我正在尝试升级 ubuntu 14.04，但不知何故我的打包系统搞乱了。当我运行 sudo 时，sudo do-release-upgrade我收到以下消息并且升级被中止：
计算升级时出现无法解决的问题。
这可能是由以下原因造成的：* 升级到 Ubuntu 的预发布版本 * 运行当前的 Ubuntu 预发布版本 * Ubuntu 未提供的非官方软件包
我在网上搜索过，发现类似的问题。但是，当我检查/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log损坏的软件包时，它得到了几百行损坏的软件包。到目前为止，我发现的案例中，只有几个软件包被损坏了。包含术语“Broken”的输出的前一百行左右是
Broken apt:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libapt-pkg4.12:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libqt5core5a:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken texlive-binaries:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libwebkitgtk-3.0-0:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken texlive-latex-base:amd64 Depends on texlive-binaries [ amd64 ] < 2013.20130729.30972-2build3 -> 2014.20140926.35254-6build1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014.20140512.33982)
Broken systemd:amd64 Conflicts on systemd-services [ amd64 ] < 204-5ubuntu20.15 > ( admin )
Broken systemd:amd64 Conflicts on systemd-services [ i386 ] < none > ( none )
Broken librevenge-0.0-0:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken python3-apt:amd64 Depends on libapt-pkg4.12 [ amd64 ] < 1.0.1ubuntu2.10 -> 1.0.9.7ubuntu4.2 > ( admin ) (>= 1.0.9.7ubuntu4)
Broken ure:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken xserver-xorg-core:amd64 Conflicts on xserver-xorg-video-modesetting [ amd64 ] < 0.8.1-1build1 > ( x11 )
Broken uno-libs3:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken unity-control-center:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 1.3.10)
Broken libqt5dbus5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libqt5qml5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libopencv-core2.4:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken apt-utils:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken texlive-latex-recommended:amd64 Depends on texlive-binaries [ amd64 ] < 2013.20130729.30972-2build3 -> 2014.20140926.35254-6build1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014.20140512.33982)
Broken libqt5gui5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.1)
Broken python-apt:amd64 Depends on libapt-pkg4.12 [ amd64 ] < 1.0.1ubuntu2.10 -> 1.0.9.7ubuntu4.2 > ( admin ) (>= 1.0.9.7ubuntu4)
Broken libqt5quick5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libyelp0:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 1.3.10)
Broken libxapian22:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libicu52:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken qml-module-qtquick2:amd64 Depends on libqt5quick5 [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1-3ubuntu15.1 -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.1)
Broken qml-module-qtquick2:amd64 Depends on libqt5quick5-gles [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-0ubuntu3 > ( universe/libs ) (>= 5.4.1)
Broken qml-module-qtquick2:amd64 Depends on qtdeclarative-abi-5-4-1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken libdee-1.0-4:amd64 Depends on libicu52 [ amd64 ] < 52.1-3ubuntu0.4 -> 52.1-8ubuntu0.2 > ( libs ) (>= 52~m1-1~)
Broken libreoffice-core:amd64 Depends on ure [ amd64 ] < 4.2.8-0ubuntu3 -> 4.4.6~rc3-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 4.2~)
Broken qtchooser:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken qml-module-qtquick-window2:amd64 Depends on qtdeclarative-abi-5-4-1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken qtdeclarative5-qtquick2-plugin:amd64 Depends on qml-module-qtquick2 [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs )
Broken cpp:amd64 Depends on cpp-4.9 [ amd64 ] < none -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( interpreters ) (>= 4.9.2-1~)
Broken libkpathsea6:amd64 Breaks on texlive-binaries [ amd64 ] < 2013.20130729.30972-2build3 -> 2014.20140926.35254-6build1 > ( tex ) (< 2014)
Broken libopencv-imgproc2.4:amd64 Depends on libopencv-core2.4 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8+dfsg1-2ubuntu1 -> 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4 > ( universe/libs ) (= 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4)
