我之前安装了 pycharm，可以从 dash 启动它，只需输入 pyc...，图标就会出现。现在我下载了新版本的 pycharm，我想知道应该怎么做才能让它取代旧版本？我启动 4.5 pycharm 的方式是
~/Downloads/pycharm-4.5/bin/pycharm.sh &
但我仍然安装了旧的 4.0，如果我从仪表盘启动它，它就会启动。我该如何修复安装，以便 4.5 可以从仪表盘运行？
$ sudo lsof | grep pycharm
[sudo] password for dac:
lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1002/gvfs
Output information may be incomplete.
lsof: WARNING: can't stat() fuse.gvfsd-fuse file system /run/user/1000/gvfs
Output information may be incomplete.
pycharm.s 29590 dac cwd DIR 252,4 4096 1713357 /home/dac
pycharm.s 29590 dac rtd DIR 252,4 4096 2 /
pycharm.s 29590 dac txt REG 252,4 121272 12320800 /bin/dash
pycharm.s 29590 dac mem REG 252,4 1840928 268013 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.19.so
pycharm.s 29590 dac mem REG 252,4 149120 268007 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.19.so
pycharm.s 29590 dac 0u CHR 136,36 0t0 39 /dev/pts/36
pycharm.s 29590 dac 1u CHR 136,36 0t0 39 /dev/pts/36
pycharm.s 29590 dac 2u CHR 136,36 0t0 39 /dev/pts/36
pycharm.s 29590 dac 10r REG 252,4 6872 6029516 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/bin/pycharm.sh
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 5293 6425588 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/python-gherkin/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1155 6425610 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/restClient/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2124 6425560 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/htmltools/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2178 6425623 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/stylus/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 6768 6425619 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/sass/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 5184333 6425468 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/CSS/lib/css.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1567763 6425665 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/tasks-core.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 389654 6425690 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/uml/lib/diagram-api.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 670202 6425691 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/uml/lib/uml-support.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1602417 6425618 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/sass/lib/jrubyparser-0.5.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1584 6425614 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/rest/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 4158 6425577 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/less/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 95612 6425570 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/java_websocket.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 109043 6425568 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/commons-io-1.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 3318083 6425567 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/batik.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 373765 6425572 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/snuggletex-core-1.3-SNAPSHOT.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 517073 6425573 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/xmlgraphics-commons-1.3.1.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 501079 6425571 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ipnb/lib/jeuclid-core-3.1.9.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2181 6425552 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/haml/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 7854 6425518 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/coffeescript/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 6760 6425522 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cucumber/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2309 6425564 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/ini4idea/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2639 6425584 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/puppet/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 929 6425695 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/vagrant/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1597978 6425694 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/vagrant/lib/jrubyparser-0.5.3.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 6545 6425496 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptDebugger/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 264894 6425494 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptDebugger/lib/FirefoxConnector.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2520745 6425493 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptDebugger/lib/ChromeConnector.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 252004 6425506 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptLanguage/lib/ecmascript6-compiler.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 194328 6425507 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptLanguage/lib/javascript-openapi.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 191349 6425509 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptLanguage/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 310417 6425508 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptLanguage/lib/js-test-common.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 8894 6425556 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/hg4idea/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 309687 6425661 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/jira.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 113174 6425666 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/wsdl4j-1.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 55767 6425662 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/json-path-0.8.0.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 51483 6425663 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/json-smart-1.1.1.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1599570 6425657 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/axis-1.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 31191 6425658 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/axis-jaxrpc-1.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 76685 6425660 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/commons-discovery-0.4.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 19419 6425659 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/tasks/lib/axis-saaj-1.3.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 43074 6425469 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/CSS/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 262248 6425467 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/CSS/lib/css-openapi.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 3662 6425537 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/fileWatcher/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 579670 6425473 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/DatabaseTools/lib/database-openapi.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2272561 6425475 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/DatabaseTools/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 214691 6425474 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/DatabaseTools/lib/jdbc-console.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 250159 6425653 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/trilead.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 166186 6425651 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/svnkit-javahl16.zip
