亲爱的潜在助手们，
我在一台 2008 年左右的华硕笔记本电脑上遇到了以下问题，该笔记本电脑安装了 Kubuntu 12.04.3 (3.2.0-39-generic-pae)：经过几个月的正常工作，CD/DVD 驱动器不再被识别。当我插入 DVD 或 CD 时，它既没有列在设备小部件中，也没有列在 dolphin 的位置选项卡中。我猜这不是硬件问题，因为该驱动器在 BIOS 中被识别，我可以从 Live-CD 启动。
有一段时间，在 DVD 已插入驱动器的情况下重新启动笔记本电脑，有 50% 的机会可以解决这个问题。但即使这种解决方法也不再有效。
我对此做了大量研究，但我找到的其他问题报告和解决方案对我的问题没有帮助。如果您能帮助我，那就太好了。
以下控制台输出是在插入 DVD 的情况下进行的。
sudo lshw 输出：
description: Notebook
product: X51RL ()
vendor: ASUSTeK Computer Inc.
version: 1.0
serial: NF1S8448510135
width: 32 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 smp-1.4 smp
configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook cpus=1 uuid=A42481DD-1ACB-B0ED-2E00-001FC6879476
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: X51RL
vendor: ASUSTeK Computer Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 1.0
serial: BSN12345678901234567
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
physical id: 0
version: 204
date: 02/25/2008
size: 64KiB
capacity: 448KiB
capabilities: isa pci pcmcia pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification netboot
*-cpu
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 550 @ 2.00GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: 6.6.1
serial: 0001-0661-0000-0000-0000-0000
slot: Socket 478
size: 2GHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 133MHz
capabilities: boot fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe nx x86-64 constant_tsc up arch_perfmon pebs bts aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm dtherm
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1-Cache
size: 32KiB
capacity: 32KiB
capabilities: internal write-back data
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2-Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: internal write-back unified
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 19
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 1GiB
capacity: 1GiB
*-bank:0
description: DIMM DDR Synchronous
product: PartNum0
vendor: Manufacturer0
physical id: 0
serial: SerNum0
slot: DIMM0
size: 1GiB
width: 64 bits
*-bank:1
description: DIMM [empty]
product: PartNum1
vendor: Manufacturer1
physical id: 1
serial: SerNum1
slot: DIMM1
*-pci
description: Host bridge
product: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 01
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
configuration: latency=64
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: RS480 PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: pci normal_decode bus_master cap_list
resources: ioport:7000(size=4096) memory:f8800000-f88fffff memory:8ff00000-afefffff
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 5
bus info: pci@0000:01:05.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: pm msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=radeon latency=64 mingnt=8
resources: irq:17 memory:90000000-9fffffff ioport:7800(size=256) memory:f88f0000-f88fffff memory:f88c0000-f88dffff
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: RS480 PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 4
bus info: pci@0000:00:04.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm pciexpress msi ht normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:0 memory:f8900000-f89fffff
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: AR242x / AR542x Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express)
vendor: Atheros Communications Inc.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
logical name: wlan0
version: 01
serial: 00:15:af:93:06:8f
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath5k driverversion=3.2.0-39-generic-pae firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11bg
resources: irq:16 memory:f89f0000-f89fffff
*-pci:2
description: PCI bridge
product: RS480 PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 5
bus info: pci@0000:00:05.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm pciexpress msi ht normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:0 ioport:8000(size=8192) memory:f8a00000-fc9fffff ioport:aff00000(size=536870912)
*-pci:3
description: PCI bridge
product: RS480 PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 6
bus info: pci@0000:00:06.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm pciexpress msi ht normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:0
*-pci:4
description: PCI bridge
product: RS480 PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 7
bus info: pci@0000:00:07.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm pciexpress msi ht normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport
resources: irq:0
*-storage
description: SATA controller
product: SB600 Non-Raid-5 SATA
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 12
bus info: pci@0000:00:12.0
logical name: scsi0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: storage pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated
configuration: driver=ahci latency=64
resources: irq:22 ioport:e800(size=8) ioport:e400(size=4) ioport:e000(size=8) ioport:dc00(size=4) ioport:d800(size=16) memory:febffc00-febfffff
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: Hitachi HTS54251
vendor: Hitachi
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: BB2O
serial: 080406BB2200WBE03NWA
size: 111GiB (120GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=552d552d
*-volume:0
description: EXT4 volume
vendor: Linux
physical id: 1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
logical name: /dev/sda1
logical name: /
version: 1.0
serial: 5baf7d64-fd37-4711-9759-753571d2f88b
size: 20GiB
capacity: 20GiB
capabilities: primary bootable journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized
configuration: created=2012-09-20 16:08:52 filesystem=ext4 label=kubuntu lastmountpoint=/ modified=2012-09-20 16:45:32 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered mounted=2013-09-27 12:29:31 state=mounted
*-volume:1
description: Linux swap volume
physical id: 2
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
logical name: /dev/sda2
version: 1
serial: b1a54e61-6106-4c1d-8516-7f77f23e1a23
size: 3906MiB
capacity: 3906MiB
capabilities: primary nofs swap initialized
configuration: filesystem=swap pagesize=4096
*-volume:2
description: EXT3 volume
vendor: Linux
physical id: 3
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3
logical name: /dev/sda3
logical name: /home
version: 1.0
serial: fd3ab5b0-380b-4edc-9d52-094ce4db6328
size: 87GiB
capacity: 87GiB
capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files recover ext3 ext2 initialized
configuration: created=2008-07-14 19:39:01 filesystem=ext3 modified=2013-09-27 12:29:33 mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=continue,barrier=1,data=ordered mounted=2013-09-27 12:29:33 state=mounted
*-usb:0
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB (OHCI0)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ohci bus_master
configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:16 memory:febfe000-febfefff
*-usb:1
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB (OHCI1)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.1
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ohci bus_master
configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:17 memory:febfd000-febfdfff
*-usb:2
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB (OHCI2)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.2
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ohci bus_master
configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:18 memory:febfc000-febfcfff
*-usb:3
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB (OHCI3)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.3
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ohci bus_master
configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:17 memory:febfb000-febfbfff
*-usb:4
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB (OHCI4)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13.4
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.4
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ohci bus_master
configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:18 memory:febfa000-febfafff
*-usb:5
description: USB controller
product: SB600 USB Controller (EHCI)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 13.5
bus info: pci@0000:00:13.5
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=64
resources: irq:19 memory:febff800-febff8ff
*-serial UNCLAIMED
description: SMBus
product: SBx00 SMBus Controller
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 14
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.0
version: 13
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
configuration: latency=0
resources: ioport:b00(size=16)
*-ide
description: IDE interface
product: SB600 IDE
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 14.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.1
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: ide bus_master
configuration: driver=pata_atiixp latency=64
resources: irq:16 ioport:1f0(size=8) ioport:3f6 ioport:170(size=8) ioport:376 ioport:ff00(size=16)
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 14.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.2
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=64
resources: irq:16 memory:febf4000-febf7fff
*-isa
description: ISA bridge
product: SB600 PCI to LPC Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 14.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.3
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: isa bus_master
configuration: latency=0
*-pci:5
description: PCI bridge
product: SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge
vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
physical id: 14.4
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.4
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master
resources: ioport:a000(size=8192) memory:fca00000-feafffff memory:cff00000-dfefffff
*-pcmcia
description: CardBus bridge
product: RL5c476 II
vendor: Ricoh Co Ltd
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:08:01.0
version: b4
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pcmcia bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=yenta_cardbus latency=176 maxlatency=5 mingnt=128
resources: iomemory:b00c09080-b00c0907f irq:21 memory:38000000-38000fff ioport:a400(size=256) ioport:a000(size=256) memory:d0000000-d3ffffff memory:3c000000-3fffffff
*-generic:0
description: SD Host controller
product: R5C822 SD/SDIO/MMC/MS/MSPro Host Adapter
vendor: Ricoh Co Ltd
physical id: 1.1
bus info: pci@0000:08:01.1
version: 18
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=sdhci-pci latency=64
resources: irq:23 memory:feaffc00-feaffcff
*-generic:1
description: System peripheral
product: R5C592 Memory Stick Bus Host Adapter
vendor: Ricoh Co Ltd
physical id: 1.2
bus info: pci@0000:08:01.2
version: 09
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm cap_list
configuration: driver=r592 latency=0
resources: irq:23 memory:feaff800-feaff8ff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 7
bus info: pci@0000:08:07.0
logical name: eth0
version: 10
serial: 00:1f:c6:87:94:76
size: 100Mbit/s
capacity: 100Mbit/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=8139too driverversion=0.9.28 duplex=full ip=192.168.2.100 latency=64 link=yes maxlatency=64 mingnt=32 multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
resources: irq:20 ioport:b800(size=256) memory:feaff400-feaff4ff
sudo wodim --devices 输出：
wodim: Overview of accessible drives (0 found) :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
sudo lsmod 输出：
Module Size Used by
rfcomm 38139 0
bnep 17830 2
parport_pc 32114 0
bluetooth 158479 10 rfcomm,bnep
ppdev 12849 0
dm_crypt 22528 0
snd_hda_codec_si3054 12864 1
snd_hda_codec_realtek 174313 1
snd_hda_intel 32719 3
snd_hda_codec 109562 3 snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel
snd_hwdep 13276 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_pcm 80916 3 snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec
pcmcia 39826 0
snd_seq_midi 13132 0
snd_rawmidi 25424 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_seq_midi_event 14475 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_seq 51592 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event
snd_timer 28931 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq
snd_seq_device 14172 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq
psmouse 86520 0
arc4 12473 2
r592 17808 0
serio_raw 13027 0
yenta_socket 27465 0
snd 62218 16 snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device
pcmcia_rsrc 18367 1 yenta_socket
memstick 15857 1 r592
pcmcia_core 21511 3 pcmcia,yenta_socket,pcmcia_rsrc
soundcore 14635 1 snd
sp5100_tco 13495 0
i2c_piix4 13093 0
usblp 17885 0
snd_page_alloc 14108 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm
joydev 17393 0
ath5k 145127 0
ath 19387 1 ath5k
mac80211 436493 1 ath5k
asus_laptop 23693 0
sparse_keymap 13658 1 asus_laptop
mac_hid 13077 0
input_polldev 13648 1 asus_laptop
shpchp 32265 0
cfg80211 178877 3 ath5k,ath,mac80211
lp 17455 0
parport 40930 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp
sdhci_pci 18324 0
usbhid 41937 0
hid 77428 1 usbhid
radeon 738031 2
8139too 23283 0
8139cp 26759 0
sdhci 28241 1 sdhci_pci
ttm 65344 1 radeon
drm_kms_helper 45466 1 radeon
pata_atiixp 12999 0
drm 197641 4 radeon,ttm,drm_kms_helper
i2c_algo_bit 13199 1 radeon
video 19115 0
ati_agp 13242 0
sudo mount 输出：
/dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/sda3 on /home type ext3 (rw)
答案1
输出什么cat /dev/cdrom？[查看内核是否识别任何设备]。我会在收到回复后更新并改进此答案。另外，请通过运行提供系统日志dmesg，它会输出系统日志或 KSystemLog。