在尝试了我能想到的所有选项（以及来自网络的选项）之后，我不得不在这里询问:)
首先是我的装备：
A Dell e6540 laptop CPU Intel Haswell 4800MQ (igpu 4600),
GPU AMD 8790m
lspci：
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation QM87 Express LPC Controller (rev 04)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Mars XTX [Radeon HD 8790M]
lshw（当前工作的驱动程序）：
*-display UNCLAIMED
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Mars XTX [Radeon HD 8790M]
vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga_controller cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:f7c00000-f7c3ffff ioport:e000(size=256) memory:f7c40000-f7c5ffff
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
version: 06
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
resources: irq:47 memory:f5800000-f5bfffff memory:d0000000-dfffffff ioport:f000(size=64)
uname：
Linux 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
操作系统问题：
- Ubuntu 14.04.1
- 在双启动下运行（另一个是 Windows 8.1）。
- 使用 TLP（电源管理）
如您所见，我安装了 4600 igpu 的英特尔视频驱动程序，并且正在使用 AMD hd8790m 的开源驱动程序。
安装任何版本的 fglrx 驱动程序（所有 Ubuntu 的 repo 版本、来自 amd webstie 的版本、sgfxi 版本的驱动程序）后，我得到（在 plymouth 之后）“此系统正在低图形模式下运行”，之后它（也）失败了，我只得到 tty 控制台（tty 7 为空白）；我检查了它xorg.conf并且它有 amd 部分（amdconfig --initial）。
我尝试了 grub 的东西这里。
这里有一些日志：
x-0.log：
...
...
...
Loading extension GLX
(EE)
(EE) Backtrace:
(EE) 0: /usr/bin/X (xorg_backtrace+0x48) [0x7fed404a5d28]
(EE) 1: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x1aca19) [0x7fed404a9a19]
(EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x7fed3f3fa000+0x10340) [0x7fed3f40a340]
(EE) 3: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so (0x7fed3a8d0000+0x67e80) [0x7fed3a937e80]
(EE) 4: /usr/bin/X (xf86DeleteScreen+0x5d) [0x7fed4039ad4d]
(EE) 5: /usr/bin/X (xf86BusConfig+0x1c6) [0x7fed40386556]
(EE) 6: /usr/bin/X (InitOutput+0x993) [0x7fed403942b3]
(EE) 7: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x596bb) [0x7fed403566bb]
(EE) 8: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fed3de39ec5]
(EE) 9: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x44dde) [0x7fed40341dde]
(EE)
(EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x870d0
(EE)
Fatal server error:
(EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting
(EE)
(EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
(EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
(EE)
(EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
x-0.log.old：
Loading extension GLX
Loading extension GLESX
(EE)
(EE) Backtrace:
(EE) 0: /usr/bin/X (xorg_backtrace+0x48) [0x7f4a33af7d28]
(EE) 1: /usr/bin/X (0x7f4a3394f000+0x1aca19) [0x7f4a33afba19]
(EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x7f4a32a4c000+0x10340) [0x7f4a32a5c340]
(EE) 3: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so (0x7f4a2df22000+0x15660) [0x7f4a2df37660]
(EE) 4: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so (0x7f4a2df22000+0x10dfe9) [0x7f4a2e02ffe9]
(EE) 5: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so (0x7f4a2df22000+0x10e545) [0x7f4a2e030545]
(EE) 6: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so (xdl_xs115_atiddxPxScreenInit+0x72) [0x7f4a2ea086a2]
(EE) 7: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so (xdl_xs115_atiddxScreenInit+0x11f4) [0x7f4a2e9e4e24]
(EE) 8: /usr/bin/X (AddScreen+0x71) [0x7f4a339a4ca1]
(EE) 9: /usr/bin/X (InitOutput+0x3c8) [0x7f4a339e5ce8]
(EE) 10: /usr/bin/X (0x7f4a3394f000+0x596bb) [0x7f4a339a86bb]
(EE) 11: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7f4a3148bec5]
(EE) 12: /usr/bin/X (0x7f4a3394f000+0x44dde) [0x7f4a33993dde]
(EE)
(EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x18
(EE)
Fatal server error:
(EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting
(EE)
(EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
(EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
(EE)
Xorg.0.日志：
[ 6.970]
X.Org X Server 1.15.1
Release Date: 2014-04-13
[ 6.971] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 6.971] Build Operating System: Linux 3.2.0-61-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
[ 6.971] Current Operating System: Linux 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64
[ 6.971] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-32-generic root=UUID=f70c2b74-5d96-4aaa-99a0-ec75debe9204 ro acpi_backlight=vendor quiet splash vt.handoff=7
[ 6.971] Build Date: 30 July 2014 12:21:54AM
[ 6.971] xorg-server 2:1.15.1-0ubuntu2.1 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
[ 6.971] Current version of pixman: 0.30.2
[ 6.971] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 6.971] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 6.971] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Oct 21 14:27:45 2014
[ 6.971] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
[ 6.971] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 6.971] (==) ServerLayout "X.org Configured"
[ 6.971] (**) |-->Screen "aticonfig-Screen[0]-0" (0)
[ 6.971] (**) | |-->Monitor "aticonfig-Monitor[0]-0"
[ 6.971] (**) | |-->Device "aticonfig-Device[0]-0"
[ 6.971] (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0"
[ 6.971] (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0"
[ 6.971] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 6.971] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 6.971] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[ 6.971] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 6.971] (**) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
built-ins,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
built-ins
[ 6.971] (**) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 6.971] (WW) Hotplugging is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled.