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 43354 6425645 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 506530 6425654 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/trileadsrc.zip
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 164368 6425642 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/antlr.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 757959 6425647 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/sqljet.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 3822 6425644 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/jsch.agentproxy.svnkit-trilead-ssh2.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 70637 6425646 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/sequence-library.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 457368 6425648 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/sqljetsrc.zip
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 3382277 6425652 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/svnkit.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 330711 6425650 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/svnkit-javahl.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 252914 6425545 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/trilead-ssh2.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 64455 6425540 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/git4idea-rt.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 29198 6425544 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 143195 6425543 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/remote-servers-git.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 105423 6425542 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/ini4j-0.5.2-patched.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 248711 6425530 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/trilead-ssh2-build213.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 30201 6425528 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 553833 6425527 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/javacvs-src.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 101007 6425529 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/smartcvs-src.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 182567 6425526 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/cvs_util.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 186214 6425675 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/textmate/lib/joni.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1258043 6425674 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/textmate/lib/jcodings.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 8367 6425606 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/remote-run/lib/jediterm-ssh-connector-2.0.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 232908 6425669 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/terminal/lib/jediterm-pty-2.0.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 432754 6425699 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/webDeployment/lib/commons-vfs2-2.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 33650 6425700 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/webDeployment/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 59684 6425513 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/PerforceIntegration/lib/perforce_util.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 12267 6425514 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/PerforceIntegration/lib/resources_en.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 493911 6425536 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/fileWatcher/lib/fileWatcher.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 157987 6425597 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/python-remote-interpreter/lib/python-remote-interpreter.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 545696 6425576 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/less/lib/less.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2117726 6425525 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/cvsIntegration/lib/cvsIntegration.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 5144371 6425649 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/svn4idea/lib/svn4idea.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 8545 6425591 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/python-javascript-debugger/lib/python-javascript-debugger.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2865691 6425620 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/sass/lib/sass.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 16592 6425533 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/django-db-config/lib/django-db-config.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 1380871 6425583 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/puppet/lib/puppet.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 881648 6425495 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/JavaScriptDebugger/lib/JavaScriptDebugger.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 476810 6425607 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/remote-run/lib/remote-run.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2902960 6425541 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/git4idea/lib/git4idea.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 2033724 6425512 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/PerforceIntegration/lib/PerforceIntegration.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 251336 6425611 /home/dac/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/plugins/restClient/lib/restClient.jar
java 29639 dac mem REG 252,4 444150
答案1
准备 PyCharm 4.5
移动安装：
sudo mv -r ~/Downloads/pycharm-4.5 /opt/pycharm-4.5
在中创建新文件~/.local/share/applications/
nano ~/.local/share/applications/pycharm.desktop
并添加以下内容
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=PyCharm
Comment=The Most Intelligent Python IDE
Icon=pycharm
Exec=/opt/pycharm-4.5/bin/pycharm.sh
Terminal=false
Categories=Development;IDE;Python;
StartupWMClass=PyCharm
如果图标不起作用（图标主题中没有匹配的图标），则替换条目
Icon=pycharm
和
Icon=/opt/pycharm-4.5/bin/pycharm.png
删除 PyCharm 4.0
在你的情况下，PyCharm 4.0 安装在 中~/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/。因此使用以下命令删除该文件夹：
rm -r ~/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6
现在我们可以搜索.desktopPyCharm 4.0 的文件：
grep -rnw ~/.local/share/applications -e ".*pycharm.sh.*"
grep -rnw /usr/share/applications -e ".*pycharm.sh.*"
如果有这样的条目（笔记在pycharm-4.0.6) Exec=…:
/usr/share/applications/pycharm.desktop:6:Exec=/home/<your_username>/Downloads/pycharm-4.0.6/bin/pycharm.sh
删除：
sudo rm /usr/share/applications/pycharm.desktop
答案2
答案3
比其他答案更简单的方法。无需.desktop亲自创建文件，加载程序后即可转到Tools > Create Desktop Entry。现在您可以从启动器运行它。