70 000006a4 000008a4 00000000 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.499628] 7f60: 00000000 0000054c 00000016 00000017 0000000f 0000000d 0000000c 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.505155] 7f80: bee37758 a5d60900 7f5e9000 bee37758 c000ffc4 da696000 00000000 da697fa8
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.510672] 7fa0: c000fe40 c0083e6c a5d60900 7f5e9000 00000003 7f5d73b0 00000000 00000002
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.516137] 7fc0: a5d60900 7f5e9000 bee37758 0000017b 7f5d73b0 00000002 7f5d320c 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.521670] 7fe0: bee37590 bee37580 7f5cc0ac b6e4cc40 60000010 00000003 00000000 00000000
Message from syslogd@raspberrypi at May 7 17:15:29 ... kernel:[ 228.565948] Code: e52de004 e8bd4000 e59f3460 e1a05000 (e59062e0)
我只是想知道如何正确调试它，因为我从未使用过内核模块，以正确理解正在发生的事情。
编辑：
IP我认为解析文件中的符号可能有用/var/log/messages，但我真的不知道该怎么做。
答案1
最简单的事情是在代码中添加一些对 printk 的调用并重新编译模块。有关更多调试选项，请参阅第 4 章，调试技巧在Linux 设备驱动程序，第三版。这本书已经有点旧了，但仍然有意义。