[ 6.971] (WW) Disabling Mouse0
[ 6.971] (WW) Disabling Keyboard0
[ 6.971] (II) Loader magic: 0x7fed40729d40
[ 6.971] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 6.971] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 6.971] X.Org Video Driver: 15.0
[ 6.971] X.Org XInput driver : 20.0
[ 6.971] X.Org Server Extension : 8.0
[ 6.972] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 6.973] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:0416:1028:05be rev 6, Mem @ 0xf5800000/4194304, 0xd0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x0000f000/64
[ 6.973] (--) PCI: (0:1:0:0) 1002:6606:1028:05be rev 0, Mem @ 0xe0000000/268435456, 0xf7c00000/262144, I/O @ 0x0000e000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension Generic Event Extension
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension SHAPE
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XTEST
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension BIG-REQUESTS
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension SYNC
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XC-MISC
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension SECURITY
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XFIXES
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension RENDER
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension RANDR
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension DOUBLE-BUFFER
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension RECORD
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension DPMS
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension Present
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension DRI3
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension X-Resource
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XVideo
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XVideo-MotionCompensation
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension SELinux
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-VidModeExtension
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DGA
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DRI
[ 6.973] Initializing built-in extension DRI2
[ 6.973] (II) "glx" will be loaded. This was enabled by default and also specified in the config file.
[ 6.973] (WW) "xmir" is not to be loaded by default. Skipping.
[ 6.973] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 6.975] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 6.980] (II) Module glx: vendor="Advanced Micro Devices, Inc."
[ 6.980] compiled for 6.9.0, module version = 1.0.0
[ 6.980] Loading extension GLX
[ 6.980] (II) LoadModule: "fgl.renamed.libglx"
[ 6.981] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module fgl.renamed.libglx
[ 6.981] (II) UnloadModule: "fgl.renamed.libglx"
[ 6.981] (II) Unloading fgl.renamed.libglx
[ 6.981] (EE) Failed to load module "fgl.renamed.libglx" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 6.981] (II) LoadModule: "fglrx"
[ 6.981] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fglrx_drv.so
[ 6.994] (II) Module fglrx: vendor="FireGL - AMD Technologies Inc."
[ 6.994] compiled for 1.4.99.906, module version = 14.30.4
[ 6.994] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 6.994] (II) Loading sub module "fglrxdrm"
[ 6.994] (II) LoadModule: "fglrxdrm"
[ 6.994] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/linux/libfglrxdrm.so
[ 7.034] (II) Module fglrxdrm: vendor="FireGL - AMD Technologies Inc."
[ 7.034] compiled for 1.4.99.906, module version = 14.30.4
[ 7.034] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Version Identifier:14.30.4
[ 7.034] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Release Identifier: UNSUPPORTED-14.301.1001
[ 7.034] (II) AMD Proprietary Linux Driver Build Date: Sep 15 2014 18:11:36
[ 7.034] (++) using VT number 7
[ 7.035] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fglrx
[ 7.043] (II) Loading PCS database from /etc/ati/amdpcsdb /etc/ati/amdpcsdb.default
[ 7.044] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 248
[ 7.044] ukiDynamicMajor: found major device number 248
[ 7.044] ukiOpenByBusid: Searching for BusID PCI:1:0:0
[ 7.044] ukiOpenDevice: node name is /dev/ati/card0
[ 7.044] ukiOpenDevice: open result is 9, (OK)
[ 9.160] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiOpenMinor returns 9
[ 9.160] ukiOpenByBusid: ukiGetBusid reports PCI:1:0:0
[ 9.197] (--) Chipset Supported AMD Graphics Processor (0x6606) found
[ 9.197] (II) fglrx: intel VGA device detected, load intel driver.
[ 9.197] (II) LoadModule: "intel"
[ 9.197] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so
[ 9.199] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 9.199] compiled for 1.15.1, module version = 2.99.911
[ 9.199] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 9.199] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 9.200] (II) fglrx(0): pEnt->device->identifier=0x7fed422d7670
[ 9.201] (II) intel(1): SNA compiled: xserver-xorg-video-intel 2:2.99.911-0intel1 (Andrew Lee (李健秋) <[email protected]>)
[ 9.202] (II) intel(1): pEnt->device->identifier=(nil)
[ 9.202] (EE) Screen 1 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 9.202] (EE)
[ 9.202] (EE) Backtrace:
[ 9.202] (EE) 0: /usr/bin/X (xorg_backtrace+0x48) [0x7fed404a5d28]
[ 9.202] (EE) 1: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x1aca19) [0x7fed404a9a19]
[ 9.202] (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x7fed3f3fa000+0x10340) [0x7fed3f40a340]
[ 9.202] (EE) 3: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so (0x7fed3a8d0000+0x67e80) [0x7fed3a937e80]
[ 9.203] (EE) 4: /usr/bin/X (xf86DeleteScreen+0x5d) [0x7fed4039ad4d]
[ 9.203] (EE) 5: /usr/bin/X (xf86BusConfig+0x1c6) [0x7fed40386556]
[ 9.203] (EE) 6: /usr/bin/X (InitOutput+0x993) [0x7fed403942b3]
[ 9.203] (EE) 7: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x596bb) [0x7fed403566bb]
[ 9.203] (EE) 8: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fed3de39ec5]
[ 9.203] (EE) 9: /usr/bin/X (0x7fed402fd000+0x44dde) [0x7fed40341dde]
[ 9.203] (EE)
[ 9.203] (EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x870d0
[ 9.203] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 9.203] (EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting
[ 9.203] (EE)
[ 9.203] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 9.203] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 9.203] (EE)
[ 9.219] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
Xorg.failsafe.log：
答案1
您找到解决方案了吗？当我使用 Xorg 的标准驱动程序时，执行 apt-update / upgrade 系统会返回到低图形模式...