Broken libqt5sql5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken gcc:amd64 Depends on cpp [ amd64 ] < 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 -> 4:4.9.2-2ubuntu2 > ( interpreters ) (>= 4:4.9.2-2ubuntu2)
Broken zenity:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 1.3.10)
Broken empathy:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 1.3.10)
Broken libqt5sql5-sqlite:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken mcp-account-manager-uoa:amd64 Depends on empathy [ amd64 ] < 3.8.6-0ubuntu9.2 -> 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1 > ( gnome ) (= 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1)
Broken qtdeclarative5-window-plugin:amd64 Depends on qml-module-qtquick-window2 [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs )
Broken libqt5network5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken gir1.2-webkit-3.0:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 2.4.6)
Broken zeitgeist-core:amd64 Depends on libdee-1.0-4 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 1.0.2)
Broken texlive-pictures:amd64 Depends on texlive-latex-recommended [ amd64 ] < 2013.20140215-1 -> 2014.20141024-2ubuntu1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014)
Broken libqt5widgets5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken texlive-latex-extra:amd64 Depends on texlive-pictures [ amd64 ] < 2013.20140215-1 -> 2014.20141024-2ubuntu1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014)
Broken signon-plugin-oauth2:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:amd64 Depends on gir1.2-webkit-3.0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs )
Broken libclutter-1.0-0:amd64 Breaks on libcogl15 [ amd64 ] < 1.16.2-1 > ( libs )
Broken texlive-font-utils:amd64 Depends on texlive-binaries [ amd64 ] < 2013.20130729.30972-2build3 -> 2014.20140926.35254-6build1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014.20140512.33982)
Broken libopenexr6:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken gir1.2-dee-1.0:amd64 Depends on libdee-1.0-4 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 1.2.7+13.10.20130924.1)
Broken update-manager:amd64 Depends on ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk [ amd64 ] < 1:0.220.8 -> 1:15.04.14.3 > ( admin )
Broken libharfbuzz-icu0:amd64 Depends on libicu52 [ amd64 ] < 52.1-3ubuntu0.4 -> 52.1-8ubuntu0.2 > ( libs ) (>= 52~m1-1~)
Broken compiz-core:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libproxy1:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken update-notifier:amd64 Depends on update-manager-gnome [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken update-notifier:amd64 Depends on update-manager [ amd64 ] < 1:0.196.14 -> 1:15.04.7.1 > ( gnome ) (>= 1:0.165)
Broken update-notifier:amd64 Depends on ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk [ amd64 ] < 1:0.220.8 -> 1:15.04.14.3 > ( admin )
Broken libreoffice-common:amd64 Depends on ure [ amd64 ] < 4.2.8-0ubuntu3 -> 4.4.6~rc3-0ubuntu1 > ( libs )
Broken compiz-plugins-default:amd64 Depends on compiz-core [ amd64 ] < 1:0.9.11.3+14.04.20150313-0ubuntu1 -> 1:0.9.12.1+15.04.20150922-0ubuntu1 > ( x11 ) (= 1:0.9.12.1+15.04.20150922-0ubuntu1)
Broken libedataserver-1.2-18:amd64 Depends on libicu52 [ amd64 ] < 52.1-3ubuntu0.4 -> 52.1-8ubuntu0.2 > ( libs ) (>= 52~m1-1~)
Broken qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-toolkit-plugin:amd64 Depends on qml-module-qtquick2 [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs )
Broken qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-toolkit-plugin:amd64 Depends on qtdeclarative5-qtquick2-plugin [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1-3ubuntu15.1 -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs )
Broken qtdeclarative5-ubuntu-ui-toolkit-plugin:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects:amd64 Depends on qml-module-qtquick2 [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu5 > ( libs )
