我从 13 升级到了 14，升级过程中出现了很多错误。现在我无法访问 root（通过 su 命令）或执行类似 的操作sudo apt-get install something。
笔记：这不是重复的使用 su 或 sudo 时出现分段错误 。我尝试了那里发布的答案，但没有用。请参阅编辑1以下。
如果我尝试：
sudo apt-get install XXX
我收到此错误：
Errore di segmentazione (core dump creato)
Segmentation fault (core dump created)
我该如何解决这个问题？
编辑1：
我刚刚尝试aptdcon --fix-install在这里发布答案：使用 su 或 sudo 时出现分段错误，并返回以下结果：
ERROR: Operazione di pacchetto non riuscita
Installazione o la rimozione di un pacchetto software non riuscita.
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libpam-winbind:amd64:
libpam-winbind:amd64 depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package libpam-winbind:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of samba:
samba depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package samba (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of system-config-samba:
system-config-samba depends on samba; however:
Package samba is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing package system-config-samba (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of winbind:
winbind depends on samba (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba is not configured yet.
winbind depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package winbind (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of samba-dsdb-modules:
samba-dsdb-modules depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package samba-dsdb-modules (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libsmbclient:amd64:
libsmbclient:amd64 depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package libsmbclient:amd64 (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-samba:
python-samba depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package python-samba (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of samba-vfs-modules:
samba-vfs-modules depends on samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3); however:
Package samba-libs is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package samba-vfs-modules (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
之后我尝试运行：
echo \"$(dpkg --get-selections | grep install | cut -f 1)\"
和
aptdcon --reinstall "package1 package2 package3..."
使用生成的列表，返回以下结果：
ERROR: org.debian.apt.TransactionFailed - error-cache-broken: I seguenti pacchetti presentano dipendenze non soddisfatte:
libnss-winbind: Depends: samba-common (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: winbind (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: libwbclient0 (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
libpam-smbpass: Depends: samba-common (= 2:3.6.18-1ubuntu3.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
libpam-winbind: Depends: samba-common (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: winbind (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
libsmbclient: Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
python-samba: Depends: python (< 2.8) ma 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 è installato
Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.1-0ubuntu2) ma è un pacchetto virtuale
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
samba: Depends: heimdal-hdb-api-8 ma è un pacchetto virtuale
Depends: samba-common (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: samba-common-bin (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: python (< 2.8) ma 2.7.5-5ubuntu3 è installato
Depends: python2.7:any ma è un pacchetto virtuale
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
samba-common-bin: Depends: samba-common (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: python2.7:any ma è un pacchetto virtuale
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
samba-dsdb-modules: Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
samba-vfs-modules: Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
smbclient: Depends: samba-common (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
winbind: Depends: samba (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: libwbclient0 (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3 è installato
Depends: samba-libs (= 2:4.1.6+dfsg-1ubuntu2.14.04.3) ma non è installato
答案1
可能是您损坏了系统上的文件。也许在升级过程中出现了问题，或者升级在完成之前就停止了（可能是由于断电或磁盘空间不足？）
段错误是一种严重的错误，在正常情况下不应该发生。
这其他答案建议使用：
aptdcon --fix-install
这可能会导致您必须重新安装一些其他软件包 - 请参阅其他答案以获取更多详细信息。
看到你更新的信息后，看起来这就是提到的 samba 问题这里和这里升级/重新安装 samba 可能会中断登录（包括 sudo）。
它描述了错误报告。
因此，您可以尝试清除所有与 Samba 相关的软件包，然后重新安装 Samba（如果需要，或者直接将其完全删除）。具体来说，您需要清除libpam-smbpass。
因为您不能使用 sudo，所以您需要通过单用户模式执行此操作，Ubuntu 在启动屏幕上通过“恢复模式”提供该模式。
引用该错误报告：
- Reboot and choose the "recovery mode" from the boot selection menu
- Choose "drop into root shell" from the recovery menu
- Execute the command: dpkg --purge libpam-smbpass