12.10 的速度莫名其妙地变慢了。通常，在过去的版本中，我可以登录，打开 Firefox，它会在几秒钟内弹出。12.10 在安装时也是如此，不过一旦我安装了旧的应用程序，它就会按照 Ubuntu 标准变得非常慢。登录后，硬盘会发出一阵噪音，然后操作系统才会做任何事情。
硬件：
enter description: Desktop Computer
product: XPS 8300 ()
vendor: Dell Inc.
serial: B6G2WR1
width: 64 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.6 dmi-2.6 vsyscall32
configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop uuid=44454C4C-3600-1047-8032-C2C04F575231
core
description: Motherboard
product: 0Y2MRG
vendor: Dell Inc.
physical id: 0
version: A00
serial: ..CN7360419G04VQ.
slot: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
*cpu
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600 CPU @ 3.40GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600 CPU @ 3.40GHz
serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
slot: CPU 1
size: 1600MHz
capacity: 1600MHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 100MHz
capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid cpufreq
configuration: cores=4 enabledcores=1 threads=2
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: internal write-through unified
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal write-through unified
*-cache:2 DISABLED
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3-Cache
size: 8MiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 20
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 8GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: NT2GC64B88B0NF-CG
vendor: Nanya
physical id: 0
serial: 7228183
slot: DIMM3
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: NT2GC64B88B0NF-CG
vendor: Nanya
physical id: 1
serial: 1E28183
slot: DIMM1
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:2
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: NT2GC64B88B0NF-CG
vendor: Nanya
physical id: 2
serial: 9E28183
slot: DIMM4
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-bank:3
description: SODIMM DDR3 Synchronous 1333 MHz (0.8 ns)
product: NT2GC64B88B0NF-CG
vendor: Nanya
physical id: 3
serial: 5527183
slot: DIMM2
size: 2GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 1333MHz (0.8ns)
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Dell Inc.
physical id: 0
version: A05
date: 09/21/2011
size: 64KiB
capacity: 4032KiB
capabilities: mca pci upgrade shadowing escd cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb zipboot biosbootspecification
*-pci
description: Host bridge
product: 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 09
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 09
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:40 ioport:e000(size=4096) memory:fe600000-fe6fffff ioport:d0000000(size=268435456)
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Juniper [Radeon HD 5700 Series]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=radeon latency=0
resources: irq:44 memory:d0000000-dfffffff memory:fe620000-fe63ffff ioport:e000(size=256) memory:fe600000-fe61ffff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: Juniper HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 5700 Series]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
physical id: 0.1
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.1
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:48 memory:fe640000-fe643fff
*-communication
description: Communication controller
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 16
bus info: pci@0000:00:16.0
version: 04
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=mei latency=0
resources: irq:45 memory:fe708000-fe70800f
*-usb:0
description: USB controller
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0
version: 05
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0
resources: irq:16 memory:fe707000-fe7073ff
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 05
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
resources: irq:46 memory:fe700000-fe703fff
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0
version: b5
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:41 memory:fe500000-fe5fffff
*-network
description: Network controller
product: BCM4313 802.11b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller
vendor: Broadcom Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
version: 01
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=bcma-pci-bridge latency=0
resources: irq:16 memory:fe500000-fe503fff
*-pci:2
description: PCI bridge
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.3
version: b5
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:42 memory:fe400000-fe4fffff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: NetLink BCM57788 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