Broken libmwaw-0.3-3:amd64 Depends on librevenge-0.0-0 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.0.1-3 > ( libs )
Broken libqt5svg5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libllvm3.6:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libprotobuf9:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libqt5test5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libodfgen-0.1-1:amd64 Depends on librevenge-0.0-0 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.0.1-3 > ( libs )
Broken gir1.2-unity-5.0:amd64 Depends on gir1.2-dee-1.0 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs )
Broken texlive-extra-utils:amd64 Depends on texlive-latex-base [ amd64 ] < 2013.20140215-1 -> 2014.20141024-2ubuntu1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014)
Broken signond:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken account-plugin-salut:amd64 Depends on empathy [ amd64 ] < 3.8.6-0ubuntu9.2 -> 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1 > ( gnome ) (= 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1)
Broken libsignon-extension1:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken libexiv2-13:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken account-plugin-aim:amd64 Depends on empathy [ amd64 ] < 3.8.6-0ubuntu9.2 -> 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1 > ( gnome ) (= 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1)
Broken libqt5organizer5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libcmis-0.5-5:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken firefox:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libpoppler49:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken g++:amd64 Depends on cpp [ amd64 ] < 4:4.8.2-1ubuntu6 -> 4:4.9.2-2ubuntu2 > ( interpreters ) (>= 4:4.9.2-2ubuntu2)
Broken ibus-qt4:amd64 Depends on libicu52 [ amd64 ] < 52.1-3ubuntu0.4 -> 52.1-8ubuntu0.2 > ( libs ) (>= 52~m1-1~)
Broken account-plugin-jabber:amd64 Depends on empathy [ amd64 ] < 3.8.6-0ubuntu9.2 -> 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1 > ( gnome ) (= 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1)
Broken libopencv-highgui2.4:amd64 Depends on libopencv-imgproc2.4 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8+dfsg1-2ubuntu1 -> 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4 > ( universe/libs ) (= 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4)
Broken account-plugin-yahoo:amd64 Depends on empathy [ amd64 ] < 3.8.6-0ubuntu9.2 -> 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1 > ( gnome ) (= 3.12.9-1ubuntu1.1)
Broken libqt5qml-graphicaleffects:amd64 Depends on qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1-1ubuntu1 > ( libs )
Broken unity-control-center-signon:amd64 Depends on unity-control-center [ amd64 ] < 14.04.3+14.04.20150916-0ubuntu1 -> 15.04.0+15.04.20150410-0ubuntu1 > ( gnome )
Broken libqapt3:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libegl1-mesa:amd64 Depends on libgl1-mesa-dri [ amd64 ] < 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.5 -> 10.5.9-2ubuntu1~vivid2 > ( libs ) (= 10.5.9-2ubuntu1~vivid2)
Broken apt-transport-https:amd64 Depends on libapt-pkg4.12 [ amd64 ] < 1.0.1ubuntu2.10 -> 1.0.9.7ubuntu4.2 > ( admin ) (>= 1.0.9.7ubuntu4.2)
Broken qml-module-qtquick-layouts:amd64 Depends on libqt5gui5 [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken qml-module-qtquick-layouts:amd64 Depends on libqt5gui5-gles [ amd64 ] < none -> 5.4.1+dfsg-0ubuntu2 > ( universe/libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken qml-module-qtquick-layouts:amd64 Depends on qtbase-abi-5-4-1 [ amd64 ] < none > ( none )
Broken thunderbird:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken signon-ui-x11:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.4.0)
