最近安装后ubuntu 12.04 桌面版在我的配备 nvida optimus 的笔记本电脑 (ASUS N53J) 上，我尝试使用本指南中描述的方法让 hdmi 输出工作这里。我能够将鼠标移出屏幕，但 LXDE 会话未显示在我的外接显示器上。我尝试使用 2 个不同的显示器并多次重启，但均未成功。我已成功安装 bumblebee，并且 nvidia 显卡和英特尔集成显卡均在笔记本电脑显示器上运行良好。
以下是我启动会话的终端的粘贴。注意：1 秒后重试消息将永远重复。
linux-user@Marble:~$ sudo ~/hdmi
[sudo] password for linux-user:
Obt-Message: Xinerama extension is not present on the server
xscreensaver: 10:51:29: locking is disabled (running as nobody).
xscreensaver: 10:51:29: locking only works when xscreensaver is launched
by a normal, non-privileged user (e.g., not "root".)
See the manual for details.
(polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1:2189): polkit-gnome-1-WARNING **: Unable to determine the session we are in: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.GeneralError: Unable to lookup session information for process '2189'
Openbox-Message: Requested key "XF86Terminal" does not exist on the display
** (update-notifier:2206): WARNING **: not starting for system user
Home directory /home/linux-user not ours.
Connection failure: Connection refused
pa_context_connect() failed: Connection refused
** Message: applet now removed from the notification area
** (nm-applet:2199): WARNING **: Failed to register as an agent: (32) No session found for uid 0
** Message: using fallback from indicator to GtkStatusIcon
** Message: applet now embedded in the notification area
2013-04-06T10:51:32 INFO: Synergy 1.3.8 Server on Linux 3.5.0-26-generic #42~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Mon Mar 11 22:17:58 UTC 2013 x86_64
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergys/synergys.cpp,1098
2013-04-06T10:51:32 DEBUG: opening configuration "/root/.synergy.conf"
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergys/synergys.cpp,1113
2013-04-06T10:51:32 DEBUG: cannot open configuration "/root/.synergy.conf"
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergys/synergys.cpp,1120
2013-04-06T10:51:32 DEBUG: opening configuration "/etc/synergy.conf"
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergys/synergys.cpp,1113
2013-04-06T10:51:32 DEBUG: cannot open configuration "/etc/synergy.conf"
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergys/synergys.cpp,1120
synergys: no configuration available
** Message: Starting applet secret agent because GNOME Shell disappeared
** (nm-applet:2199): WARNING **: Failed to register as an agent: (32) No session found for uid 0
2013-04-06T10:51:37 INFO: Synergy 1.3.8 Client on Linux 3.5.0-26-generic #42~precise1-Ubuntu SMP Mon Mar 11 22:17:58 UTC 2013 x86_64
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,765
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: XOpenDisplay(":8")
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/platform/CXWindowsScreen.cpp,901
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: xscreensaver window: 0x01600001
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/platform/CXWindowsScreenSaver.cpp,342
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: screen shape: 0,0 640x480
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/platform/CXWindowsScreen.cpp,136
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: window is 0x00e00004
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/platform/CXWindowsScreen.cpp,137
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: opened display
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/synergy/CScreen.cpp,41
2013-04-06T10:51:37 NOTE: started client
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,339
2013-04-06T10:51:37 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/client/CClient.cpp,115
2013-04-06T10:51:37 WARNING: failed to connect to server: Connection refused
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,274
2013-04-06T10:51:37 DEBUG: retry in 1 seconds
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,246
2013-04-06T10:51:38 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/client/CClient.cpp,115
2013-04-06T10:51:38 WARNING: failed to connect to server: Connection refused
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,274
2013-04-06T10:51:38 DEBUG: retry in 1 seconds
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,246
2013-04-06T10:51:39 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/client/CClient.cpp,115
2013-04-06T10:51:39 WARNING: failed to connect to server: Connection refused
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,274
2013-04-06T10:51:39 DEBUG: retry in 1 seconds
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,246
2013-04-06T10:51:40 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/client/CClient.cpp,115
2013-04-06T10:51:40 WARNING: failed to connect to server: Connection refused
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,274
2013-04-06T10:51:40 DEBUG: retry in 1 seconds
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,246
2013-04-06T10:51:42 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/lib/client/CClient.cpp,115
2013-04-06T10:51:42 WARNING: failed to connect to server: Connection refused
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,274
2013-04-06T10:51:42 DEBUG: retry in 1 seconds
/build/buildd/synergy-1.3.8/src/cmd/synergyc/synergyc.cpp,246
linux-user@Marble:~$ 2013-04-06T10:51:43 NOTE: connecting to '127.0.0.1': 127.0.0.1:24800
我认为在启动 LXDE 会话时出现了问题（我看到很多失败消息），所以我希望你们能帮忙。如果您需要有关系统或我如何安装它的更多详细信息，我很乐意提供。
感谢您对如何修复此问题的任何想法。=)
输出
uname -r
这个（顶行是命令）
linux-user@Marble:~$ uname -r
3.5.0-27-generic
输出
lspci -v
这个（顶行是命令）
linux-user@Marble:~$ lspci -v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 18)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor PCI Express x16 Root Port (rev 18) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000d000-0000dfff