vendor: Broadcom Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
logical name: eth0
version: 01
serial: 18:03:73:e1:a7:71
size: 100Mbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.123 duplex=full firmware=sb ip=192.168.1.3 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
resources: irq:47 memory:fe400000-fe40ffff
*-usb:1
description: USB controller
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0
version: 05
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0
resources: irq:23 memory:fe706000-fe7063ff
*-isa
description: ISA bridge
product: H67 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0
version: 05
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
*-storage
description: SATA controller
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SATA AHCI Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
version: 05
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0
resources: irq:43 ioport:f070(size=8) ioport:f060(size=4) ioport:f050(size=8) ioport:f040(size=4) ioport:f020(size=32) memory:fe705000-fe7057ff
*-serial UNCLAIMED
description: SMBus
product: 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
version: 05
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:fe704000-fe7040ff ioport:f000(size=32)
*-scsi:0
physical id: 1
logical name: scsi0
capabilities: emulated
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: Hitachi HUA72201
vendor: Hitachi
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: JP4O
serial: JPW9J0HD21BTZC
size: 931GiB (1TB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 sectorsize=512 signature=000641dc
*-volume:0
description: EXT4 volume
vendor: Linux
physical id: 1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
logical name: /dev/sda1
logical name: /
version: 1.0
serial: 4e3d91b7-fd38-4f44-a9e9-ba3c39b926ec
size: 585GiB
capacity: 585GiB
capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized
configuration: created=2012-10-21 16:26:50 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ modified=2012-10-29 18:12:08 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered mounted=2012-10-29 18:12:08 state=mounted
*-volume:1
description: Extended partition
physical id: 2
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
logical name: /dev/sda2
size: 7823MiB
capacity: 7823MiB
capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended
*-logicalvolume
description: Linux swap / Solaris partition
physical id: 5
logical name: /dev/sda5
capacity: 7823MiB
capabilities: nofs
*-volume:2
description: Windows NTFS volume
physical id: 3
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3
logical name: /dev/sda3
version: 3.1
serial: 84a92aae-347b-7940-a2d1-f4745b885ef2
size: 337GiB
capacity: 337GiB
capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized
configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2012-10-21 18:43:39 filesystem=ntfs modified_by_chkdsk=true mounted_on_nt4=true resize_log_file=true state=dirty upgrade_on_mount=true
*-scsi:1
physical id: 2
logical name: scsi1
capabilities: emulated
*-cdrom
description: DVD-RAM writer
product: DVDRWBD DH-12E3S
vendor: PLDS
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
logical name: /dev/cdrw
logical name: /dev/dvd
logical name: /dev/dvdrw
logical name: /dev/sr0
version: MD11
capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc
*-scsi:2
physical id: 3
bus info: usb@2:1.8
logical name: scsi6
capabilities: emulated scsi-host
configuration: driver=usb-storage
*-disk:0
description: SCSI Disk
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@6:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sdb
configuration: sectorsize=512
*-disk:1
description: SCSI Disk
physical id: 0.0.1
bus info: scsi@6:0.0.1
logical name: /dev/sdc
configuration: sectorsize=512
*-disk:2
description: SCSI Disk
physical id: 0.0.2
bus info: scsi@6:0.0.2
logical name: /dev/sdd
configuration: sectorsize=512
*-disk:3
description: SCSI Disk
product: MS/MS-Pro
vendor: Generic-
physical id: 0.0.3
bus info: scsi@6:0.0.3
logical name: /dev/sde
version: 1.03
serial: 3
capabilities: removable
configuration: sectorsize=512
*-medium
physical id: 0
logical name: /dev/sde
答案1
尝试在终端中运行：
htop或者free -m
htop需要安装sudo apt-get install htop但会提供更多信息，例如 CPU 使用情况。free只会报告内存使用情况。
查看结果以了解您是否没有使用交换（低 RAM）或者您的 CPU 是否没有被其他进程占用。
OBS：您也可以使用top预先安装的，但我认为它的输出令人困惑......
答案2
也许你的 GPU 中没有 OpenGL 加速？12.10 中没有 Unity 2D - 它用于具有旧显卡或集成显卡的机器。现在，每台机器都使用 Unity3d。Phoronix 写道：
“那些没有在 GPU 上使用 OpenGL 加速来运行带有 Compiz 的 Unity 桌面的用户将不得不处理在 CPU 上运行的 Gallium3D 的 LLVMpipe 驱动程序。LLVMpipe 不适合玩游戏，但对于合成桌面体验来说已经足够好了。LLVMpipe 已经可以处理 GNOME Shell，而在 Fedora 17 中，GNOME-Shell-On-LLVMpipe 是软件后备方法。”
我在配备集成 Intel GPU 的速度较慢的机器上也经历了性能下降。