Broken libopencv-features2d2.4:amd64 Depends on libopencv-imgproc2.4 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8+dfsg1-2ubuntu1 -> 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4 > ( universe/libs ) (= 2.4.9+dfsg-1ubuntu4)
Broken libunity-protocol-private0:amd64 Depends on libdee-1.0-4 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 1.0.0)
Broken libwpd-0.10-10:amd64 Depends on librevenge-0.0-0 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.0.1-3 > ( libs )
Broken lshw:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken evolution-data-server:amd64 Depends on libedataserver-1.2-18 [ amd64 ] < 3.10.4-0ubuntu1.5 -> 3.12.11-0ubuntu1.15.04.1 > ( libs ) (>= 3.12.9-0ubuntu1)
Broken unity-scope-musicstores:amd64 Depends on libdee-1.0-4 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 0.5.2)
Broken kubuntu-debug-installer:amd64 Depends on libqapt3 [ amd64 ] < none -> 3.0.0-0ubuntu2.2 > ( universe/kde )
Broken libreoffice-base-core:amd64 Depends on libreoffice-core [ amd64 ] < 1:4.2.8-0ubuntu3 -> 1:4.4.6~rc3-0ubuntu1 > ( editors ) (= 1:4.4.6~rc3-0ubuntu1)
Broken libwpg-0.3-3:amd64 Depends on librevenge-0.0-0 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.0.1-3 > ( libs )
Broken kde-runtime:amd64 Depends on libexiv2-13 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.24-4.1 > ( libs )
Broken libnux-4.0-0:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken python-xapian:amd64 Depends on libxapian22 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.16-2ubuntu1 -> 1.2.19-1 > ( libs ) (>= 1.2.19)
Broken unity-scope-gdrive:amd64 Depends on gir1.2-dee-1.0 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs )
Broken unity-lens-music:amd64 Depends on libdee-1.0-4 [ amd64 ] < 1.2.7+14.04.20140324-0ubuntu1 -> 1.2.7+15.04.20150304-0ubuntu1 > ( libs ) (>= 1.0.2)
Broken libgoa-backend-1.0-1:amd64 Depends on libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 [ amd64 ] < 2.4.8-1ubuntu1~ubuntu14.04.1 -> 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 > ( libs ) (>= 2.1.90)
Broken texlive-music:amd64 Depends on texlive-latex-base [ amd64 ] < 2013.20140215-1 -> 2014.20141024-2ubuntu1 > ( tex ) (>= 2014)
Broken libqt5xml5:amd64 Depends on libqt5core5a [ amd64 ] < 5.2.1+dfsg-1ubuntu14.3 -> 5.4.1+dfsg-2ubuntu4.1 > ( libs ) (>= 5.3.0)
Broken libcoin80:amd64 Depends on libstdc++6 [ amd64 ] < 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04 -> 4.9.2-10ubuntu13 > ( libs ) (>= 4.9)
Broken libqapt3-runtime:amd64 Depends on libqapt3 [ amd64 ] < none -> 3.0.0-0ubuntu2.2 > ( universe/kde )
Broken libgbm1:amd64 Depends on libgl1-mesa-dri [ amd64 ] < 10.1.3-0ubuntu0.5 -> 10.5.9-2ubuntu1~vivid2 > ( libs ) (= 10.5.9-2ubuntu1~vivid2)
Broken zeitgeist:amd64 Depends on zeitgeist-core [ amd64 ] < 0.9.14-0ubuntu4.1 -> 0.9.14-2.2ubuntu3 > ( utils )
Broken signon-ui:amd64 Depends on signon-ui-x11 [ amd64 ] < none -> 0.17+15.04.20150410-0ubuntu1 > ( gnome )
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到目前为止，我已经禁用了所有 PPA 并删除了几个软件包。当然，损坏的软件包数量减少了，但我不想删除列表中的所有软件包。
有人对如何进行有什么建议吗？
答案1
假设：
- 开始于 14.04
- 运行
sudo do-release-upgrade并尝试升级到 15.04。- 升级失败，因为某些软件没有先完全更新（始终
sudo apt-get update; sudo apt-get dist-upgrade在运行之前运行do-release-upgrade）
假设我上面的两个假设都是正确的，那么您的系统就坏了。14.04 到 15.04 的直接升级路径是一个相当新推出的升级路径解决方案，但它并不是一个保证能正常工作的解决方案 - 它在过去已经严重损坏，并给人们留下了难以修复的损坏。
鉴于你拥有的损坏软件列表非常大，列表中包含核心软件，并且尝试的修复都失败了，你唯一剩下的选择就是备份您希望保留的数据后，全新安装 14.04 或您的目标版本。
不幸的是，这是修复严重损坏的系统的唯一真正方法；在这种情况下，修复每个包将非常困难，您最好只是干净地安装，这是最快的修复方法。 不过，请先备份数据，以免丢失数据，并可以在全新安装后恢复数据。
答案2
卸载损坏软件包列表中最后提到的软件包/var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log（在我的情况下是 tex-live 软件包）可使该错误无效。我有点惊讶一个软件包竟然能生成如此长的损坏软件包列表。
升级到 15.04 后，损坏的软件包再次出现。这次似乎源于libstc++。自然，我不想删除该库，因为有大量的软件包依赖于它。因此，我尝试了apt-get各种参数（dist-upgrade、update、upgrade 等），但无济于事。最后，我删除了ubuntu-desktop和，unity看能否重新安装它们。Ubuntu 桌面，因为它列在第一位，而 unity，因为 Ubuntu 桌面依赖于该软件包，当我尝试重新安装 Ubuntu 桌面时，报告称它们被暂停。由于无法重新安装 Ubuntu 桌面，我决定尝试升级到 15.10，希望在此过程中能解决任何问题。升级完成后，我重新安装了 Ubuntu 桌面和 Unity，然后，令我惊讶的是，系统竟然正常工作了。
apt-get dist-upgrade总而言之，我不知道在系统升级之前有必要运行它，也许这样可以解决问题。不幸的是，我无法直接回答是什么导致系统突然再次工作，但显然libstdc++进行了更新，从而允许更新所有其他软件包。