Memory behind bridge: c0000000-d30fffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 18) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1532
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 49
Memory at d3400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M]
Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at e080 [size=8]
Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset HECI Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47
Memory at d9c0a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: mei
Kernel modules: mei
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at d9c08000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio (rev 06)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1113
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 48
Memory at d9c00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff
Memory behind bridge: d8800000-d9bfffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000d3100000-00000000d32fffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000b000-0000bfff
Memory behind bridge: d7400000-d87fffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000a000-0000afff
Memory behind bridge: d6000000-d73fffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000d9d00000-00000000d9efffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00009000-00009fff
Memory behind bridge: d4c00000-d5ffffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000d9f00000-00000000da0fffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev 06) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=06, subordinate=06, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00008000-00008fff
Memory behind bridge: d3800000-d4bfffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000da100000-00000000da2fffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset USB2 Enhanced Host Controller (rev 06) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23
Memory at d9c07000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev a6) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=32
Capabilities: <access denied>
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 5 Series Chipset LPC Interface Controller (rev 06)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel modules: lpc_ich
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset 4 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 06) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 46
I/O ports at e070 [size=8]
I/O ports at e060 [size=4]
I/O ports at e050 [size=8]
I/O ports at e040 [size=4]
I/O ports at e020 [size=32]
Memory at d9c06000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.6 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 5 Series/3400 Series Chipset Thermal Subsystem (rev 06)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1117
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Memory at d9c04000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: intel ips
Kernel modules: intel_ips
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF108 [GeForce GT 425M] (rev ff) (prog-if ff)
!!! Unknown header type 7f
03:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) (rev 01)
Subsystem: AzureWave AW-NE785 / AW-NE785H 802.11bgn Wireless Full or Half-size Mini PCIe Card
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17
Memory at d7400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ath9k
Kernel modules: ath9k
04:00.0 USB controller: Fresco Logic FL1000G USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1039
Physical Slot: 3
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19
Memory at d6000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
06:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8131 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 1820
Physical Slot: 5
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 50
Memory at d3800000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K]
I/O ports at 8000 [size=128]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: atl1c
Kernel modules: atl1c
ff:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture Generic Non-core Registers (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
ff:00.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QuickPath Architecture System Address Decoder (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
ff:02.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Link 0 (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
ff:02.1 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor QPI Physical 0 (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
ff:02.2 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
ff:02.3 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Core Processor Reserved (rev 05)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device 8086
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
答案1
您真的想在另一台显示器上运行新会话吗？还是只想在另一台显示器上运行应用程序（如 mplayer）？从您的问题来看，我并不清楚。
我有一台华硕 N56VM，我能够使用 bumblebee 在外接显示器（通过 HDMI 连接）上运行 mplayer。不幸的是，音频不起作用。我按照此链接上“额外屏幕”标题下的说明进行操作：
https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki/Multi-monitor-setup
以下是该链接中信息的复制/粘贴：
为了通过 nvidia 芯片使用外部显示器，必须禁用电源管理。编辑 /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf 并将 PmMethod=auto 更改为 PmMethod=none（两次）。
额外的屏幕
（仅限 blob）在 /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf 中，将 KeepUnusedXServer=false 更改为 KeepUnusedXServer=true。删除 /etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia 中的 UseEDID 和 Option "AutoAddDevices" "false" 行。使用 optirun true 触发 X 服务器的启动。
在外部显示器上运行应用程序之前，请根据需要调整库路径（或者为 nouveau 删除它）并运行：
导出 DISPLAY=：8 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/nvidia-current:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
然后根据您的选择启动程序（不带 optirun），它应该显示在外部显示器上。
这是我从中获得此技巧的原始 askubuntu 链接。也许它对你也有帮助。